Indawo yeenkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D yindawo enomdla yokuhlangana kwezinto ezintsha, ukuyila, kunye nobuchwepheshe. Ezi nkonzo azikho nje amashishini aguqulayo; bachaza ngokutsha uhlobo loyilo kunye nolwenziwayo. Kweli nqaku, siza kuphonononga ubucukubhede beenkonzo zokuprinta ze-3D, indlela ezisebenza ngayo, izicelo zabo, kunye nokunye okuninzi ukunika ukuqonda okubanzi kobu buchwepheshe buqhekeka.
Isiqulatho:
– Yintoni inkonzo yoshicilelo lwe-3D?
– Zisebenza njani iinkonzo zoshicilelo lwe-3D?
-Uzisebenzisa njani iinkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D
– Ixabisa malini inkonzo yoshicilelo lwe-3D?
-Iinkonzo zoshicilelo eziphezulu ze-3D
Yintoni inkonzo yoshicilelo lwe-3D?
Inkonzo yoshicilelo ye-3D ibhekiselele kwinkqubo yokudala izinto ezine-dimensional ezintathu ukusuka kwifayile yedijithali usebenzisa umshicileli we-3D. Ezi nkonzo ziye zanda kakhulu ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa iimilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye ngokuchanekileyo okuphezulu kuya kuba nzima, ukuba akunakwenzeka, ukuphumeza ngeendlela zemveli zokuvelisa. Ukusuka kwiprototyping ukuya kwimveliso yokugqibela yemveliso, iinkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D zibonelela ngesisombululo esiguquguqukayo kuwo wonke amacandelo ahlukeneyo abandakanya izithuthi, i-aerospace, impilo, kunye nefashoni.
Ubuhle beenkonzo zoshicilelo lwe-3D bulele ekuguquguqukeni kwabo. Abasebenzisi banokwenza izinto ngendlela eyiyo ngokweenkcukacha zabo, beyenza ibe lolona khetho lufanelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zebespoke. Ngaphezu koko, ikhuthaza inkqubo yokwenziwa ezinzileyo ngokunciphisa inkunkuma. Ngokwakha izinto zomaleko ngoluhlu, kuphela inani elifunekayo lezinto eziphathekayo lisetyenzisiweyo, ukunciphisa ukugqithisa kunye nokukhuthaza ukusebenza kakuhle.
Zisebenza njani iinkonzo zoshicilelo lwe-3D?
Inkqubo yoshicilelo lwe-3D iqala ngemodeli yedijithali, ngokuqhelekileyo eyenziwa kwi-software ye-Computer-Aided Design (CAD). Lo mzekelo uguqulelwa kwifomati yefayile yedijithali apho umshicileli we-3D anokuyitolika. Eyona fomati ixhaphakileyo yefayile esetyenziswa yi STL (stereolithography), eqhekeza imodeli ibengamaleko umshicileli anokwakha ngokulandelelanayo.
Kukho ubuchwephesha obuninzi obusetyenziswa kushicilelo lwe-3D, kuquka iFused Deposition Modeling (FDM), Stereolithography (SLA), kunye neSelective Laser Sintering (SLS), phakathi kwabanye. I-FDM isebenza ngokunyibilikisa i-filament yeplastiki kwaye iyikhuphele umaleko ngokomaleko ukwenza into. I-SLA isebenzisa i-laser ukunyanga i-resin engamanzi ibe yifom eqinileyo, ngelixa i-SLS idibanisa amaqhekeza omgubo kunye usebenzisa i-laser. Itekhnoloji nganye ineenzuzo zayo ezizodwa kwaye ikhethwa ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zomsebenzi wokushicilela.
Uzisebenzisa njani iinkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D
Ukusebenzisa inkonzo yoshicilelo ye-3D ibandakanya amanyathelo angundoqo ambalwa. Okokuqala, kufuneka uyile okanye ufumane imodeli ye-3D yento onqwenela ukuyiprinta. Iiplatifti ezahlukeneyo ze-intanethi zibonelela ngeemodeli ezinokukhutshelwa, okanye unokwenza eyakho usebenzisa isoftware yeCAD. Okulandelayo, khetha inkonzo yoshicilelo ye-3D efanelekileyo ehambelana neemfuno zakho, uqwalasela izinto ezifana nohlobo lobugcisa bokushicilela, izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nexesha lokuguqula.
Nje ukuba ukhethe inkonzo, uya kulayisha imodeli yakho yedijithali kwiqonga labo. Ezinye iinkonzo zibonelela ngokucaphula ngoko nangoko ngokusekwe kububunzima bemodeli, ubungakanani, kunye nezixhobo ezikhethiweyo. Emva kokuqinisekisa iinkcukacha kunye nokwenza intlawulo, inkqubo yokushicilela iqala. Ekugqityweni, into iqhutywe emva kokuba kuyimfuneko (umzekelo, ukususa izakhiwo zenkxaso okanye ukugqitywa kwendawo) kwaye emva koko ithunyelwe kuwe.
Ixabisa malini inkonzo yoshicilelo lwe-3D?
Iindleko zeenkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D zinokuhluka ngokubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanywa ubungakanani kunye nobunzima bento, uhlobo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo, kunye neteknoloji yoshicilelo ekhethiweyo. Izinto ezincinci, ezilula zinokuxabisa kancinci njengeedola ezimbalwa, ngelixa izinto ezinkulu, ezintsokothileyo zinokufikelela kumakhulu okanye kumawaka eedola.
Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziphathekayo kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekunqumeni iindleko. Iiplastiki eziqhelekileyo ezifana ne-ABS okanye i-PLA ngokubanzi zifikeleleka ngakumbi, ngelixa izinto ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-flexible filaments okanye i-powders yesinyithi inokunyusa ixabiso. Ukongezelela, isisombululo soshicilelo kunye nesidingo sokulungiswa emva kokulungiswa kwakhona kunokuchaphazela ixabiso elipheleleyo.
Iinkonzo zoshicilelo eziphezulu ze-3D
Iinkonzo ezininzi zoshicilelo ze-3D zizenzele igama kushishino, zibonelela ngoluhlu lwetekhnoloji kunye nezixhobo zokuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo. I-Shapeways idume ngokukhethwa kwayo kwezinto ezininzi kunye noshicilelo lwebakala lobuchwephesha. I-Sculpteo inikezela ngemveliso ekhawulezayo kunye neqonga elisebenziseka lula, okwenza kube lukhetho olukhulu kubaqalayo kunye neengcali. Ngeli xesha, iiProtolabs zamkelwa ngesantya esiphezulu seprototyping kunye neenkonzo zokuvelisa ezifunekayo, ukubonelela ngenguqu engenamthungo ukusuka kwiprototype ukuya kwimveliso.
isiphelo: Iinkonzo zoshicilelo ze-3D ziguqula indlela esicinga ngayo malunga nokuveliswa kunye noyilo. Ngokunikezela ngokuguquguquka okungenakuthelekiswa nanto, ukuchaneka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, bavula amathuba amatsha kubadali kunye namashishini kwihlabathi liphela. Nokuba ungumyili, injineli, okanye i-hobbyist, uyayiqonda indlela ezi nkonzo zisebenza ngayo kunye nezicelo ezinokuthi zivuleleke kwihlabathi lokuyila kunye nokuyila.
