Isiqulatho
● Intshayelelo
● Isishwankathelo semarike
● Uyilo oluphambili, ubugcisa, nezinto ezintsha ezintsha
● Abathengisi abaphezulu baqhuba iindlela zemarike
● Umqukumbelo
intshayelelo
Ukuvela kweebhalbhu zezibane zemoto kuguqula ngokuphawulekayo imboni yokukhanyisa iimoto, ukuphucula ukusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nokusebenza okutsha. Inkqubela phambili yanamhlanje, ngakumbi kwitekhnoloji ye-LED, ikhokelele ekukhanyeni okuphezulu, ixesha elide lokuphila, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi kune-incandescent kunye neebhalbhu ze-halogen. Ukudityaniswa ne-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT) kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele ziye zatshintsha ngakumbi imarike, zivumela iimpawu ezinjengolawulo olukude, ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo, kunye nokhuseleko oluphuculweyo. Ezi mpu melelo zeteknoloji zihambelana nemigaqo karhulumente engqongqo ejolise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye neenyawo zekhabhoni kunye nokulungelelanisa imfuno yabathengi ekhulayo yezisombululo ezizinzileyo kunye neziphezulu zokukhanyisa. Imakethi ibona ukukhula okubonakalayo, okuqhutywa kolu tshintsho kunye notshintsho olubhekiselele kwiimveliso ezisebenza ngamandla, ukuguqula ukusebenza kunye noyilo kwishishini leemoto.
ubenemboniselo Market
Imarike yebhalbhu yemoto yehlabathi, ngakumbi ukukhanya kwe-LED, yayixabisa i-USD 81.48 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2023 kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kukhula ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiweyo (CAGR) se-11.0% ukusuka ngo-2023 ukuya ku-2030, ngokweGrand View Research. Olu hlumo lubalulekileyo luqhutywa kukwandiswa kwemisebenzi yokwakha kuyo yomibini imimandla ephuhlisiwe nephuhlisayo, kunye nemigaqo karhulumente exhasayo ejolise ekunciphiseni ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ngokwamkelwa kwezisombululo zokukhanyisa ezonga amandla. Imakethi yahlulwe yazintlobo ezininzi zeemveliso eziphambili: i-LED, i-halogen, i-incandescent, kunye nezibane ezidibeneyo ze-fluorescent (CFL). Phakathi kwezi, izibane ze-LED zilawula imarike ngenxa yokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla kunye nobomi obude
Imigaqo karhulumente ekhuthaza ukukhanyisa ngendlela eyonga amandla ngoyena nobangela wokukhula kwemarike. Oorhulumente ehlabathini lonke bamisela imithetho engqongqo yokuphelisa iinkqubo zokukhanyisa ezingasebenzi kakuhle, nto leyo eyandisa imfuneko yobugcisa bokukhanyisa. Ngokomzekelo, iSebe lezaMandla lase-US liqikelela ukuba ukwamkelwa ngokubanzi kokukhanya kwe-LED ngo-2027 kunokonga malunga ne-348 TWh yombane, ngokulingana nokukhutshwa kombane wonyaka wezityalo zamandla ombane amakhulu angama-44. E-China, imakethi yokukhanyisa i-LED kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kwi-CAGR ye-11.4% ukusuka ngo-2023 ukuya ku-2030, ngokutsho kweGrand View Research. Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji, efana nokudityaniswa kwe-Intanethi yeZinto (IoT) kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezikrelekrele, zikwangabaqhubi abaphambili, ababonelela ngemisebenzi eyongeziweyo njengolawulo olude kunye nokukhanya okuguquguqukayo.
Uyilo oluphambili, ubugcisa, kunye nezinto ezintsha ezintsha
Teknoloji ye-LED
Itekhnoloji ye-LED iguqule ukukhanya kwemoto ngokunika ubomi obude, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye nezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zokusingqongileyo. Ngokutsho koPhando lwe-Grand View, izibane ze-LED zinokuhlala ukuya kwiiyure ze-50,000, malunga namaxesha angama-50 ubude kunezibane zendabuko ze-incandescent. Ukusebenza kwabo kwamandla akuhambelani, njengoko kudla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla angaphantsi kunezisombululo zokukhanyisa eziqhelekileyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zamandla kunye ne-carbon footprints. Ukudityaniswa kwe-IoT kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa ezihlakaniphile kuye kwaphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwee-bulb ze-LED. Ezi nkqubo zivumela ulawulo olukude, ukukhanya okuguquguqukayo, kunye nokujongwa kokusetyenziswa kwamandla, ukwenza ukukhanya kwesithuthi kusebenze ngakumbi kwaye kusebenziseke lula. Ukuqhubela phambili kubushushu bemibala ye-LED kunye nomgangatho wokukhanya kuye kwanegalelo ekudumeni kwabo. Ii-LED zanamhlanje zibonelela ngoluhlu lwamaqondo obushushu ombala, ukusuka kubushushu ukuya kumhlophe opholileyo, ukubonelela ngokubonakala okungcono kunye namava okukhanya okulungiselelwe ngakumbi kubaqhubi. Ngaphaya koko, ii-LED ziyilwa ngobuchwephesha obuphuculweyo bokulahla ubushushu, obuphucula ukusebenza kwazo kunye nobomi, nto leyo ezenza zithembeke ngakumbi kwizicelo zeemoto.
Ukuphuculwa kweHalogen kunye ne-incandescent
Nangona ii-LED zilawula imarike, ukuphuculwa kwee-halogen kunye ne-incandescent bulbs zihlala zifanelekile kwizicelo ezithile. Iibhalbhu zehalogen ezongeziweyo zibonelela ngobuchule obuphezulu kunye nokukhanya okuqaqambileyo, okuzenza zilungele izibane zemoto kunye nezinye izinto ezichanekileyo. Ngokutsho kwe-Just Energy, iiglowubhu ze-halogen zisebenzisa i-tungsten filament esebenza kubushushu obuphezulu, okukhokelela kumgangatho wokukhanya ongcono kunye nobomi obude kunee-incandescent bulbs zendabuko. Izinto ezintsha kwiibhalbhu ze-incandescent, ezifana nezixhobo eziphuculweyo ze-filament kunye nemixube yegesi engcono, zandise ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwiimarike ze-niche ezifuna iimpawu ezithile zokukhanyisa. Olu phuculo luquka imicu eyomelele ngakumbi kunye neteknoloji yokufunxa ephuculweyo okanye yokuzalisa igesi, enceda ukwandisa ubomi beebhalbhu nokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo phantsi kweemeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukongezelela, ii-halogen zanamhlanje kunye ne-incandescent bulbs ziyilwa kunye nezixhobo ezinamandla kunye nokumelana nokushisa, okwenza ukuba zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezifunwayo zokukhanyisa isithuthi.
Izibane ezixineneyo zefluorescent (CFLs)
Izibane eziChwethekileyo zeFluorescent (CFLs) zibone ukuphuculwa kobugcisa okunciphisa ukuqhwanyaza kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokukhanya, okwenza kube yindlela efanelekileyo yokukhanyisa isithuthi. Ngokutsho kwe-Saving Light Bulbs, ii-CFL zanamhlanje zineebhola ze-elektroniki ezizinzisa isibane sangoku, zisusa i-flicker ebonwa kwiimodeli ezindala. Olu phuculo lobugcisa kunye nohlengahlengiso loyilo oluvumela ii-CFL ukuba zivumelane nezibane ezahlukeneyo zokukhanyisa ziye zandisa ukwamkelwa kwazo kwizicelo apho kufuneka ukukhanya kwexesha elide, okuzinzile. Ii-CFL nazo zonga amandla ngakumbi kuneebhalbhu ze-incandescent, zibonelela ngogcino lwamandla olubalulekileyo kubomi bazo bokusebenza. Ukongeza, ukuqhubela phambili kwiingubo ze-phosphor kukhokelele kunikezelo olungcono lombala kunye nokukhanya okungaguqukiyo ngakumbi okuvela kwii-CFL, kuzenze zibe nomtsalane ngakumbi ukuba zisetyenziswe ngaphakathi kunye nezibane zemoto zangaphandle. Uphuhliso lweeCFL eziluzizi kunye nezo zinamaxesha okuqalisa ngokukhawuleza ziye zandisa ngakumbi ukusebenza kwazo, zibonelela ngokuguquguquka ngakumbi kunye nokusebenza kwizisombululo zokukhanyisa iimoto.
Iitekhnoloji ezivelayo
Ubuchwephesha obusakhulayo butyhalela phambili imida yokukhanya kwezithuthi. Ukunyaniseka okuKhanya (i-LiFi) bubuchwephesha obutsha obusebenzisa izibane ze-LED kunxibelelwano lwedatha olukhawulezayo. Le teknoloji inokuguqula ukukhanya kwemoto ibe yindawo yokudlulisa idatha, ukuphucula uqhagamshelwano kunye nokusebenza. Izisombululo zokukhanyisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ziya zithandwa ngakumbi, zidibanisa izibane ngokungenamthungo ngaphakathi kwezithuthi kunye nangaphandle, ukuphucula i-aesthetics kunye nokusebenza. Izibane ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ziluncedo ngokukhethekileyo kuyilo lwezithuthi zanamhlanje, apho ukukhanya okukhanyayo, okungabonakaliyo kufunwa. Ngokutsho kwe-Economic Times, ukuqhubela phambili okunjalo kwithekhnoloji yokukhanyisa kubeka imigangatho emitsha kwishishini, kuvula indlela yeenkqubo zokukhanyisa imoto ezihlakaniphile kunye nezisebenzayo. Obunye ubuchwephesha obuvelayo bubandakanya uyilo oluphezulu lwe-optical okwandisa ukuhanjiswa kokukhanya kunye nokuqina, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwe-organic LEDs (OLEDs) ezibonelela ngokuguquguqukayo, okuncinci, kunye nokukhethwa kokukhanya okulula. Ezi zinto zintsha zandisa amathuba oyilo lokukhanyisa isithuthi, okuvumela ukuba kubekho izisombululo zokukhanyisa ezinobuchule kunye nezisebenzayo ezinokuziqhelanisa neemfuno eziguqukayo zeshishini leemoto.
Abathengisi abaphezulu baqhuba iindlela zemarike
Ulawulo lwe-LED
Iibhalbhu ze-LED ziye zaba yeyona nto iphambili ekukhanyeni kwemoto ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla. Iimodeli eziphambili ze-LED, ezinje ngePhilips X-tremeVision kunye ne-OSRAM Night Breaker, zibonelela ngokuqaqamba okugqwesileyo kunye nobude bobomi obandisiweyo, zibenza ukhetho oludumileyo phakathi kwabathengi. Ezi bulbs zidla ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80% yamandla angaphantsi kunee-incandescent bulbs zendabuko, ukunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zamandla kunye ne-carbon footprints, ngokutsho kwe-Just Energy. Izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi zitshintshela kwii-LEDs ngokuthembeka kwazo, ukuqina, kunye nokukwazi ukuvelisa amaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo ombala, okwandisa ukubonakala kunye nokhuseleko endleleni. Ukuguquguquka kunye nokuqhubela phambili ngokukhawuleza kwitekhnoloji ye-LED iyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ukukhula kweemarike kunye nokubeka imigangatho emitsha yokukhanyisa isithuthi. Ukongeza, ukudityaniswa kweempawu ezilumkileyo, ezinje ngokuqhagamshelwa kwe-Wi-Fi kunye neenkqubo zokukhanyisa eziguquguqukayo, kuye kwaqinisa ngakumbi indawo yee-LED njengokhetho oluphezulu lokukhanyisa iimoto zanamhlanje.
Iibhalbhu zeHalogen kwiimoto
Ngaphandle kokunyuka kobuchwepheshe be-LED, ii-halogen bulbs zihlala zithandwa kwizicelo zeemoto, ngakumbi kwizibane zemoto. Iimodeli eziphambili ezifana ne-Sylvania SilverStar Ultra kunye ne-GE Nighthawk zidume ngokugqama, ukukhanya okumhlophe kunye nokufikeleleka. Iibhalbhu zeHalogen, ezaziwa ngobungakanani bazo obubambeneyo kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu, zikhethwa ngenxa yokukwazi ukuvelisa ukukhanya kwendalo okulinganisa ngokusondeleyo ukukhanya kwemini. Oku kubenza balungele iimeko zokuqhuba ezifuna ukubonakala okubukhali. Ngokutsho kwe-Just Energy, iibhalbhu ze-halogen nazo zineendleko eziphezulu ngaphambili xa zithelekiswa nee-LED, zizenza zibe lukhetho olusebenzayo kubathengi abaninzi. Ixesha labo lokuqalisa elikhawulezayo kunye nokuhambelana neenkqubo ezikhoyo zokukhanyisa izithuthi kuqinisa ngakumbi ukusetyenziswa kwabo okuqhubekayo kwishishini leemoto. Ngaphaya koko, izinto ezintsha kwitekhnoloji ye-halogen, enje ngemixube yerhasi ephuculweyo kunye nezixhobo ezingcono ze-filament, ziphucule ukusebenza kwazo kunye nobomi babo, zibagcina befanelekile kwintengiso.
Iibhalbhu ezikhethekileyo
Iibhalbhu ezikhethekileyo zibonelela kwiimarike ze-niche ezinezicelo ezitsha, ngakumbi kwimizi-mveliso kunye nezicwangciso zonyango. Umzekelo, iibhalbhu ze-ultraviolet (UV) zisetyenziselwa ukuvala inzala kunye nokubulala iintsholongwane kumaziko ezonyango, ngelixa iibhalbhu ze-infrared (IR) zibalulekile kwiinkqubo zoshishino ezifana nokunyanga kunye nokufudumeza. Ngokutsho kwe-Economic Times, ii-bulbs ezikhethekileyo ezifana ne-LiFi-enabled LEDs, ezisebenzisa ukukhanya kunxibelelwano lwedatha, zivela njengezisombululo zokusika kwiindawo zombini kunye nezorhwebo. Ezi bhalbhu zibonelela ngemisebenzi eyodwa ehamba ngaphaya kokukhanya okusisiseko, ukubonelela ngezicelo ezibalulekileyo ezixhasa iimfuno zokusebenza kwamashishini ahlukeneyo. Kwicandelo leemoto, iiglowubhu ezikhethekileyo ezifana nezibane zokukhutshwa okuphezulu (HID) kunye nezibane zentloko ze-xenon zifumana ukuqaqamba okugqwesileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Uphuhliso oluqhubekayo lwezisombululo zokukhanyisa ezikhethekileyo lugxininisa ubume obuguquguqukayo beemarike zokukhanyisa kunye nokukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezahlukeneyo kunye nezikhethekileyo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba iimfuno ezithile zokukhanyisa ziqwalaselwa ngokufanelekileyo.
isiphelo
Imarike yebhalbhu yezibane zezithuthi ifumana ukukhula okuguquguqukayo okuqhutywa kukuhambela phambili kwetekhnoloji kunye nenkxaso yolawulo, ibeka inqanaba lokuqamba izinto ezintsha kunye nezisombululo zokukhanyisa ezongeziweyo. Ukunyuka kobuchwepheshe be-LED, ukuphuculwa kwe-halogen kunye ne-incandescent bulbs, kunye nokuvela kwezicelo zokukhanyisa ezikhethekileyo kuguqula ishishini. Njengoko izinto ezikhethwa ngabathengi zitshintshela kukhetho olusebenzayo noluguquguqukayo lokukhanyisa, nanjengoko izikhokelo zolawulo zikhuthaza ugcino lwamandla, imarike ikulungele ukwandiswa okuzinzileyo. Olu phuhliso luthembisa ukuhambisa ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukhuseleko oluphuculweyo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhanya kwesithuthi kuyaqhubeka nokuguquka nokuphucula.
