Ukupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekwehliseni inkunkuma ngokumandla, kugcino lwemithombo yendalo, nasekucutheni ukukhutshwa kwerhasi yegreenhouse.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ingqikelelo yoqoqosho lwesetyhula ifumene ukuthambekela okubalulekileyo njengenye indlela yoqoqosho oluqhelekileyo. Enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo eziqhuba olu tshintsho kukupakishwa okunokusetyenziswa kwakhona.
Ngokunciphisa ukuthembela kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kanye kunye nokukhuthaza ukuphinda kusetyenziswe ukupakishwa, amashishini anokuba negalelo kwikamva elizinzileyo nelinobume bendalo.
Eli nqaku liphonononga ifuthe lokupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kuqoqosho lwesetyhula, iinzuzo ezizisayo, kunye nemicelimngeni eseza.
Ukutshintshela kwipakethe enokuphinda isetyenziswe
Ukupakishwa okusebenzisekayo kwakhona kuya kubaluleke ngakumbi kwiinzame zokudala uqoqosho olujikelezayo. Iimodeli zokupakisha zemveli, ezixhomekeke kakhulu kwizinto ezisetyenziswa kanye, zinegalelo elikhulu ekuthotyweni kwendalo.
Ngokwahlukileyo koko, iinkqubo zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisebenziseke zijolise ekugcineni izinto ezisetyenziswayo ixesha elide, ngaloo ndlela kuncitshiswa inkcitho kunye nokugcina izixhobo.
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Ngokwengxelo ye-Zero Waste Europe, ukubeka ummiselo we-50% yopakisho olunokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngo-2030 kwi-EU kunokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwe-CO2 ngeetoni ze-3.7 yezigidi kwaye konge i-10 yeebhiliyoni zee-cubic metres zamanzi kunye ne-28 yezigidi zeetoni zezinto.
Le ndlela ihambelana nemigaqo yoqoqosho lwesetyhula, ejolise ekuyileni inkunkuma kunye nongcoliseko, ukugcina iimveliso kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo, kunye nokuhlaziya iinkqubo zendalo.
Ngokwandisa umjikelo wokuphila wokupakisha ngokuphinda usetyenziswe, amashishini anokunciphisa ngokubonakalayo indawo yawo yokusingqongileyo kwaye abe negalelo kuqoqosho oluzinzileyo.
Iinzuzo zokupakisha
Iinzuzo zokwamkela ukupakishwa okuphinda zisetyenziswe zininzi.
Okokuqala, ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezinkulu zokusingqongileyo. Ukupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kunciphisa imfuno yemathiriyeli ekrwada, kucuthwe ukutsalwa kobutyebi kunye neempembelelo ezinxulumene nokusingqongileyo.
Ngokomzekelo, uphando olugxininiswe yi-European Environmental Agency lubonisa ukuba ukukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezijikelezayo kunokunciphisa inkcitho, kuphucule ukusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo, kunye nokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ye-greenhouse.
Ngaphezu koko, ukupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kunokukhokelela ekongiweni kweendleko kumashishini nakubathengi. Ngokutyala imali kwizisombululo zokupakisha ezihlala zihleli, ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe, iinkampani zinokuthoba iindleko zokupakisha ngokuhamba kwexesha.
Abathengi, nabo, banokuzuza kumaxabiso aphantsi njengoko amashishini egqithisa ukonga kwiindleko zokupakisha ezincitshisiweyo.
Iinkqubo zokupakisha ezinokusetyenziswa kwakhona zinokudala amathuba amatsha ezoqoqosho kunye nemisebenzi ekuqokeleleni, ekucoceni, nasekuhanjisweni ngokutsha kwezinto zokupakisha.
Ngaphaya koko, ukupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kunceda ekudambiseni impembelelo yongcoliseko lweplastiki. Ukwanda kweeplastiki ezisetyenziselwa enye into kuye kwakhokelela kwimiba enzima yokusingqongileyo, kuquka ukungcoliseka kolwandle kunye nokuqokelela iiplastiki kwiindawo zokuhlala zendalo.
Iinkqubo zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe zinokuwunciphisa kakhulu ubungakanani benkunkuma yeplastiki eveliswayo, ibe negalelo kulwandle olucocekileyo kunye nokusingqongileyo okunempilo.
Ukoyisa imingeni
Ngaphandle kweenzuzo ezicacileyo, ukutshintshela kwipakethe enokusetyenziswa kwakhona akukho mingeni. Omnye weyona miqobo iphambili sisidingo sesiseko esomeleleyo sokuxhasa ukuqokelelwa, ukucocwa, kunye nokusasazwa ngokutsha kokupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe.
Ngokwengxelo kaRhulumente waseNetherlands, ukuphumeza iinkqubo ezisebenzayo zokubuyela umva kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yamanyathelo okupakisha anokuphinda asetyenziswe.
Oku kubandakanya ukuseka iindawo zokuqokelela ezisebenzayo, iindawo zokucoca, kunye nothungelwano lokuhambisa ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukupakishwa kunokusetyenziswa kwakhona ngokufanelekileyo.
Ukongeza, kukho imfuneko yokubekwa emgangathweni kunye nenkxaso yolawulo ukuququzelela ukwamkelwa kokupakishwa okunokusetyenziswa kwakhona. Okwangoku, ukunqongophala koyilo olusemgangathweni kunye neenkqubo kunokubangela umqobo ekuphunyezweni okubanzi.
I-Environmental Coalition on Standards (ECOS) icebisa ukuba ukubeka iimfuno ezicacileyo kwiifomathi zokupakisha ezinokuphinda zisetyenziswe kunye neenkqubo kunokunceda ukunqoba le mingeni.
Imigaqo-nkqubo ekhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kopakisho oluphinda lusetyenziswe kwaye ithintele ukusetyenziswa kweplastiki enye inokuphinda iqhube utshintsho olusingise kuqoqosho olujikelezayo.
Ukuziphatha kwabathengi ngomnye umba obalulekileyo. Ukuze iinkqubo zokupakisha eziphinda zisetyenziswe zibe yimpumelelo, abathengi kufuneka bakulungele ukubuya baphinde basebenzise ukupakisha.
Oku kufuna amaphulo okwazisa kunye nokufundisa ukuqaqambisa iinzuzo zokusingqongileyo zokupakishwa okuphinda zisetyenziswe nokukhuthaza ukuziphatha kakuhle kwabathengi.
Indlela ephambili
Ukutshintshela kwipakethe ephinda isetyenziswe linyathelo elibalulekileyo ekuqondeni uqoqosho olujikelezayo. Ngokugcina izinto ezisetyenziswayo kunye nokunciphisa inkunkuma, ukupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe kunokunceda ukudala inkqubo yoqoqosho ezinzileyo kunye neyomeleleyo.
Njengoko amashishini, abenzi bomgaqo-nkqubo, kunye nabathengi besiya beqonda izibonelelo zokupakishwa okuphinda zisetyenziswe, kusenokwenzeka ukuba badlale indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni ikamva loqoqosho olusetyhula.
Iinzame zokukhuthaza ukupakishwa okuphinda zisetyenziswe sele ziqhuba kwimimandla eyahlukeneyo. Umzekelo, i-EU icebise ekujoliswe kuko kunye nemigaqo-nkqubo yokuxhasa ukwamkelwa kokupakishwa okuphinda kusetyenziswe.
Amanyathelo afanayo aphunyezwa kwezinye iindawo zehlabathi, ebonisa ukuzibophelela okukhulayo kwehlabathi ukuzinza kunye nokujikeleza.
Ekugqibeleni, ukupakishwa okunokusetyenziswa kwakhona kubonisa indlela ethembisayo yoqoqosho olujikelezayo. Ngokujongana nemingeni kunye nokwenza imali kwiinzuzo, sinokuvula indlela yekamva elizinzileyo ngakumbi apho izibonelelo zigcinwa khona, inkunkuma iyancipha, kunye neempembelelo zokusingqongileyo zincitshiswe kakhulu.
Umthombo ovela Isango lokuPakisha
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