Ukuqonda iNkqubo ye-Inventory engapheliyo

Inkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo yindlela yolawulo lwe-inventory enikezela ngokuqhubekayo, ukuhlaziywa kwexesha lokwenyani kumanqanaba oluhlu njengoko kwenzeka ukuthengiselana. Ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo ye-inventri ye-periodic, ehlaziya iirekhodi ze-inventory kuphela ngamaxesha athile, inkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo ivumela amashishini ukuba alandele uluhlu lwempahla ngokukhawuleza, njengoko iimpahla zithengiswa okanye zithengwa. Le ndlela yexesha langempela inceda amashishini alawule uluhlu lwempahla ngokufanelekileyo, ukunciphisa ukungafani, kunye nokwenza izigqibo ezisekelwe kwidatha echanekileyo.

Ukusebenzisa iteknoloji efana ne-barcode scanners, ii-point-of-sale (POS) iinkqubo, kunye ne-software yolawulo lwe-inventory, inkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo ilungelelanisa ukugcinwa kwerekhodi kwaye inikezela ngolwazi oluya kumzuzu kumanqanaba esitokhwe, amaxabiso, kunye nezinye iimetriki ezibalulekileyo. Le nkqubo iye yaba yimfuneko kumashishini abo bonke ubukhulu, ngakumbi kumashishini anengeniso ephezulu yoluhlu lwempahla kunye namakhonkco obonelelo antsonkothileyo.

Indlela iNkqubo ye-Inventory engapheliyo isebenza ngayo

Inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo isebenza ngokulandelelwa okuqhubekayo kwamanqanaba oluhlu. Ngalo lonke ixesha into ithengiswa okanye ifunyenwe, inkqubo irekhoda intengiselwano ngexesha lokwenyani. Oku kulandelwa ngokukhawuleza kuququzelelwa yi-barcode okanye iteknoloji ye-RFID, eyenza ngokuzenzekelayo inkqubo yokuhlaziya njengoko iimveliso ziskenwa kwindawo yokuthengisa okanye ngexesha lokufumana. Ukusetyenziswa kweeskena zebarcode akuphuculi nje ukuchaneka kodwa kunciphise kakhulu umsebenzi wezandla kunye nokuba nokwenzeka kwempazamo yomntu.

Yonke intengiselwano ichaphazela i-akhawunti yoluhlu kunye neminye imiba yezemali yeshishini, kubandakanywa iindleko zeempahla ezithengisiweyo (COGS) kunye nokubalwa kwengeniso epheleleyo. Oku kuvumela amashishini ukuba abe nomfanekiso ochanekileyo kunye nohlaziyiweyo wempilo yabo yezemali nangaliphi na ixesha. Ngokungafaniyo nenkqubo ye-inventri yamaxesha athile, apho i-COGS ibalwa ekupheleni kwexesha lobalo, inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo isoloko ihlaziya i-COGS ngayo yonke intengiselwano.

Umahluko oPhambili phakathi kweZixokelelwano zeMpahla eziPheleleyo kunye nezexesha elithile

Owona mahluko uphambili phakathi kwenkqubo yoluhlu lwempahla engapheliyo kunye nenkqubo ye-inventri yamaxesha ngamaxesha usekuhlaziyweni rhoqo kweerekhodi ze-inventri. Inkqubo engapheliyo ibonelela ngohlaziyo lwexesha lokwenyani nanini na xa uluhlu lwempahla luhamba, ngelixa inkqubo ye-periodic ifuna ukubalwa kwe-inventri ebonakalayo ngamaxesha amisiweyo, njengenyanga, ngekota, okanye ngonyaka.

Omnye umahluko yindlela ezi nkqubo zibala ngayo iCOGS. Kwinkqubo engapheliyo, i-COGS ihlaziywa ngayo yonke intengiselwano, ebonisa ukunciphisa ngokukhawuleza kwi-inventory. Ngokwahlukileyo, inkqubo ye-periodic ibala i-COGS kuphela ekupheleni kwexesha lokubala ngokusebenzisa i-formula: i-inventory yokuqala + ukuthenga - i-inventory yokuphela = i-COGS.

Ngelixa inkqubo ye-inventri ye-periodic inokusebenza kumashishini amancinci ane-inventory encinci, inkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo inika iingenelo ezicacileyo malunga nokuchaneka, ukuzenzekelayo, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle, ngakumbi kumashishini ajongene nomthamo ophezulu we-inventory okanye ii-SKU ezininzi.

Izinto eziluncedo zeNkqubo yeMpahla yeMpahla

Ixesha langempela le-Inventory Tracking

Enye yezona nzuzo zibalulekileyo zenkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo kukukwazi ukubonelela ngohlaziyo lwe-inventory yexesha langempela. Ngokukhawuleza xa ukuthengiswa okanye ukuthengwa kwenzeka, inkqubo ilungisa i-akhawunti ye-inventory ngokuzenzekelayo, ivumela amashishini ukuba ahlale phezu kwamanqanaba esitokhwe kwaye agweme imiba efana nokugqithisa okanye ukuphuma.

Ukuchaneka Okunyukileyo

Ngokusebenzisa ibarcode okanye ukuskena kweRFID, amashishini anokunciphisa umngcipheko wempazamo yomntu ekulandeleni uluhlu. Into nganye irekhodwa ngokuchanekileyo njengoko ihamba kwikhonkco lokubonelela, iqinisekisa ukuba iirekhodi ze-inventri zibonisa eyona mpahla ikhoyo. Oku kunokunceda amashishini asombulule nakuphi na ukungangqinelani phakathi kwe-inventri erekhodiweyo kunye nokwenyani ngexesha lophicotho-zincwadi okanye ukubalwa koluhlu lwezinto eziphathekayo.

Ukuphuculwa koLawulo lweMpahla

Inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo yenza kube lula ulawulo lwe-inventri ngokuvumela abaphathi ukuba bagcine umkhondo osondeleyo wamanqanaba esitokhwe, amanqaku okucwangcisa ngokutsha, kunye nempilo ye-inventri ngokubanzi. Eli nqanaba lolawulo likhokelela kulawulo lwe-inventri olusebenzayo, apho amashishini anokwandisa amanqanaba esitokhwe ukuhlangabezana nemfuno ngelixa kuncitshiswa uluhlu lwezinto ezingaphezulu.

Ugcino lweendleko kunye noKusebenza kakuhle

Ukuzenzekelayo kunciphisa imfuno yokubala ngesandla kunye nokuxolelana rhoqo, ukukhulula ixesha lokuba abasebenzi bagxininise eminye imisebenzi. Ngaphezu koko, idatha yexesha lokwenyani inceda amashishini enze izigqibo ezikhawulezayo, ezichanekileyo malunga nee-odolo zokuthenga kunye nokuzaliseka kweodolo. Oku kunokubangela iindleko eziphantsi zokusebenza kunye nokuphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba iimveliso ezifanelekileyo zihlala zikhona.

Ukuthathwa kwezigqibo

Ngedatha yexesha lokwenyani kwi-inventri kunye nezezimali, amashishini anokwenza izigqibo ezingcono malunga namaxabiso, uqikelelo lwemfuno, kunye nolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela. Inkqubo ibonelela ngeembono eziphambili apho iimveliso zithengiswa kakuhle kwaye zeziphi ezinokudinga ulawulo olucwangcisiweyo, okuvumela iinkampani ukuba zilungelelanise amaqhinga azo kubhabho.

Inkqubo yoLwabiwo oluPheleleyo kunye neendlela zoVavanyo lweMpahla

Amashishini asebenzisa inkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo asengasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokubaluleka kwe-inventri ukubala i-COGS kunye nokuphela kwe-inventri, kuquka i-FIFO (i-First-In, First-Out), i-LIFO (i-Last-In, i-First-Out), kunye ne-weighted average cost.

• I-FIFO ithatha ukuba izinto ze-inventri ezindala zithengiswa kuqala, nto leyo ixhaphakileyo kumashishini ajongene nempahla etshabalalayo okanye izinto ezinemihla yokuphelelwa kwayo. 
• I-LIFO ithatha ukuba i-inventri entsha ithengiswa kuqala, enokuba luncedo kumashishini apho iimveliso zamva nje zibekwe phambili, nangona ingaqhelekanga ngenxa yezithintelo phantsi kwemigangatho ethile yocwangciso.
• I-Weighted Average Cost ibala i-avareji yeendleko ze-inventri kwixesha elithile. Le ndlela inokuphelisa ukuhla kweendleko kwaye iluncedo kumashishini ajongene namaxabiso emveliso angaguqukiyo.

Ngokudibanisa inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo kunye nezi ndlela zokuxabisa, amashishini anokuqinisekisa ukuba iirekhodi zabo zoluhlu zichanekile kwaye ziyahambelana nemigangatho yazo yengxelo yemali.

Ubikezelo kunye nokuPhuculwa kweMpahla

Inkqubo yoluhlu lwempahla engapheliyo idlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqikelelo lwemfuno kunye nokwandisa amanqanaba oluhlu. Ekubeni ibonelela ngokubonakala kwexesha lokwenyani kumanqanaba esitokhwe kunye neendlela zokuthengisa, amashishini anokusebenzisa idatha ukuqikelela imfuno yexesha elizayo ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi. Oku kwenza ukuba iinkampani zikwazi ukugcina awona manqanaba aphezulu e-inventri, ukunciphisa iindleko zokuthwala, kunye nokuthintela ukuphela kwamayeza okanye ukugcwala.

Ngokomzekelo, isoftware yolawulo lwempahla edityaniswe nenkqubo yoluhlu lwempahla engapheliyo inokunceda amashishini ahlalutye idatha yokuthengisa edlulileyo ukumisela amanqaku okuphinda alungelelanise imveliso nganye. Inkqubo inokuncedisa ekulawuleni ukuguquguquka kwamaxesha onyaka okanye ukulungiselela amaxesha anemfuno ephezulu, iqinisekisa ukuba ishishini linenani elifanelekileyo le-inventri ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi.

Indima ye-Automation kuLawulo lwe-Inventory olungapheliyo

I-automation ingundoqo kwimpumelelo yenkqubo ye-inventory engapheliyo. Izikena zebhakhowudi, itekhnoloji yeRFID, kunye neenkqubo zokuthengisa zezinye zezixhobo eziphambili ezenza umkhondo woluhlu lwempahla ngokuzenzekelayo. Ezi teknoloji ziqinisekisa ukuba idatha ihlaziywa ngokuzenzekelayo nanini na xa uluhlu lwempahla lufunyenwe, luthengiswa, okanye lugqithiselwa phakathi kweendawo.

Ngaphaya koko, isoftware yolawulo lwempahla ivumela amashishini ukuba alungelelanise iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo, ezinjengokudala iodolo yokuthenga, ukuzaliswa kwempahla, kunye nolawulo lwesitora. Nge-automation, inkqubo inokwazisa abaphathi xa amanqanaba esitokhwe ephantsi, ukuthintela ukuphela kwamasheya kunye nokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa kwakhona ngexesha.

Imingeni yeeNkqubo zeMpahla zeMpahla

Ngelixa inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi, iza nemingeni, ngakumbi kumashishini amancinci. Omnye umceli mngeni lixabiso lokuqala lokuphumeza inkqubo, ngakumbi xa idibanisa nobuchwepheshe obuphambili njenge-RFID okanye ukuskena kwebhakhowudi. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ndleko zihlala zihlanjululwa ngeenzuzo zexesha elide zokuchaneka okuphuculweyo, ukunciphisa abasebenzi, kunye nokulawulwa kwe-inventory engcono.

Omnye umceli-mngeni kukuqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo igcinwa ngokuchanekileyo. Nokuba i-automation, impazamo yomntu inokwenzeka ukuba abasebenzi abazilandeli iinkqubo ezifanelekileyo zokuskena okanye ukuba itekhnoloji ayihlaziywa rhoqo. Ubalo oluthe gqolo lwe-inventri ebonakalayo lusafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba iirekhodi zenkqubo engapheliyo zihambelana noluhlu lweempahla olululo.

Ngezantsi: Ikamva loLawulo lweMpahla

Inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo iguqula indlela amashishini alawula ngayo uluhlu lwempahla, inikezela ngolwazi lwexesha lokwenyani, ukuchaneka okukhulu, kunye nolawulo oluphuculweyo. Ngokusebenzisa le nkqubo ecaleni kwe-automation kunye nokuyidibanisa nobuchwepheshe obuphambili njenge-RFID kunye ne-barcode scanners, iinkampani zinokuphucula ngokubonakalayo iinkqubo zazo zolawulo lwe-inventri, zinciphise iindleko, kwaye zonyuse ukwaneliseka kwabathengi.

Njengoko urhwebo lwe-ecommerce kunye nekhonkco lobonelelo oluntsonkothileyo luqhubeka nokukhula, ukwamkela inkqubo ye-inventri engapheliyo kuba yimfuneko kumashishini ajonge ukuhlala ekhuphisana. Ngedatha yexesha lokwenyani ezandleni zabo, amashishini anokwenza izigqibo ezinolwazi ngakumbi, andise amanqanaba oluhlu lwempahla, kwaye alungelelanise lonke ikhonkco lokubonelela. Nokuba iyanciphisa i-COGS, iphucula ulawulo lwendawo yokugcina izinto, okanye iphucula ukwaneliseka kwabathengi, inkqubo yogcino-mpahla engapheliyo sisixhobo esibalulekileyo esizisa iinzuzo ezihlala zihleli.

Umthombo ovela ULungiselelo lweDCL

Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olubekwe ngasentla lunikezelwa yi-dclcorp.com ngaphandle kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi lumelo kunye neziqinisekiso malunga nomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi kunye neemveliso. I-Chovm.com ikhupha ngokucacileyo naliphi na ityala lokwaphulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela umxholo.