Kwixesha ledijithali, irutha yeWiFi yintliziyo yayo nayiphi na inethiwekhi yasekhaya, eqhagamshela zonke izixhobo zakho kwi-intanethi. Ukuqonda esi siqwenga sibalulekileyo sobuchwephesha kunokuphucula amava akho e-intanethi, ukusuka kwimiboniso bhanyabhanya ukuya ekukhuseleni idatha yakho. Esi sikhokelo siya kuphonononga ins kunye nokuphuma kweerotha zeWiFi, siqinisekisa ukuba wenza okuninzi kuqhagamshelo lwakho lwe-intanethi.
Isiqulatho:
-Yintoni irutha yeWiFi?
-Isebenza njani irutha yeWiFi?
-Iinzuzo kunye neengxaki ze-WiFi router
Ungayikhetha njani irutha yeWiFi
-Uyisebenzisa njani irutha yeWiFi
Yintoni irutha yeWiFi?
Irutha yeWiFi sisixhobo esisebenza njengesango phakathi kwenethiwekhi yakho yasekhaya kunye ne-intanethi. Ivumela izixhobo ezininzi, ezinje ngee-smartphones, iilaptops, kunye nezixhobo ezihlakaniphile zasekhaya, ukunxibelelana ngaphandle kwamacingo kwi-intanethi kunye nomnye. Ngokusisiseko, isalathisa itrafikhi kwinethiwekhi yakho, iqinisekisa ukuba iipakethi zedatha zifikelela kwindawo ekujoliswe kuyo ngokufanelekileyo.
Iirotha zeWiFi ziza ngokweemilo ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu, kodwa zonke zisebenza umsebenzi ofanayo osisiseko: ukubonelela ngofikelelo lwe-intanethi engenazingcingo. Oku bakwenza ngokuguqula idatha efunyenwe kumboneleli wakho wenkonzo ye-intanethi (ISP) ibe ziimpawu zerediyo. Ezi miqondiso zithunyelwa ngaphandle kwamacingo kwaye zifunyenwe zizixhobo ezixhotyiswe ngesakhono se-WiFi.
Ukuvela kweerotha zeWiFi kubaluleke kakhulu, kunye neemodeli ezintsha ezixhasa izinto eziphambili ezinje ngonxibelelwano lweebhendi ezimbini, uthungelwano lweendwendwe, kunye nemigaqo yokhuseleko eyongeziweyo. Olu phuculo lwenze ukuba ii-routers zisebenze ngakumbi kwaye zithembeke, zijongana nemfuno ekhulayo ye-intanethi enesantya esiphezulu kunye nenani elikhulayo lezixhobo ezixhunyiwe kumakhaya anamhlanje.
Isebenza njani irutha yeWiFi?
Embindini wayo, irutha yeWiFi sisixhobo sothungelwano esiphucukileyo esisebenzisa amaza erediyo ukubonelela ukufikelela kwi-intanethi engenazingcingo. Xa uqhagamshela i-router kwimodem yakho, ifumana idatha kwi-ISP yakho, ethi iguqulelwe kwiisignali zerediyo. Le miqondiso isasazwa njengothungelwano lwe-WiFi, apho izixhobo zinokuqhagamshelwa kuyo, zibenza bakwazi ukufikelela kwi-intanethi.
Iirotha ze-WiFi zisebenza kwiifrikhwensi ezithile, ngokuyintloko i-2.4 GHz kunye ne-5 GHz bands. Ibhendi ye-2.4 GHz ibonelela ngokugubungela ngokubanzi kodwa ngesantya esinokubakho esisezantsi, iyenza ilungele ukukhangela i-intanethi kunye ne-imeyile. Kwelinye icala, ibhendi ye-5 GHz ibonelela ngesantya sedatha ekhawulezayo kumgama omfutshane, ilungele ukusasaza ividiyo enenkcazo ephezulu okanye yokudlala.
Ngaphezu koko, iirotha zisebenzisa iiprotocol ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-802.11n (WiFi 4), 802.11ac (WiFi 5), kunye ne-802.11ax yamva nje (WiFi 6), ukulawula ukuhanjiswa kwedatha. Ezi prothokholi zimisela isantya, uluhlu, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo, enemigangatho emitsha ebonelela ngophuculo olubalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kunye namandla.
Izibonelelo kunye neengxaki ze-WiFi router
Iirotha zeWiFi zibonelela ngokulula kofikelelo lwe-intanethi engenazingcingo, zisusa imfuno yeentambo ze-ethernet ezinzima. Baxhasa uqhagamshelo lwezixhobo ezininzi ngaxeshanye, nto leyo ezenza zibe yimfuneko kumakhaya anamhlanje aqhagamshelwe ngokwedijithali. Ukongeza, iirotha zale mihla ziza neempawu zokhuseleko eziphambili, ezifana ne-WPA3 encryption, firewall, kunye nolawulo lwabazali, ukubonelela ngemeko ekhuselekileyo ye-intanethi.
Nangona kunjalo, iirutha zeWiFi azikho ngaphandle kokusilela kwazo. Isignali engenazintambo inokuchaphazeleka yizithintelo zomzimba, ezifana neendonga kunye nefenitshala, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwezinye izixhobo, ezikhokelela ekunciphiseni isantya kunye nokugubungela. Ngapha koko, njengoko inani lezixhobo eziqhagamshelweyo lisanda, inethiwekhi inokuxinana, ibe nefuthe ekusebenzeni ngokubanzi.
Enye into eqwalaselwayo yimfuneko yohlaziyo rhoqo kunye nokugcinwa. Abavelisi bakhulula uhlaziyo lwe-firmware ukujongana nobuthathaka bokhuseleko kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza, kufuna abasebenzisi ukuba bahlale bephaphile ukuze baqinisekise ukuba i-router yabo ihlala ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
Ungayikhetha njani irutha yeWiFi
Ukukhetha irutha yeWiFi echanekileyo kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya ubungakanani bekhaya lakho, inani lezixhobo ekufuneka ziqhagamshelwe, kunye nemikhwa yakho yokusebenzisa i-intanethi. Kumakhaya amakhulu, i-router enamandla omqondiso oqinileyo kunye nokhetho lothungelwano lwe-mesh lunokuba yimfuneko ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukhuseleko olupheleleyo. Uthungelwano lweMesh zisebenzisa izixhobo ezininzi ezifana ne-router ukwandisa ukhuseleko lwe-WiFi kwikhaya lakho, ukuphelisa iindawo ezifileyo.
Kumakhaya aneemfuno eziphezulu ze-bandwidth, ezifana nokudlala ividiyo ye-4K okanye umdlalo we-intanethi, i-router exhasa umgangatho we-WiFi yamva nje (okwangoku i-WiFi 6) kunye nokubonelela ngoqhagamshelwano lwe-dual okanye i-tri-band inokubonelela ngesantya esiyimfuneko kunye nomthamo. Ukongezelela, qwalasela ii-routers ezinoMgangatho weNkonzo (i-QoS) iimpawu, ezibeka phambili i-traffic ukuqinisekisa ukuba imisebenzi ephezulu yemfuno ifumana i-bandwidth abayidingayo.
Ukhuseleko yenye into ebalulekileyo. Jonga iirotha ezinemigangatho eyomeleleyo yofihlo, iifirewall ezakhelwe ngaphakathi, kunye nokukwazi ukuseta uthungelwano lweendwendwe. Ezi mpawu zinceda ukukhusela idatha yakho kunye nolwazi lomntu ekufikeleleni okungagunyaziswanga kunye nezoyikiso ze-cyber.
Uyisebenzisa njani irutha yeWiFi
Ukuseta i-router ye-WiFi ngokuqhelekileyo kulula. Qala ngokuqhagamshela irutha kwimodem yakho usebenzisa intambo ye-ethernet, emva koko unike amandla kuzo zombini izixhobo. Sebenzisa ikhomputha okanye i-smartphone ukuqhagamshela kwinethiwekhi ye-router, eya kufuna igama lomsebenzisi elingagqibekanga kunye negama lokugqitha elifumaneka kwincwadana yemigaqo okanye kwisixhobo ngokwaso.
Nje ukuba uqhagamshelwe, fikelela kwi-intanethi ye-router ngokusebenzisa isikhangeli ukuze uqwalasele useto lwakho lwenethiwekhi. Oku kuquka ukutshintsha iinkcukacha zokungena ezingagqibekanga, ukuseta uthungelwano lwe-WiFi (SSID) kunye namagama ayimfihlo, kunye nokuqwalasela izicwangciso zokhuseleko. Ukuze usebenze ngokugqibeleleyo, cinga ngokubeka irutha yakho kwindawo esembindini, kude nemiqobo emikhulu kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane.
Ukugcinwa rhoqo, okufana nokuhlaziya i-firmware, ukutshintsha amagama ayimfihlo ngamaxesha athile, kunye nokubeka iliso kwizixhobo ezixhunyiwe, kunokunceda ukugcina inethiwekhi yakho ikhuselekile kwaye isebenza kakuhle. Uninzi lweerotha zikwabonelela ngeeapps eziphathwayo, ezibonelela ngendlela elula yokulawula inethiwekhi yakho kunye nokufikelela kwiimpawu eziluncedo ekuhambeni.
isiphelo: Irutha yeWiFi lilitye lembombo lothungelwano lwale mihla lwasekhaya, ibonelela ngokulula kofikelelo lwe-intanethi ngaphandle kwamacingo kuzo zonke izixhobo ezininzi. Ukuqonda ukuba zisebenza njani iirotha, izibonelelo zazo kunye nemida, kunye nendlela yokukhetha nokusebenzisa enye ngokufanelekileyo kunokuphucula kakhulu amava akho e-intanethi. Ngomzila ochanekileyo kunye nolungiselelo olufanelekileyo, ungonwabela uqhagamshelo olukhawulezayo, olukhuselekileyo, noluthembekileyo lwe-intanethi, kukugcina wena nezixhobo zakho ziqhagamshelwe kwihlabathi ledijithali.
