Idatha ye-EPA ibonisa ukuba ikhaya eliqhelekileyo laseMelika lichitha ngaphezu kwe-180 iilitha zamanzi ngeveki. Idata kumashishini kunye nokumoshakala kwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso ngokusebenzisa iitepu ezivuzayo, imibhobho yamanzi engasebenzi kakuhle, kunye neenkqubo zokunkcenkceshela ezingasebenzi kakuhle zibonisa eli nani ukuba liphezulu nangakumbi.
Ngaphandle kokonakalisa okusingqongileyo, le nkcitho ichitha iingeniso ozisebenze nzima kwaye ichaphazela ukuqhubeka kweshishini. Kodwa kukho iindlela ezingcono zokulawula le ngxaki, kukutyalomali kumanzi amdaka ebesezisetyenzisiwe inkqubo.
Kwesi sikhokelo sibanzi, sizakuhamba nawe kwi-ins kunye nokuphuma ekukhetheni eyona nkqubo ifanelekileyo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi kwishishini lakho. Uya kufumanisa indlela yokonga amanzi, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokunciphisa impembelelo yakho yokusingqongileyo.
Isiqulatho
Ukuqonda ngokutsha amanzi amdaka
Isishwankathelo semalike yehlabathi yeenkqubo zokurisayikilishwa kwamanzi amdaka
Iindidi zeenkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka?
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka
Yamkela inguquko yamanzi amdaka!
Ii-FAQ zeenkqubo zokurisayikilishwa kwamanzi amdaka
Ukuqonda ngokutsha amanzi amdaka
Ukurisayikilishwa kweGreywater yingcamango ebalulekileyo kulawulo lwamanzi oluzinzileyo. Kwaye ukuqonda ukubaluleka kwayo kwishishini lakho, makhe siphengulule ukuba yintoni amanzi amdaka kunye nendlela yokuwarisayikilisha.
Yintoni amanzi angwevu?
IGreywater ngamanzi asetyenziswa ngobunono aphuma kwishawari, iisinki zamagumbi okuhlambela, izitya zokuhlambela izandla, kunye noomatshini bokuhlamba impahla basekhaya. Ikwabhekiselele kumanzi amdaka angeyongozi asuka kwiinkqubo zemizi-mveliso ezifana nezi:
- Imisebenzi yokuhlamba kunye nokucoca
- Amanzi ashushu
- Ucoceko olungasetyenziswayo
- Ukulungiswa kokutya nesiselo
Yahlukile kumanzi kwiisinki zasekhitshini nakwizindlu zangasese (amanzi amnyama).
Yintoni inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka?
Iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha zeGreywater ziqokelela, zicoca, kwaye ziphinde zisebenzise amanzi amdaka ngeenjongo ezahlukeneyo. Nje ukuba inkqubo iqokelele amanzi angwevu kwitanki yokuhlamba, iyahluza, ibulale iintsholongwane, ize iwagcine ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe. Ngelixa amanzi engakhuselekanga ukuba angasetyenziswa ngabantu, ishishini linokunciphisa amatyala ngokuphinda lisebenzise amanzi acociweyo.
Isishwankathelo semalike yehlabathi yeenkqubo zokurisayikilishwa kwamanzi amdaka
Ngoku ka Iinkcukacha-manani zeMarike neMarike, Imakethi yokuphinda isetyenziswe kwakhona amanzi kulindeleke ukuba ikhule ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiweyo (CAGR) se-10.8% ukusuka kwi-16.1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ukuya kwi-27.0 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngexesha lika-2023-2028.
Amakhaya, amashishini, kunye nemizi-mveliso ibhenela ekusetyenzisweni ngokutsha kwamanzi ukuze kucuthwe amatyala amanzi nokuba nefuthe elincomekayo kokusingqongileyo.
Enye into ephembelela ukukhula okukhawulezayo kweenkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka kukunqongophala kwamanzi okubangelwa:
- Abemi basezidolophini eziphezulu
- Imo iyatshintsha
- Ungcoliseko lwamanzi akwimizi-mveliso, asekhaya nakwezolimo.
Ezi zinto zidala urhwebo lweenkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka.
Iinzuzo zokusebenzisa kwakhona amanzi amdaka kushishino
I-Greywater recycling ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo kumashishini, kubandakanya:
- Ulondolozo lwamanzi: Ukurisayikilishwa kunye nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi amdaka ngeenjongo ezingaselwayo ezifana nokugungxulwa kwezindlu zangasese, ukunkcenkceshela ngokwembonakalo-mhlaba, kunye neenkqubo zemizi-mveliso kunokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwishishini.
- Ukugcina iindleko: Ukurisayikilisha nokusebenzisa amanzi amdaka kwindawo kuthetha ukuba amashishini anokunciphisa imfuno yawo yamanzi ahlaziyekileyo, nto leyo ethoba amatyala amanzi.
- Impembelelo yendalo: Yehlisa umthwalo kumaziko kamasipala okucoca amanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla anxulumeneyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.
- Ukuthotyelwa komthetho: Ukuba uqhuba ishishini kwimimandla enokunqongophala kwamanzi okanye izithintelo zokusetyenziswa kwamanzi, ukurisayikilishwa kwamanzi amdaka kunokukunceda ukuthobela imigaqo kwaye uphephe izohlwayo.
- Ukusebenza kakuhle kwezibonelelo: Ukurisayikilishwa kwamanzi angwevu kuvumela amashishini ukuba aphucule ukusetyenziswa kobutyebi kunye nokunciphisa ukwenziwa kwenkunkuma.
Ngokusekwe kwezi zibonelelo zingentla, inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka lutyalo-mali olufanelekileyo kumashishini nakumashishini. Ngoku makhe sixoxe ngenkqubo onokuthi uyifakele ishishini lakho.
Iindidi zeenkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka?
Ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zabo ezithile, amashishini, kunye nemizi inokufaka iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuphinda zisetyenziswe emanzini amdaka. Eli candelo lixoxa ngeentlobo ezintathu eziphambili kunye neenzuzo kunye neengxaki zazo.
Iinkqubo zokuhluza ezisisiseko
Basebenzisa iindlela ezilula zokuhluza ukususa izinto eziqinileyo kunye namasuntswana amakhulu kumanzi angwevu. Kwaye zilula ngokwentelekiso, ziyabiza, kwaye zilungele usetyenziso olukwizinga elincinci.
eziluncedo
- Ziyonga iindleko, kungoko zifikeleleka kumashishini anohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olunyiniweyo.
- Iinkqubo zokuhluza ezisisiseko kulula ukuzisebenzisa nokuzigcina.
- Ziyakwazi ukunyanga amanzi angwevu kwizinto ezingaselwayo ezifana nokugungxulwa kwezindlu zangasese, ukunkcenkceshela, okanye iinkqubo zemizi-mveliso ezingadingi manzi akumgangatho ophezulu.
- Unokuzilungelelanisa ukuba zihlangabezane neemfuno ezikhethekileyo zamashishini kunye nesikali.
neengozi
- Umthamo wonyango olulinganiselweyo njengoko ugxile kuphela ekususeni amaqhekeza amakhulu kunye nenkunkuma.
- Amanzi angwevu acociweyo kwiinkqubo ezisisiseko zokuhluza anemida kuhlobo lokuphinda asetyenziswe ngenxa yomgangatho wawo.
- Iinkqubo zokuhluza ezisisiseko zichaphazeleka kwivumba elibi kunye nokukhula kwe-microbial ukuba zilawulwa ngokungafanelekanga.
Iinkqubo zonyango lwebhayoloji
Le nkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka isebenzisa iinkqubo zebhayoloji zendalo ukunyanga nokucoca amanzi angwevu ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe. Inkqubo isebenzisa ii-microorganisms, izityalo, okanye zombini ukususa ukungcola kunye nokungcola emanzini.
eziluncedo
- Zihambelana nemigaqo ezinzileyo kwaye zikhuthaza izenzo ezihambelana nokusingqongileyo.
- Zifuna amandla amancinci ukuze zisebenze kwaye zigcinwe.
- Banokuphatha imithombo eyahlukeneyo yamanzi amdaka kunye nemiqulu evela kumashishini kunye nezicwangciso zorhwebo.
- Ziyakwazi ukususa izondlo kwaye ziququzelele ukusetyenzwa kwakhona kwamanzi angwevu ekukhuleni kwezityalo.
neengozi
- Iinkqubo zonyango lwebhayoloji zifuna indawo eninzi kunezinye iitekhnoloji zonyango.
- Iinkqubo zithatha ixesha elide kuneendlela zonyango zoomatshini okanye iikhemikhali.
- Ukuyila kunye nokusebenza kweenkqubo zonyango lwebhayoloji kufuna ulwazi olulodwa kunye nobuchule.
- Banochuku kubushushu nakwimozulu.
Iinkqubo zonyango eziphezulu
Iisistim zonyango ezikwinqanaba eliphezulu zizixokelelwano zokuphinda zisetyenziswe kumanzi angwevu kunye nobuchwepheshe obuntsonkothileyo bokucoca kunye nokunyanga amanzi amdaka ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe.
Basebenzisa amanqanaba onyango amaninzi, kuquka:
- Iindlela zokuhluza (ukubuyisela umva i-osmosis okanye i-ultrafiltration).
- Iindlela zokubulala iintsholongwane (i-ultraviolet (UV) ukukhanya okanye i-chlorine disinfection).
- Iinkqubo zemichiza.
Abanini bamashishini banokusebenzisa amanzi angwevu acociweyo aphuma kwezi nkqubo zokunkcenkceshela, ukugungxulwa kwindlu yangasese, kunye neenkqubo ezithile zemizi-mveliso.
eziluncedo
- Umgangatho ophezulu wamanzi.
- Ukuhluka kwezinto.
- Ubuchule obuphezulu bokubulala iintsholongwane ezifana ne-ultraviolet (UV) irradiation kunye ne-ozonation inceda ukuphelisa ii-microorganisms ezinobungozi kumanzi amdaka.
- Inkqubo isusa okanye iyanciphisa ubukho beekhemikhali kunye nongcoliseko, okwenza amanzi alungele ukunkcenkceshela.
neengozi
- Imisebenzi enzima ngamandla.
- Utyalo-mali lwangaphambili oluphezulu.
- Ulondolozo olunzima.
- Iimfuno zesithuba:
Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka
Imiba emininzi engundoqo kufuneka ikhokele ekwenziweni kwezigqibo xa ukhetha eyona nkqubo ifanelekileyo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka yombutho wakho. Ezi ziquka:
Iimfuno zomgangatho wamanzi kusetyenziso olucetywayo
Zeziphi iindlela ekujoliswe kuzo zamanzi angwevu asetyenzisiweyo? Umzekelo, inkqubo yokucoca esisiseko njenge indawo yokucoca amanzi amdaka Tdaf inokwanela abo baceba ukuyisebenzisela ukunkcenkceshela komhlaba.
Nangona kunjalo, ukuba usukelo kukusebenzisa izixhobo zokucoca, ukugungxulwa kwindlu yangasese, okanye ukuhlamba impahla, unokufuna inkqubo yokucoca amanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso ye-UF umgangatho wamanzi ophezulu.
Umthamo wenkqubo kunye nokulinganisa
Kukwabalulekile ukuqwalasela umthamo wamanzi angwevu avelisiweyo ngumbutho wakho kunye nokukhula okulindelekileyo kwixesha elizayo. Khetha inkqubo yokurisayikilisha enokumelana nemfuno yangoku ngelixa uvumela ukukala.
Ukufumaneka kwendawo kunye nokuqwalaselwa kofakelo
Ezinye iinkqubo ezifana ne umva isicoci sesityalo samanzi se-osmosis ngamatanki amakhulu kunye nezixhobo ezongezelelweyo zingadinga indawo eninzi. Ke ngoko, kubalulekile ukuqwalasela imiqobo yendalo yakho phambi kokukhetha inkqubo yokurisayikilisha.
Umzekelo, ukuba usebenzisa indawo yokutyela encinci enendawo encinci yeziseko ezingundoqo, ungayifaka inkqubo yokucoca umva ngokuzenzekelayo ukusebenzisa isithuba ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ufezekise iinjongo zakho zokuphinda usebenzise amanzi.
Iimfuno zogcino kunye neendleko
Njengomphathi wepropathi, uya kudinga inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka ehambelana namandla akho olondolozo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Isixokelelwano kufuneka sibe nezihluzi ezitshintshekayo ngokulula kunye neenkqubo ezithe ngqo zokugcinwa. Olu phawu lunciphisa iindleko zenkqubo kwaye lwenza kube lula.
Ukusebenza kwamandla kunye neempawu zozinzo
Esinye sezizathu zokufakela isixokelelwano samanzi angwevu kukwandisa uzinzo lokusingqongileyo. Ukukhetha inkqubo edla amandla amaninzi akuyi kuhambelana nokuzibophelela kombutho wakho ekuzinzeni.
Ngoko ke khetha inkqubo eneempompo ezonga amandla, ulawulo olukrelekrele, okanye ukukwazi ukudibanisa imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo.
Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye ne-ROI
Okokugqibela, ufuna ukuqwalasela imiqobo yakho yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwaye uvavanye imbuyekezo yenkqubo kutyalo-mali (ROI).
Ukukhetha inkqubo onokuthi ufikelele kuyo ebonelela ngexesha elifanelekileyo lokubuyisela kunye nokugcinwa kweendleko ezibonakalayo ekuhambeni kwexesha kubalulekile.
Yamkela inguquko yamanzi amdaka!
Amanzi amdaka ebesezisetyenzisiwe Iinkqubo zinokuguqula ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi kwaye zincede ishishini lakho lamkele ikamva eliluhlaza. Khumbula, ithontsi ngalinye lamanzi eligciniweyo linegalelo kumgca osezantsi wakho kwaye lilondoloza indawo esingqongileyo exabisekileyo.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba usebenzisa inkqubo yokurisayikilisha ehambelana neemfuno zakho. Nokuba yinkqubo esisiseko yokuhluza kwizicelo ezincinci okanye inkqubo yonyango ekumgangatho ophezulu wamanzi akumgangatho ophezulu, kuya kubakho inkqubo ekhoyo ekulungeleyo.
Ii-FAQ zeenkqubo zokurisayikilishwa kwamanzi amdaka
Zisebenza njani iinkqubo zokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka?
Nantsi indlela ezisebenza ngayo iisistim zamanzi amdaka:
- Le nkqubo iqokelela amanzi kwiishawari, izitya zokuhlamba izandla, oomatshini bokuhlamba impahla, amanzi okupholisa, kunye neenkqubo ezingezizo ukusebenza.
- Amanzi aqokelelweyo ayahluzwa ukuze kususwe amasuntswana amakhulu, inkunkuma, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo.
- Isinyathelo esilandelayo yinkqubo yokonyango yokususa ukungcola kunye nokungcola.
- Amanzi acociweyo agcinwa ukuze aphinde asetyenziswe kunkcenkceshelo lomhlaba, ukugungxulwa kwezindlu zangasese, iinkqubo zemizi-mveliso, kunye nezixhobo zokucoca.
Ndingayenza njani inkqubo yamanzi amdaka?
Ukuseta isixokelelwano samanzi amdaka kubandakanya amanyathelo asi-8:
- Vavanya imimiselo ukuze uziqhelanise nemithetho yasekuhlaleni kunye neemvume malunga nokuphinda kusetyenziswe amanzi amdaka.
- Misela imithombo yamanzi amdaka kwikhaya lakho okanye kwishishini lakho.
- Vavanya iimfuno zakho ezithile kunye nendawo ekhoyo ukuyila inkqubo efanelekileyo.
- Cwangcisa uhlengahlengiso lwemibhobho efunekayo ukuphambukisa amanzi angwevu ukusuka kwimithombo yawo ukuya kwisixokelelwano sokurisayikilisha.
- Khetha inkqubo yokurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka ehambelana neemfuno zakho kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
- Landela imiyalelo yomenzi okanye udibane nengcali ngenkqubo yokufakela.
- Qinisekisa ukuba isixokelelwano sibhalwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sahluliwe kwimithombo yamanzi aselwayo ukuthintela ukosuleleka okunokwenzeka.
- Misela inkqubo yokulondoloza ukugcina inkqubo yakho ikwimeko efanelekileyo.
Yeyiphi imida yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi amdaka?
Nantsi eminye imida yokusetyenziswa kwakhona kwamanzi amdaka:
- Nasemva kokunyanga, amanzi angwevu akafanelekanga ukusela okanye ukupheka.
- Ezinye, njengeenkqubo ezisisiseko zokuhluza, zinomthamo onyiniweyo wonyango wokususa ungcoliseko.
- Iinkqubo zonyango eziphucukileyo zinokuba nzima ukuzifaka, ukusebenza, nokugcina.
- Iindleko zangaphambili zokufakela iinkqubo zonyango ezikumgangatho ophezulu ziphezulu kuneenkqubo zemibhobho eziqhelekileyo.
- Iinkqubo zokurisayikilishwa kweGreywater zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwazo ngempumelelo.
Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwamanzi amdaka kunye namanzi amdaka?
Amanzi amdaka ngawo nawaphi na amanzi asetyenziswayo nalahlwayo kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo, kuquka indawo yokuhlala, urhwebo, kunye nemisebenzi yemizi-mveliso. Iquka amanzi angwevu kunye namanzi amnyama.
Kwelinye icala, amanzi angwevu ngamanzi okuhlamba, ukuhlamba izandla, ukuhlamba iimpahla, okanye ukuhlamba izitya. Akubandakanyi amanzi aphuma kwizindlu zangasese, amakhitshi, okanye amanzi angcoliswe bubumdaka bomntu.
Ngaba amanzi angwevu angalunganga kwiyadi yakho yangasemva?
Amanzi angwevu alawulwa ngokufanelekileyo akulunganga kwiyadi yakho yangasemva. Ungayisebenzisa ukuxhasa ukukhula kwezityalo, ukuba uyayinyanga ukususa izingcolisi.
Ngaba iinkqubo zamanzi amdaka zikhuselekile?
Xa ziyilwe ngokufanelekileyo, zifakelwe, kwaye zigcinwe, iinkqubo zamanzi amdaka zikhuselekile kwaye zinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Qinisekisa ukuba uphatha inkqubo ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ugweme ukusebenzisa ungcoliseko lweekhemikhali.
