Ukwambathisa ngesinyithi vs. UkuPtywa: Uyintoni Umahluko?

Zombini ukugquma kwesinyithi kunye nokucwenga ziinkqubo ezisetyenziselwa ukufaka umaleko okhuselayo kumphezulu. I Ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi yeengubo zentsimbi ibamba ixabiso le-15.3 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022. Ngo-2032, ubungakanani kulindeleke ukuba bukhule kwi-CAGR ye-6.9% ukuya kwi-30.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola.

Ukufakwa kwentsimbi ubungakanani bemarike yehlabathi yayixabisa i-13.49 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2020. Eli nani kulindeleke ukuba linyuke liye kwi-16.89 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028 kwi-CAGR ye-3.26% ukusuka kwi-2021 ukuya ku-2028.

Isiqulatho
Yintoni ukutyabeka ngentsimbi?
Yintoni ukucwenga kwentsimbi?
Umahluko phakathi kokwaleka kwentsimbi kunye nokwaleka
isiphelo

Yintoni ukutyabeka ngentsimbi?

Ukwaleka bubuchule bokusebenzisa umaleko kumphezulu wento kusetyenziswa ukwakheka kweekhemikhali okanye a powder. Into efakwa kuyo i-coating yaziwa ngokuba yi-substrate. Zingaba yizinto ezinzima ezihluka kwiintsimbi ukuya kwiplastiki kunye neglasi. Ingubo ingaba igcwele okanye iyingxenye.

Indlela yokwaleka isinyithi isebenza

Iingcali zinokusebenzisa ibrashi ukufaka isicelo izinto zokugquma ngesandla kwi-substrate. Enye indlela iquka ukusetyenziswa koomatshini abathi nkxu into ekuqulunqweni kwayo baze bayijikelezise ngokukhawuleza ukuphelisa nakuphi na ukugqithisela.

Xa into iphilisa, iyakwazi ukumelana namanzi kunye nomhlwa, yandisa ubomi bayo. Ubuninzi kunye nohlobo lwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo zichaza ukusebenza kakuhle kwengubo esetyenziswe kwi-substrate.

Iintlobo zokwaleka ezikhoyo kwimarike namhlanje;

I-zinc flake yokugquma: Ubukhulu becala isetyenziswe kwisithuthi kunye namalungu oomatshini, i-coating inika ukhuseleko ekugugeni kunye nokukrazula okubangelwa ngamanzi anetyuwa. I-zinc flakes iphinda ikhulise ukukhuselwa kwiimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo.

I-zinc phosphate kunye neoli yokugcoba: Le nto yokwaleka inika izinto ezimnyama ezifanayo ezinokugcina ioli kwaye zixhathise umhlwa. Isebenza kakuhle koomatshini bokwakha kunye nezithuthi ezinzima.

Umnyama oxide: Olu tyaba lusetyenziswa kumatshini onzima asetyenziswa ngaphakathi endlini aphethe imithwalo yemisebenzi yemihla ngemihla. I-oksidi emnyama ibanceda ukuba baxhathise umhlwa.

Ezi zicelo zokugquma zinika umphezulu ikhuselo lokukhusela. Ezinye iintlobo zokwaleka njengepeyinti kunye nedayi zibalulekile ekuhombiseni.

eziluncedo

• Ukunyuka kokusebenza kwezinto
• Ukuncipha kokusetyenziswa kombane

neengozi

• Isebenza kakuhle kwizinto ezingavezwanga kukudleka okuninzi
• Ifuna ukuphinda isetyenziswe xa iphelile

Yintoni ukucwenga kwentsimbi?

I-Plating yinkqubo yokubeka isinyithi kwindawo eqhubayo. Ubuchwephesha abukho butsha njengoko busetyenziswe amakhulu eminyaka ukongeza iipropathi kwiintsimbi. Umzekelo we-plating kukubeka ubucwebe ngesilivere okanye igolide.

Indlela ukucwenga kwesinyithi kusebenza ngayo

Kukho iindlela ezimbini ezenzeka ngayo ukucwenga;

I-Electroplating

Le yindlela ebandakanya ukusebenzisa i-ionic metal ukunika i-electron kwi-substrate kwaye ngaloo ndlela yenze i-non-ionic yokwambathisa kumphezulu wayo. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kukudipha into enyityilisiweyo kwisisombululo esine-ion kunye ne-cathode kunye ne-anode eya kubonelela ngee-electron.

Ifilimu ye-non-ionic metal yenziwa kwisinyithi nge-electrolysis. Le ndlela isetyenziswa kwishishini lokwenziwa kwezithuthi, ishishini lamalungu e-elektroniki, kunye namasebe okukhusela ukubola.

I-electroless plating

Le ndlela yokucoca ibandakanya ukuphendula into yesinyithi kwisisombululo samanzi sokongeza ifilimu kwintsimbi. Ukusabela kweekhemikhali apha akufuni mthombo wombane. Umzekelo we-electroless plating yi-nickel electroless plating esetyenziswa kwishishini le-aerospace.

Ezinye iindlela ezimbini zokucwenga ziquka ukubekelwa isitshizi kunye nokubekwa komphunga phantsi kwesifunxa.

Ukwahluka okuthe ngqo kokutyalwa kwiimarike namhlanje zezi zilandelayo;

Nesingxobo segolide: Ii-substrates ezityalwayo ubukhulu becala zizinto eziqhubayo ezifana nobhedu olusetyenziswa kwiingcingo kunye neebhodi zesekethe ukuzinceda ekuxhathiseni ukuhlwa. Ii-non-coductors ezifana neglasi kunye neplastiki nazo zinokutyalwa ngegolide ngenxa yezizathu zobuhle.

Ukufakwa kwe-Chrome: I-Chrome plating ayithinteli kuphela ukubola kodwa inika indawo ekhanyayo ngeenjongo zokuhombisa. Isetyenziswe kwicandelo lezemoto (amavili kunye nezinye iipaneli zomzimba wezithuthi).

Ukufakwa kwesilivere: Isetyenziswa kumashishini amaninzi, kubandakanywa ukwenziwa kwezixhobo zomculo kunye nokwenza ubucwebe.

I-Zinc plating: Izinto ezenziwe ngentsimbi zinokuba i-zinc-plated ukubanceda ukumelana ne-oxidation. Abavelisi be-Hardware abasebenzisa insimbi engenasici okanye i-aluminiyam basebenzisa i-zinc kumaxesha amaninzi ekubekweni.

Ukufakwa kobhedu: Yenye indawo kunesilivere kuba inexabiso eliphantsi kwaye ifumaneka lula.

Ukufakwa kwetoti: I-Tin ingasetyenziswa kwiindidi ezininzi zesiseko sesinyithi. Eyona nto isetyenziswayo kumashishini okulungisa ukutya ukwenza iinkonkxa zokutya. Iipropathi zeTin ezingeyotyhefu kunye ne-corrosion-resistance ziyenza ibe yeyona nto ifanelekileyo yokwaleka. Nangona kunjalo, le mpahla ayifanelekanga kwi-plating steel.

Ukufakwa kwealloyi: Izinto zinokuba ne-coating zenza iintsimbi ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu njenge-electrolyte yazo. Umzekelo we-alloy plating yi-nickel-cobalt, enika izinto eziphathekayo ezinamandla abalaseleyo. Abavelisi bezixhobo ezinzima basebenzisa i-alloy plating kwiimveliso zabo.

eziluncedo

• Ukusetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lweentsimbi
• Ukunyuka kokuqina kunye nokuqina kweentsimbi

neengozi

• Iintanda kunye neetshiphusi xa zisesichengeni sokusingqongileyo

Umahluko phakathi kokwaleka kwentsimbi kunye nokwaleka

Substrate

I-substrates yokwambathisa ingaba naluphi na uhlobo lomhlaba, zombini abaqhubi kunye ne-semiconductors yombane. Ziquka umphezulu wentsimbi, iglasi, irabha, iinkuni, iithayile, kunye neplastiki.

Ii-substrates zokucwenga ziintsimbi eziqhubayo kuphela. Azibandakanyi iglasi, irabha, iinkuni, iithayile, kunye nezinto zeplastiki.

Usebenzisa

Abantu basebenzisa i-coating ukuqinisa ukunamathela, ukuxhathisa ukubola, njl.

I-Plating isebenza ngcono kwiinjongo ezininzi ezinje ngemihombiso, ukuphucula ukuqina, ukuqina, ukunciphisa ukungqubana, ukukhuselwa kwimitha, njl.

inkcazelo

Ukwaleka kukugquma umphezulu wento ngokuwuthi nkxu kwibhafu yekhemikhali. Ukucwenga kukufakwa kwesinyithi kwindawo eqhubayo ukongeza umaleko okhuselayo.

inkqubo

Ukugubungela, i-substrate inokucwiliswa kwindawo yokuhlamba imichiza kunye ne-complex matshini. Iingcali nazo ziyakwazi ukugqoka ngesandla ngebrashi.

Ukucwenga kubandakanya ukusetyenziswa kwe-electrolysis okanye ukuphendula kwangaxeshanye kumphezulu wesinyithi.

isiphelo

Zombini iplating kunye nokwaleka ziindlela ezisebenzayo zokukhusela umphezulu kwizinto ezirhabaxa kunye nokomeleza ukuqina. Nangona kunjalo, kwi-inshorensi yexesha elide, nangona zibiza, iiplatings zisebenza bhetele kunezogquma. Iingubo zokwaleka zinika enye indlela efikelelekayo yexesha elifutshane kunomhlwa. Isishwankathelo, esi sikhokelo sinika umahluko phakathi kokwaleka kwentsimbi kunye nokufakwa, kunye neenzuzo zabo kunye nokubi.