Ukuqhubela phambili kwezobuchwepheshe kuzise utshintsho oluninzi kwimoto yanamhlanje. Ngokungafaniyo neenqwelo zexesha elidlulileyo, ezifuna ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo komatshini, imoto yanamhlanje inezixhobo ezininzi zombane. La macandelo anceda ngokubeka iliso kunye nokulawula izithuthi ngelixa uziphatha.
Iinzwa zemoto ziphakathi kwezinto zombane kwizithuthi zanamhlanje. Bancedisa ekubekeni iliso kwimeko yemoto kwaye bazise abasebenzisi ukuba benze uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo. Eli nqaku lichaza iindlela ezahlukeneyo zoluvo lwezithuthi kunye nemisebenzi yazo.
Isiqulatho
Ziziphi izixhobo zoluvo lwezithuthi?
Iindlela zentengiso ye-sensor yemoto yehlabathi
Imisebenzi yezivamvo zezithuthi
Iintlobo zezivamvo zezithuthi
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungonakali kwezinzwa zemoto
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Iingcamango zokugqibela
Ziziphi izixhobo zoluvo lwezithuthi?
Iinzwa zemoto okanye iisenso zemoto zizixhobo zombane ezilandelela imiba eyahlukeneyo yesithuthi. Bayakwazi ukubeka iliso kubushushu bemoto, uxinzelelo, kunye nesantya, baze baxelele umqhubi ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo. Basenokuthumela ulwazi ngokuzenzekelayo kwiyunithi yolawulo lwekhompyutha (ECU) ukwenza utshintsho oluyimfuneko.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zeenzwa zemoto ezenzelwe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Zilungiswe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto, kubandakanywa injini, itanki yamafutha, i-exhaust manifold, kunye negumbi lokutshisa.
Iindlela zentengiso ye-sensor yemoto yehlabathi
The Imarike yesivamvo semoto yehlabathi yayixabisa kwi-US $ 10.10 yezigidigidi ngo-2021 kwaye imiselwe ukuba ifike kwi-US $ 15.6 yebhiliyoni yamanqaku ngo-2028.
Ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kweemarike kuphuma kwiinzuzo zeenzwa. Banceda abaqhubi bahlole indlela ezisetyenziswa ngayo amafutha ezithuthi, isantya sazo kunye nexesha lokulungisa iindawo ezahlukeneyo zemoto. Ngaphezu koko, balumkisa abaqhubi ngengozi ezayo ngokubona imiqobo nokutshintsha kwemozulu.
Imakethi yehlabathi yezinzwa zezithuthi kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kukhula ngo-2023 nangaphaya njengoko abaqhubi beenqwelo-mafutha besamkela iimoto ezifakwe kwidijithali ukuqhuba lula nokukhuselekileyo. Ngapha koko, izixhobo zoluvo zibalulekile ekuthinteleni iingozi ezindleleni ngokuthumela izilumkiso kubaqhubi.
Imisebenzi yezivamvo zezithuthi
Umsebenzi ophambili weenzwa zemoto kukubona utshintsho ekusebenzeni kunye neemeko zemoto kunye nokuthumela ulwazi kwi-ECU. Iyunithi yokulawula i-elektroniki inokwenza uhlengahlengiso oluyimfuneko okanye ithumele isilumkiso kumqhubi ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo.
Eminye imisebenzi yezinzwa ezahlukeneyo ibandakanya:
- Ukubeka iliso kwimiba eyahlukeneyo yemoto efana nobushushu, isixa seoksijini, kunye nesantya
- Ukuthumela ulwazi kwi-ECU ukwenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo ngokuzenzekelayo okanye ukulumkisa umqhubi
- Ukwazisa umqhubi xa kufuneka enze ulondolozo lwesiqhelo kwisithuthi
- Ukubona ubukho beegesi ezinobungozi ezifana nenitrogen dioxide kwi-exhaust kwaye ulumkise umqhubi ukuba athathe amanyathelo okhuseleko
- Ukuqinisekisa ukuba umxube wamafutha kwitanki uyavutha ngokuchanekileyo ukuthintela inkcitho
Iintlobo zezivamvo zezithuthi
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zezithuthi boluvo kwimarike namhlanje. Ziyilelwe imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo, ukusuka esweni ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha ukuya imeko yomoya kunye nesantya semoto. Ziquka oku kulandelayo:
Isivamvo sokuhamba komoya
Ukuhamba komoya woluvo ijonga ukuxinana komoya kwigumbi lokutsha le-injini. Oku kunceda ukugcina umlinganiselo ochanekileyo womxube we-air-fuel ukwenzela ubuninzi bemveliso yamandla. Izixa ezisezantsi zeoksijini zikhokelela ekutshisweni okungaphelelanga kwamafutha, okubangela inkunkuma.
Le sensor inceda ukunciphisa inkunkuma yamafutha kunye nokunqanda ukusilela kwe-injini.
Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza kwe-injini
Isivamvo sokunkqonkqoza kwe-injini sibekwe kwigumbi lokutsha le-injini. Ibona ukutshiswa kwepetroli okungalunganga, okunokubangela ukunkqonkqoza kunye nokuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini.
Xa umxube womoya wamafutha uvutha phambi kokuba iintlantsi zeplagi, i injini yokunkqonkqoza isivamvo ilumkisa umqhubi ukuba enze uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo.
Uluvo lwesantya senjini
Esi sixhobo ilandelela isantya senjini ngokujonga indawo kunye nesantya secrankshaft. Ifakwe kwi-shaft, ibona indawo yayo kwaye idlulisele ulwazi kwi-ECU, emisela ixesha lokujova i-fuel injection.
Oku kunceda i-ECU ivule i-spark plug ngexesha ukuze ivelise intlantsi yokutshisa amafutha.
Isivamvo sendawo yeCamshaft
Esi sixhobo ijonga indawo yecamshaft kunye nesantya. Ibona ukuvulwa kunye nokuvalwa kweevalve zecamshaft kunye neemvakalelo xa zisondela kwiziko eliphezulu lokufa (TDC). I-sensor yendawo ye-camshaft isebenza kunye ne-injini ye-injini ukuqinisekisa ukutshisa okuchanekileyo.
Inzwa yoxinzelelo olupheleleyo (MAP)
The Inzwa ye-MAP ibeka iliso kuxinzelelo oluninzi lwesithuthi kwaye idlulisela ulwazi kwikhompyuter yenjini. Oku kuqinisekisa umlinganiselo ochanekileyo we-air-fuel kwimveliso yamandla egqwesileyo. Ikwachazela i-ECU ngomoshwa kwamafutha.
Isantya sensor
The isivamvo sesantya semoto (VSS) ijonga isantya sevili. Ithumela ulwazi kwiyunithi yokulawula injini, eguqula umlinganiselo we-air-fuel kunye nexesha lokutshisa ukulawula isantya.
Isivamvo sombane
The inzwa yombane ilawula isantya sevili kwaye iqinisekisa ukuba yandiswa okanye yehliswe ngokufanelekileyo. Xa isantya sesithuthi sifikelela kubukhulu baso, i-sensor idlulisela ulwazi kwiyunithi ye-elektroniki ukumisa imoto, ukuze ugweme umonakalo we-injini.
Isivamisi seoksijini
The isivamvo oxygen ukulandelela amanqanaba e-oksijini kwi-injini yakho. Ifumaneka kufuphi ne-exhaust manifold, ithelekisa inqanaba le-oxygen kwi-injini kunye nangaphandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho okwaneleyo ukusetyenziswa kwepetroli ngeyona ndlela.
Isivamvo sendawo ye-Throttle
The isivamvo indawo yokubamba (I-TPS) ibekwe kwi-butterfly shaft kwaye ibeka iliso ekungeneni komoya we-injini. Ilinganisa ubungakanani apho i-valve ye-throttle ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe ukulinganisa ubungakanani bokungena komoya. Ukutyhala okungaphaya kwe-pedal kuthetha ukungena komoya okuphezulu, kwaye inzwa ibonakalisa i-ECU ngokufanelekileyo.
Inzwa yeqondo lokushisa
Yaziwa nangokuthi isivamvo lobushushu njengesipholisi, esi sixhobo sijonga ubushushu be-injini yokupholisa. Ukuba ufundo luphezulu, lubathumela kwiyunithi yokulawula i-injini, elungisa ukuvutha kwamafutha ukulawula ubushushu.
Inzwa yemvula
A inzwa yemvula yemoto ibhaqa imvula kwaye idlulisele umyalezo kwisixokelelwano solawulo sombane. I-ECU ithumela i-wiper yokucima i-windscreen ukuthintela ukungena kwamanzi emvula ngaphakathi kwemoto. Ikwaphucula ukubonakala ngokugcina i-windscreen icacile.
Izinto eziluncedo kunye nokungonakali kwezinzwa zemoto
Izinzwa zemoto zinceda abaqhubi ukuba bakhwele ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye zibalumkise ngengozi ezayo. Nazi ezinye iingenelo kunye nokungonakali kwezinzwa zemoto.
eziluncedo
- Banceda abaqhubi babone izinto ezonakeleyo
- Banceda ukugcina injini
- Ulawulo lwemoto oluzenzekelayo lwenza ukuba kube lula ukuqhuba
- Bathumela izilumkiso kubaqhubi kwaye bancede ukuphepha iingozi
- I-ECU yenza uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo kwangexesha ukuze kuncitshiswe umonakalo wesithuthi kunye nokumoshakala kwamafutha
nezingeloncedo
- Izibonisi zoluvo ezingalunganga zikhokelela kumonakalo we-injini
- Kuyabiza ukuzifaka kunye nokuzigcina
- Izinzwa zomgangatho ophantsi zifuna ukutshintshwa rhoqo oko kuyabiza
- Babona kuphela imiqobo ngaphambili okanye emva kwemoto kodwa basilele ukubhaqa esecaleni
Imibuzo ebuzwa qho
Yintoni inzwa yemoto?
Inzwa yemoto sisixhobo sombane esilandelela iinkalo ezahlukeneyo zesithuthi kwaye sibuyisela ulwazi kwi-ECU okanye silumkise umqhubi ukuba enze utshintsho olufanelekileyo.
Yeyiphi imisebenzi yezivamvo zemoto?
Iinzwa zemoto zijonga utshintsho kwiinkalo ezahlukeneyo zezithuthi kwaye zidlulisele ulwazi kwi-ECU ukulungiselela uhlengahlengiso olufanelekileyo okanye isilumkiso esifike ngexesha kumqhubi.
Zeziphi ezona zivamvo zenjini yemoto?
Zininzi izivamvo zenjini yemoto. Ezona zibalulekileyo eziqinisekisa ukuba injini igcinwe kakuhle ibandakanya isantya se-injini, inzwa epholileyo, i-camshaft sensor, kunye ne-air-fuel sensor.
Ngaba isivamvo sobushushu siyafana neseva yobushushu bamafutha?
Hayi. Isivamvo sobushushu sijonga indlela eshushu ngayo i-injini ngelixa isivamvo sobushushu bamafutha sijonga ubushushu be-injini.
Yeyiphi eyona sensor ibalulekileyo kwimoto?
Inzwa yesantya se-injini, i-oxygen sensor, kunye ne-mass flow sensors zibalulekile kuba ziqinisekisa ukuqhuba ngokufanelekileyo, ukhuseleko kunye nokugcinwa kwe-injini.
Iingcamango zokugqibela
Izinzwa zemoto zenza ukuqhuba kube lula kwaye kukhuseleke kubaqhubi. Bakwaphucula ukulondolozwa kwemoto ngokubona iindawo ezineempazamo kunye nokuthumela izilumkiso kubaqhubi. Ukhetho olufanelekileyo lwezivamvo zemoto lubalulekile kugcino lwemoto nokugcina amafutha. Ngaphezu koko, baphucula ukhuseleko ezindleleni ngokuziva imiqobo.
Khetha ilungelo abenzi boluvo lwezithuthi iimoto kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kwazo.
