Iibhoyila, ezihlala zijongwa njengomqolo kumashishini amaninzi, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufudumezeni nasekuveliseni amandla kwihlabathi liphela. Ukuqonda ukusebenza kwawo, usetyenziso, kunye neendleko kubalulekile kumashishini anenjongo yokwandisa imisebenzi yawo. Esi sikhokelo sibanzi siya kuphonononga ins kunye nokuphuma kweebhoyila, sikhanyise ngokubaluleka kwazo kunye nendlela yokukhetha eyona ilungileyo kwiimfuno zakho.
Isiqulatho:
– Yintoni ibhoyila?
– Zisebenza njani iibhoyila?
– Indlela yokusebenzisa ibhoyila
– Ixabisa malini ibhoyila?
– Iibhoyila eziphezulu kwimarike
Yintoni ibhoyila?
Ibhoyila yinqanawa evaliweyo apho kufudunyezwa amanzi okanye olunye ulwelo. Ulwelo olufudunyeziweyo okanye olungumphunga luphuma kwibhoyila ukuze lusetyenziswe kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo okanye iinkqubo zokufudumeza, kubandakanywa ukufudumeza kwamanzi, ukufudumeza okuphakathi, ukuvelisa amandla asekelwe kwibhoyila, ukupheka, kunye nogutyulo. Iibhoyila zihlelwa ngokweendidi ezininzi ngokusekelwe kwindlela yazo yokufudumeza, uhlobo lwamafutha, kunye nenkqubo yokujikeleza kwamanzi. Ukuguquguquka kwabo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kubenza babaluleke kakhulu kumashishini kunye neendawo zokuhlala.
Amacandelo angundoqo wenkqubo yebhoyila abandakanya isitshisi, igumbi lokutsha, umtshintshi wobushushu, isitaki sokukhupha, kunye nolawulo. Iibhoyila ziyilelwe ukuguqula ngokufanelekileyo amandla asuka kumafutha (irhasi yendalo, i-oyile, amalahle, okanye i-biomass) abe ngamandla obushushu ngokutsha. La mandla e-thermal ke adluliselwe emanzini kwindawo yokufudumala, ukudala umphunga okanye amanzi ashushu, ajikelezwe kulo lonke isibonelelo okanye ikhaya ukufudumeza okanye ukusetyenziswa kwenkqubo.
Iibhoyila ziza ngobukhulu obahlukeneyo kunye nezakhono, ezilungiselelwe iimfuno zezicelo ezithile. Ukusuka kwiibhoyila ezincinci, zokuhlala zamanzi ashushu ukuya kwiijenereyitha ezinkulu zemizi-mveliso, uhlobo ngalunye lwebhoyila lusebenza ngenjongo ekhethekileyo. Uyilo kunye nokusebenza kwabo kulawulwa yimigangatho engqongqo yokhuseleko kunye nemimiselo yokuthintela iingozi kunye nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Zisebenza njani iibhoyila?
Ukusebenza kwebhoyila yinkqubo enika umdla edibanisa amafutha, umoya, namanzi ukuvelisa ubushushu kunye nomphunga. Embindini wayo, isitshisi sebhoyila sitshisa amafutha (igesi, i-oyile, amalahle, okanye i-biomass) ukudala ilangatye. Eli dangatye litshisa amanzi aqulethwe kwibhoyila yokutshintshiselana kobushushu, uthungelwano lwemibhobho okanye iityhubhu ezihambisa ngokufanelekileyo ubushushu emanzini.
Njengoko amanzi eshushu, mhlawumbi ajika abe ngumphunga kwimeko yeebhoyila zomphunga okanye ahlale njengamanzi ashushu kwiibhoyila zamanzi ashushu. Iibhoyila zomphunga zisebenza kumaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo, ukuguqula amanzi abe ngumphunga, athi ke asasazwe kuyo yonke inkqubo yokufudumeza okanye ukunika amandla oomatshini. Iibhoyila zamanzi ashushu, kwelinye icala, zijikeleza amanzi ashushu ngemibhobho ukuya kwiiradiyetha okanye iinkqubo zokufudumeza ngaphantsi.
Ukusebenza kakuhle kwebhoyili kuchongwa ngokukwazi ukuguqula i-fuel kubushushu kunye nelahleko encinci. Iibhoyila zale mihla zixhotyiswe ngolawulo oluphezulu kunye neenkqubo zokwandisa ukutsha, ukunciphisa inkunkuma, kunye nokwandisa ukuhanjiswa kobushushu. Ezi ziquka i-economizers, ezifudumeza amanzi angenayo kwangaphambili ngokusebenzisa i-exhaust gesi, kunye ne-teknoloji yokunciphisa, ebuyisela ubushushu obuvela kwiigesi zokukhupha ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
Indlela yokusebenzisa ibhoyila
Ukusebenzisa ibhoyila ngokufanelekileyo kufuna ukuqonda okusisiseko kwamacandelo kunye nolawulo. Kwiibhoyili zokuhlala, oku kubandakanya ukubeka i-thermostat kwiqondo lokushisa elifunwayo kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo inoxinzelelo oluchanekileyo kunye namanqanaba amanzi. Ukugcinwa rhoqo, okufana nokukhangela iindawo ezivuzayo, ukuhlola isitshisi, kunye nokugungxula inkqubo ukuze kususwe intlenga, kubalulekile ekusebenzeni ngokupheleleyo nokuphila ixesha elide.
Kwiimeko zoshishino, ukusebenza kwebhoyila kunzima kakhulu kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo kulawulwa ngabaqeqeshi abaqeqeshiweyo. Abanini zithuthi kufuneka babeke iliso kumafutha, umoya, namanzi, bahlengahlengise iindlela zokulawula ukuze bagcine uxinzelelo nobushushu obuchanekileyo, baze bahlole ngamaxesha athile kunye nokulungiswa ukuze bathintele ukophuka nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko.
Ukhuseleko lubaluleke kakhulu xa usebenzisa iibhoyila. Ukungena komoya okufanelekileyo, ukuhlolwa kwevalvu yokhuseleko rhoqo, kunye nokubambelela kwiikhowudi kunye nemimiselo yendawo kubalulekile ukuthintela iingozi. Ukongezelela, utyalo-mali kwii-boilers zanamhlanje ezineempawu zokhuseleko ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, njengezinzwa zokuvala ngokuzenzekelayo kunye ne-valve yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, kunokubonelela ngokhuseleko olongezelelweyo.
Ixabisa malini ibhoyila?
Iindleko zebhoyila zinokuhluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwayo, ubungakanani, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nomthombo wamafutha. Iibhoyila zokuhlala ngokuqhelekileyo zivela kwi-$ 2,500 ukuya kwi-$ 7,000 yokuthenga kunye nofakelo, ngelixa iibhoyila zoshishino zinokubiza naphi na ukusuka kwi-$ 10,000 ukuya kwi-$ 100,000. Iimodeli zomgangatho ophezulu, nangona zibiza kakhulu ngaphambili, zinokubonelela ngogcino olubalulekileyo kwiindleko zamafutha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Izinto eziphembelela iindleko ziquka umthamo webhoyila (elinganiswa kwii-BTUs okanye amandla ehashe), imathiriyeli yokwakha (intsimbi okanye intsimbi etyhidiweyo), kunye neempawu ezongezelelweyo ezifana nezitshisi ezimodareyithayo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokujiya. Iinkuthazo zikaRhulumente kunye nezaphulelo kwiibhoyila ezonga amandla nazo zinokuchaphazela iindleko zokugqibela.
Xa ucinga ngebhoyila entsha, kubalulekile ukulinganisa utyalo-mali lokuqala ngokuchasene nokonga umbane onokwenzeka kunye neendleko zokusebenza. Ukubonisana nengcali kunokunceda ukufumanisa eyona ndlela ingabizi kakhulu kwiimfuno zakho ezithile.
Iibhoyila eziphezulu kwimarike
Iimpawu ezininzi kunye neemodeli zivelele kwimarike yebhoyila ngokuthembeka kwazo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye neempawu eziphambili. Ezinye zezona zikhethwa kakhulu ziquka:
- Viessmann: Eyaziwa ngokuba yi-boilers ephezulu yokunciphisa, i-Viessmann inikeza uluhlu lweendawo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo ezinikezela ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla.
- eWorcester Bosch: Ukhetho oludumileyo e-UK, iibhoyili zeWorcester Bosch ziyadunyiswa ngomgangatho wokwakha, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye newaranti ebanzi.
- INavien: Ubuchwephesha kwitekhnoloji yokunciphisa, iibhoyili zeNavien zibonelela ngobuchule obugqwesileyo kunye neenzuzo zokusingqongileyo, zibenza babe yintandokazi phakathi kwabathengi be-eco-conscious.
- Cleaver-Brooks: Igama elihamba phambili kwiibhoyili zoshishino, i-Cleaver-Brooks inikeza uluhlu olubanzi lwe-steam kunye ne-boilers yamanzi ashushu eyenzelwe ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokuqina.
- UBuderus: Inxalenye yeQela leBosch, iibhoyili zeBuderus ziyaziwa ngokwakhiwa kwazo okuqinileyo, ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nobomi obude benkonzo.
Isiphelo:
Iibhoyili ziyinxalenye ebalulekileyo yoshishino lwanamhlanje kunye nentuthuzelo yendawo yokuhlala, ibonelela ngezisombululo ezisebenzayo zokufudumeza amandla kwihlabathi lethu. Ukuqonda indlela iibhoyila ezisebenza ngayo, indlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokukhuselekileyo nangempumelelo, kwaye zeziphi izinto eziphembelela iindleko zazo zinokunceda abantu kunye namashishini benze izigqibo ezinolwazi xa bekhetha ibhoyila. Ngenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kunye nokugxila ekusebenzeni kakuhle kwamandla, iibhoyila zanamhlanje zibonelela ngeempawu kunye neenzuzo ezininzi kunanini na ngaphambili, zibenza utyalo-mali oluhlakaniphile lwekamva.
