Umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwempahla uyakhula kwimakethi yesolar tracker yehlabathi njengotshintsho kuphuhliso lweprojekthi luqhuba imfuno. UJoe Steveni, we-S&P Global Commodity Insights, ujonga izinto ezibumba ubume borhwebo lwabalandeleli, ukusuka kwi-agrivoltaics kunye nomhlaba ojikelezayo ukuya kumabhongo ase-India kunye noMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kwexabiso lokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-United States.
Umfanekiso: Umfanekiso: S&P Global Commodity Insights
Ukusuka kwimagazini eprintiweyo ye-pv 7/24
Imakethi yehlabathi ye-solar tracker ifikelele kwi-94 GW ngokwemiqathango yokuthunyelwa ngo-2023, okunyuka ukusuka kwi-73 GW ngo-2022. Oku kuqhutywe kukukhula ngaphandle kweemarike ezintathu ezinkulu zokulandelela: i-United States, i-Spain, ne-Brazil. Iimarike zaseSaudi Arabia kunye nezaseIndiya ngokukodwa zibone ukukhula okuphezulu konyaka nonyaka, okuqhutywa kukunyuka kwemfuno evela kubaphuhlisi kunye nokunyuka kofakelo lwesikali esiluncedo. Ezi marike zabekwa kwindawo yesine kunye neyesihlanu ngobukhulu ngokuthunyelwa kweetracker (jonga itshathi engentla).
Uninzi lweenqanawa ezithunyelwayo zigxininiswe ngaphakathi kwemigca ye-45-degree latitude. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukusebenzisa iitrekhi kufuna imiqolo ejolise kumntla-mazantsi elandelela ilanga ukusuka empuma ukuya entshona. Xa usebenzisa izixhobo zokulandela umkhondo endaweni yeenkqubo zokuthambeka okungaguqukiyo, uphulukana nobuchule bokuthambekela iiphaneli zelanga emntla okanye emzantsi ukuya elangeni. Yiyo loo nto, ukusebenzisa i-trackers kunciphisa isivuno ngakumbi kwi-ikhweyitha.
Iimveliso ezimbini ze-portrait (2P) ezijoliswe kwi-tracker zidibanisa kabini iimodyuli ezininzi zelanga ngobude bomgca wokulandelela. Malunga ne-15% yokuthunyelwa kwe-tracker ngo-2023 yayiyi-2P kwihlabathi liphela kodwa eYurophu elo nani liye latsibela kwi-30%. Oku kungenxa yothintelo lomhlaba kwiimarike ezithile zaseYurophu njengoko i-2P ifuna iimfumba ezimbalwa ngekilowatt-peak yomthamo wokuvelisa. Ezinye iiprojekthi zisayine iikhontrakthi kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo xa iimveliso ze-2P zazisetyenziswa rhoqo, nto leyo inceda ukucacisa olu khetho.
Ukuqhuba ngokutsha
I-Innovation iyaqhubeka nokuqhuba imarike ye-solar tracker. Kwinkalo ye-agrivoltaics, kuqhelekile ukubona iiprojekthi ezinemigca yokulandela umkhondo eqelelene ngeemitha ezisibhozo ukuya kwi-15 leemitha kunye nendawo ekhethekileyo ethe nkqo “yokuvuna,” ukuze izithuthi zokulima zikwazi ukufikelela kumhlaba. Kukho imiqobo eyongezelelweyo emisela ubuncinci bobude beetraki. Kwiifama zeziqhamo, kukho uyilo lwetracker olulawula ubungakanani bokukhanya kwelanga kwimveliso. Ezi zithathela ingqalelo amagalelo amaninzi, anje ngesityalo, ubushushu, kunye namanqanaba obushushu kwaye kufuneka zibene-algorithm yokulandela entsonkothileyo ukuze ihambelane.
Enye indawo yokwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha kukwenziwa kwangaphambili, ekuqaleni isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa iimfuno zabasebenzi kunye nokuphucula isantya sokufakela. Iimveliso ezitsha ziyavela ezifuna nje iintsuku ezimbalwa kwimegawathi nganye yomthamo wokuvelisa ukuze kufakwe abasebenzi abali-10 ukuya kuma-20 abangenazakhono. Ezi mveliso azisebenzisi iimfumba kwaye ziyilelwe ukuba zilingane inani elichanekileyo leemodyuli kwisingxobo esinye sokuthumela. Okubalulekileyo, ezi mveliso zinokuphinda zipakishwe kwisikhongozeli kwaye zisiwe kwenye indawo. Oku kuluncedo kakhulu kwizicelo zangaphandle kwegrid apho imfuneko yombane kwixesha elizayo ingalindelekanga, njengokuveliswa kwindawo emigodini.
Ababoneleli beTracker bakwakhupha iimveliso ezilandela umhlaba ezilungele umhlaba ongaxutywanga. Oku kunciphisa inani lokusikwa kunye nokuzaliswa okufunekayo kwinqanaba elilinganayo kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba iiprojekthi azidingi ubude obahlukeneyo beemfumba zesiseko. Oku kukwavula amathuba okuphuhlisa iiprojekthi kwiindawo ezineenduli.
Ukukhula kwehlabathi
I-S&P Global iqikelela i-752 GW yofakelo lwe-tracker phakathi kuka-2024 no-2030, ngesixa esonyukayo esivela kwi-Asia-Pacific kunye neYurophu, uMbindi Mpuma, kunye nemimandla yaseAfrika. I-Mainland yase-China kuqikelelwa ukuba iza kunyusa kancinane ukufunyanwa kwe-tracker, isuka kukhetho lwayo lwembali olungaguqukiyo njengoko ukuthembela kwitekhnoloji yokulandelela kukhula. ISaudi Arabia sele ithathelwe kakhulu iitrackers. Ukukhula olomeleleyo kwicandelo lomgangatho womsebenzi, oncediswa ziindawo ezinokuthi zibekho ze-hydrogen eziluhlaza ukuya ku-2030, kuya kuqhubela phambili ukuhanjiswa kwe-tracker. I-Indiya iqalile ukubona ukunyuka kwe-tracker kunye nokuzithemba okukhulayo kwitekhnoloji eqhutywa lubudlelwane phakathi kwababoneleli abaphambili beetracker kunye nobunjineli basekhaya, ukuthenga, kunye neenkampani zokwakha. I-Indiya nayo ikufuphi ne-ikhweyitha kwaye ineendleko eziphantsi zabasebenzi ezenza ukuba zilungele abalandeleli, ngenxa yofakelo oluphantsi kunye neendleko zokusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko ezinxulumene nomsebenzi. Nangona kunjalo, ufakelo lwesikali soncedo eSpain naseBrazil kulindeleke ukuba lwehle ngo-2030, luqhutywa yimiceli mngeni yegridi kunye nokuhla kwamaxabiso esivumelwano sokuthenga amandla, ngokulandelelanayo.
I-S&P Global ithe i-United States iya kwenza i-39% yofakelo lwe-tracker kulo lonke ixesha lika-2024-2030 (jonga itshathi ekunene). Ngoku, eUnited States, i-Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) inikela inkuthazo ngohlobo lwekhredithi yerhafu, edla ngokubizwa ngokuba “zii-adders,” ukuze kwandiswe imveliso yasekhaya. I-IRA yahlula malunga neepesenti zeendleko zamacandelo ahlukeneyo eprojekthi yelanga esetyenziswayo. Amacandelo amathathu aphambili ziimodyuli, iitraki, kunye nee-inverters; ukwenza i-66%, i-9%, kunye ne-25% yezixhobo, ngokulandelelanayo. La macandelo ahlulwe ngakumbi ngokwamacandelo angaphantsi. Ukuze bafanelekele i-adder yerhafu, abaphuhlisi kufuneka babe ne-40% yezixhobo zabo zeprojekthi ezenziwe e-United States, inani elinyuka kamva ukuya kwipesenti ephezulu. Ukwanelisa le mfuno intsha evela kubaphuhlisi, abanye ababoneleli ngetracker baphehlelele iimveliso “ze-IRA-friendly” ezinomlinganiselo ophezulu wokwenziwa kwazo eMelika. Nextracker, Array Technologies, GameChange, PV Hardware, FTC Solar, OMCO Solar, kunye neNevados zonke zinemisebenzi yokuvelisa yase-US.
Ishishini le-solar tracker limiselwe ukuba libe nakho ukukhula olomeleleyo kunye notshintsho olukhawulezayo kwiminyaka ezayo. Ngeemarike eziguquguqukayo kunye neendawo zokuvelisa, ababoneleli kuya kufuneka baqhubeke bevelisa izinto ezintsha ukuze benze iiprojekthi ebezingenakufezekiswa zibe nokwenzeka. Lo mhlaba uguqukayo unika amathuba anomdla kushishino ukutyhala imida kunye nokuqhuba ukwamkelwa kwamandla elanga.
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