Ukusukela ngo-2020, le minyaka ilandelayo ihlala iphawulwa ngabaninzi njenge “epochal,” ijika into engaqhelekanga yangaphambili ibe yinto entsha yesiqhelo, kwaye ngokuchaseneyo. Indlela yokusebenza esuka ekhaya (WFH) isebenza njengomzekelo obalaseleyo, evusa ingxoxo phantse iminyaka emibini emva kokuba amazwe ahlukeneyo ephakamisile ukuvalwa kwawo.
Kwinqanaba loshishino lwamazwe ngamazwe, utshintsho lubonakala ngokulinganayo. Iinkampani zehlabathi zicinga ngokutsha iindlela zazo eziqhelekileyo zokukhuphela ngaphandle, zisenza amaqhinga afana nokubuyisela elunxwemeni nasekusondeleni kwindawo ephambili. Enyanisweni, ezi zicwangciso azikho kwiinkampani ezinkulu kuphela. Amashishini amancinci naphakathi (ii-SMBs) kunye namashishini e-ecommerce kwindawo yokukhangela kunye nemveliso yamazwe ngamazwe anokufumana ezi ndlela zisebenza kakhulu, zigxininisa ukusetyenziswa okubanzi kwezi zicwangciso kwimigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokusebenza kweshishini.
Ukufumana ingqiqo ebanzi yokubuyisela i-reshoring kunye ne-nearshoring, kunye nezicelo zabo kwii-SMB kunye ne-ecommerce, funda ukufumanisa ukungafani kwabo, izinto kunye nemingeni ebachaphazelayo, ukuqwalaselwa okusebenzayo kokuphunyezwa kunye neempembelelo zabo, kunye nembono yabo yekamva.
Isiqulatho
UkuReshong vs. Nearshoring: Ukubaluleka kunye nomahluko
Imiba kunye nemiceli mngeni ephembelela ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha kunye nokubekwa kufutshane
Iingqwalasela ezisebenzayo kunye neziphumo
Imbonakalo yexesha elizayo yokubonisa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza kufutshane
Kufuphi nasekhaya
UkuReshong vs. Nearshoring: Ukubaluleka kunye nomahluko
Ukuqonda umahluko
Phantsi kolu sapho lufanayo lwe-morphological, omabini amagama okubuyisela unxweme kunye namagama okusondela abelana ngokufana okubalulekileyo: omabini anxulumene "nokufuduswa" ulawulo lwekhonkco lonikezo. Kwaye bobabini ekugqibeleni bakhokelela ekujoliseni okufanayo- ukuzisa imveliso kunye nokukhangela kufutshane nekhaya.
Embindini wayo, owona mahluko mkhulu phakathi kokubuyisela elunxwemeni kunye nokusondela elunxwemeni ulele kufutshane. IReshoring kukufudusela kwilizwe lasekhaya, ngelixa unxweme lusiya kumazwe akufutshane, ngokwesiqhelo ngaphakathi kwingingqi enye ye-ofisi yemvelaphi yenkampani.
Xa ujongisisa ngakumbi, ukuhombisa kwakhona kubandakanya inkqubo ebuyisela umva izigqibo zangaphambili zokuthengisa ngaphandle. Linyathelo elicwangcisiweyo lokubuyisela ukwenziwa kwemveliso, ukufumana izinto, okanye ushishino kwilizwe lasekhaya lenkampani. Ekugqibeleni, lutshintsho ukusuka kumhlaba welizwe ukuya kwimveliso yasekhaya eyongayo ngamanye amaxesha kunye nokusebenza.
I-Nearshoring, okwangoku, kufuduselwa kwindawo ekufutshane kakhulu, ngokuqhelekileyo leyo yabelana ngayo nomda. Esikhundleni sokuthembela kwiindawo ezikude, amashishini anethuba lokusebenza kunye nabavelisi kunye nezinto eziphambili zekhonkco lokubonelela elifumaneka kwilizwe elikufutshane. Isebenza njengesicwangciso esiphakathi phakathi kokuthengisa kude nolwandle kunye nokubuyisela elunxwemeni, inceda ekwehliseni iindleko ngelixa igcina umgangatho kunye nokongamela kolawulo kufutshane.
Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle komahluko wejografi, ukuphinda unxweme kunye nokusondeza kufutshane kuyahluka kwimilinganiselo emininzi. Ngokubhekiselele kwiimpembelelo zeendleko, ukubuyisela umhlaba ngokuqhelekileyo kubangela iindleko ezingaphezulu ngenxa yeendleko eziqhelekileyo zabasebenzi kunye nezokusebenza kwilizwe lokuzalwa.
Ngokwahlukileyo, ukusondela kunceda amashishini ukuba athathe inzuzo yeendleko eziphantsi ngenxa yomgama okufutshane. I-Nearshoring nayo ikhokelela kulungelelwaniso olungcono kwinkcubeko, ukuqonda iilwimi, kunye nokuhambelana kweshishini njengoko amazwe angabamelwane ehlala esabelana ngeendlela zoshishino ezifanayo kunye neendawo zexesha, ukwenza lula imisebenzi kunye nonxibelelwano.
Ukubaluleka kwee-SMB kunye ne-ecommerce
Ukuthengisa ngokutsha kunokuba luncedo kakhulu kwii-SMBs kunye nabaqhubi be-ecommerce njengoko iququzelela ukufikelela okukhulu kubaboneleli bendawo, okunokunciphisa amaxesha okukhokela kunye nokuphucula i-agility yekhonkco lokubonelela. Oku kubalulekile kwimarike apho amaxesha okuphendula ngokukhawuleza anokuba ngumda wokhuphiswano.
Kurhwebo lwe-e-commerce, ukuxhonywa ngokutsha okunokubakho kubonisa ithuba lokutshintsha igama elibeka ugxininiso kwimveliso yasekhaya kunye nozinzo. Esi sicwangciso sihambelana nokunyuka kokuthambekela phakathi kwabathengi kwiimpahla eziveliswe ekhaya, ngokudibeneyo ukomeleza ubudlelwane babathengi kunye nesibheno semarike.
I-Nearshoring, okwangoku, inika ii-SMB kunye namashishini e-ecommerce ukukwazi ukunciphisa iindleko ngokunciphisa izinto ezinzima, xa kuthelekiswa ne-offshoring. I-Nearshoring inokuba luncedo ngakumbi kumaqonga e-ecommerce njengoko ibonisa amaxesha okuthumela ngokukhawuleza kwiimarike ezinkulu, eyona nto ibalulekileyo ekwanelisekeni kwabathengi be-ecommerce kunye nokukhuphisana.
Ngaphaya koko, ukusondela kuphucula kakhulu ukuphendula kwintengiso yee-SMB kunye ne-ecommerce. Ngokusebenza ngokusondeleyo kwiimarike zabo eziphambili, bayakwazi ukulungelelanisa utshintsho lweemarike kunye neemfuno zabathengi ngokukhawuleza nangendlela efanelekileyo.
Imiba kunye nemiceli mngeni ephembelela ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha kunye nokubekwa kufutshane
Abaqhubi abaphembelela ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha kunye nokukufutshane
Ukusuka kwinkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yedijithali ukuya kwiinguqu kutshintsho kurhwebo lwehlabathi, kukho izinto ezininzi eziqhuba ukukhula kokwakhiwa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza. Ukongezelela, iimeko zobupolitika zehlabathi, kuquka nenkuthazo ebhetele kumazwe athile asekhaya zidlala indima ebalulekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, imithetho efana ne UMthetho woTyalo-mali kwiziSeko ezinguNdoqo kunye neMisebenzi kwaye i UMthetho wokuNcitshiswa kwexabiso lentengo kugxininise inzuzo kunye nenkuthazo kwimveliso yasekhaya. Le Mithetho iqaqambise iingenelo zokusondeza imisebenzi yemveliso kufutshane nekhaya.
Kwii-SMBs kunye namaqumrhu e-e-commerce, izinto eziziqhubela ekuthengiseni ngokutsha ziquka inzuzo yokuba kufutshane neemarike zasekhaya, eziphucula ulawulo lomgangatho kunye nokuphendula kwabathengi. Ngaphezu koko, ukongiwa kwezothutho, kunye nokuthotywa kwe-inventri kunye neendleko zokugcina, zinika inkuthazo eyongezelelekileyo kubo ukuba bacinge ngokuphinda bamise. Ukukwazi ukubonelela ngenkonzo yabathengi ekumgangatho ophezulu ngenxa yokusondela kwemarike kuqhubela phambili lo mkhwa, ngakumbi kwii-SMB kunye namashishini e-ecommerce, apho ukugcinwa kwabathengi kunye nokuphinda ishishini kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kwexesha elide.
Kwelinye icala, ukusondela ikakhulu kuqhutywa yimfuneko yolawulo lwekhonkco lokubonelela, isifundo esigxininiswe yiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo yokuphazamiseka kweshishini lezempilo kwihlabathi. Emva koko, ngenxa yokunyuka kwamaxabiso ehlabathini lonke okubangelwe luphazamiseko, ukunyuka kwamaxabiso okwenziwa kwemveliso kumazwe aphesheya sesinye isizathu esiqhubela phambili ukusondela kwihlabathi jikelele.
I-Nearshoring ibalulekile kwii-SMB kunye neembono ze-ecommerce, njengoko ivumela amaxesha okuthunyelwa ngokukhawuleza kwiimarike zasekhaya, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwa ukuhamba kwemali - into ephambili kwicandelo le-ecommerce elikhawulezayo. Ukusondela okubonelelwa yiyo kukwaququzelela ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nokuqonda kweemarike, ukuvumela amashishini ukuba alungelelanise ngokukhawuleza kwiindlela zemarike kunye nengxelo yabathengi.
Imiceli mngeni yokwakhiwa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza kufutshane
Phezu kwazo nje iingenelo zabo, ukuphinda kusetyenzwe kunye nokufutshane kuzisa imingeni emininzi. Iinkampani zihlala zijongana nemingeni efana nokuqeqesha abasebenzi bazo ngokutsha kunye nokulungisa izikhewu kubuchule bobonelelo lwengingqi. Oku kuyinyani, ngakumbi kwii-SMB kunye ne-ecommerce, apho ukulinganisa ukuphumelela kweendleko kunye nokugcinwa komgangatho kunokuba yinto ebuthathaka.
Ngaphaya koko, ubukho bezibonelelo eziyimfuneko ezifana nabasebenzi abanezakhono kunye nababoneleli abathembekileyo kubangela umngeni omkhulu, ngakumbi kwiimarike zasekhaya okanye ezikufutshane apho kunokubakho ukunqongophala kwezakhono ezithile okanye izakhono. Ke ngoko, omabini amaqhinga athande ukuba neendleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi xa kuthelekiswa neendawo zakwantu zaselunxwemeni.
Iingqwalasela ezisebenzayo kunye neziphumo
Iingqwalasela ezisebenzayo ekuphunyezweni
Phambi kokuba ziqalise ukuthengisa ngokutsha okanye ukusondela, iinkampani kufuneka zenze uhlalutyo olubanzi lweendleko-benefit. Oku kubandakanya ukuphonononga imiba yezemali yokufuduka, ukufumaneka kwabasebenzi abanezakhono, kunye neziseko zophuhliso zengingqi. Kukwabalulekile ukuvavanya unikezelo kunye nemfuno, kunye nokuqonda iimpembelelo zemali zenyathelo elinjalo. Amalungiselelo omsebenzi kunye nezakhono adlala indima ebalulekileyo, kunye nemiba yezobuchwepheshe enokuchaphazela yonke impumelelo yesicwangciso.
Amashishini kufuneka kwakhona ahlaziye iikhontrakthi zawo zababoneleli, enze ulungelelwaniso lolungiselelo oluyimfuneko, kwaye abambelele kwimigangatho emitsha yomgangatho osebenzayo. Ukunciphisa inguqu, ukwamkela indlela yesinyathelo-nge-nyathelo kunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nokubonelela ngegumbi lovavanyo oluqhubekayo. Kwakhona kubalulekile ukuqhelana nemithetho yasekuhlaleni, efana neMexico AMAGAMA kwaye IMMEX, ezibaluleke kakhulu kwiinkqubo zokungeniswa nokuthumela ngaphandle kwaye zinceda ukukhangela iiyantlukwano zenkcubeko kunye nokuwela ilizwe.
Lilonke, ukwenza uhlalutyo olucokisekileyo lweendleko zabasebenzi, ulungiselelo, iinkonzo, iirhafu, kunye neziseko ezingundoqo kubalulekile ngaphambi kokuba uthathe isigqibo sokuthatha ukuhombisa ngokutsha okanye ukusondeza kufutshane nonxweme ukuqinisekisa isiphumo esinqwenelekayo.
IiRamifications ze-SMBs kunye ne-ecommerce
Kwii-SMBs kunye namaqonga e-ecommerce, ukutshintshela ekusondeleni kunokuba nzima kwaye kufuneke. Ngelixa inokukhokelela kulawulo oluphuculweyo kunye notyelelo lwesiza rhoqo, ikwaxhomekeke kucwangciso olucokisekileyo phambi kokubulawa. Ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha, kwangaxeshanye, kudla ngokuqalwa zizinto zangaphandle ezifana nokungavisisani kwezorhwebo, utshintsho olulawulayo, ukunyuka kweendleko zabasebenzi kumazwe angaphesheya, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwekhonkco lokubonelela.
Ngexesha elifutshane, zombini ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza kufutshane kunokuchaphazela ukusebenza okanye ukusebenza kakuhle kwekhonkco lonikezelo, singasathethi ke ngeendleko ezinkulu zokuqala ezinokuthi zenziwe; ekuhambeni kwexesha, zinokuba nemiphumo enzulu ekukhuleni nakwingeniso. Embindini wayo, ezi zicwangciso zikwavumela ukukhawuleziswa komjikelo wobomi bemveliso, kunye nokuphucula iinkqubo zekhonkco lokubonelela, ngelixa zihambelana neenjongo zokusingqongileyo jikelele, intlalo, kunye nolawulo.
Iinkampani ze-SMB kunye neenkampani ze-ecommerce, ngokukodwa, ukuba zincinci kwisikali kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali, zihlala zijongene nemida yezibonelelo ngokwezemali, ukufikelela kwitekhnoloji, kunye nabasebenzi abanezakhono, ezinokuthi zithintele ukubuyisela okusebenzayo kunye nokusondeza. Ukulawula inguqu kunye nokuziqhelanisa neemodeli ezintsha kunokuba ngumngeni kula mashishini ngenxa yokusebenza kwawo okulinganiselweyo kunye nokuguquguquka kwezemali.
Ekuvavanyeni imiba esebenzayo kunye neziphumo zokuphinda kunxweme kunye nokufutshane, kubalulekile ukuba ii-SMB kunye namaqonga e-ecommerce acwangcise ngobuchule izenzo zabo. Ukuvavanya urhwebo kunye noncedo lweendlela ezahlukeneyo zokufumana izinto kubalulekile. Ukwahluka kunye nentsebenziswano kunye nababoneleli, kunye nokudityaniswa kwezixhobo zobuchwepheshe obuphambili kubalulekile kwinguqu eyimpumelelo.
Imbonakalo yexesha elizayo yokubonisa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza kufutshane
Njengoko amashishini efuna ukwahlula-hlula ikhonkco lawo lonikezelo ngokongeza amaziko okanye ababoneleli kwenye indawo ukunciphisa imingcipheko, ikamva lilonke lokujonga ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza kufutshane liyathembisa. Kulindeleke ukuba zibe ziindlela eziphambili. Ngokusisiseko, iziphazamiso ezijongene namakhonkco obonelelo ziphembelele indlela yokuthengisa kunye nentengiso yabaninzi abavelisi, kunye notshintsho olukhulu olubhekiselele kwinguqu yedijithali.
Kwii-SMBs kunye ne-e-commerce, ikamva lilungiselelwe ukuhambisa ngokukhawuleza uninzi okanye bonke ababoneleli kufutshane nekhaya. Inyathelo elinjalo libonakala njengoko ingxelo ibonisa ukuba abaninzi kangangoko 74% Iingcali zonikezelo lweenkampani ezincinci kunye neziphakathi ziceba ukutshintshela uninzi lwababoneleli babo baye kuMntla Melika, kufutshane ne-US Olu tshintsho lukhawulezayo lubonisa utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwizicwangciso zokubonelela.
Ngamafutshane, iintsingiselo kunye nembonakalo yexesha elizayo yokubuyisela unxweme kunye nokufutshane kumakhonkco obonelelo, ngakumbi kwii-SMBs kunye ne-e-commerce, icebisa inyathelo elicwangcisiweyo elisingise kwiimodeli zobonelelo lwasekhaya kunye noluzinzileyo. Iqhutywa luphuhliso lwetekhnoloji, utshintsho lwemo yezopolitiko, kunye neemfuno zentengiso, ezi ngqikelelo ziya zisanda zamkelwa ukonyusa ukhuphiswano, ukunciphisa iindleko, kunye nokuphucula ukomelela kwekhonkco lonikezelo. Njengoko imbonakalo yokubonelela ngehlabathi jikelele iqhubeka nokuvela, ii-SMB kunye ne-ecommerce kulindeleke ukuba zilungelelanise ngokukhawuleza, zisebenzise ukusetyenzwa ngokutsha kunye nokusondeza njengendlela yokunciphisa umngcipheko kunye nethuba lobuchule kwindawo yentengiso.
Kufuphi nasekhaya
Iingqikelelo zokubuyiswa komhlaba kunye nokufutshane ayizizo iindlela zamva nje kodwa izigqibo ezibalulekileyo zesicwangciso see-SMB kunye ne-e-commerce. Ukuthengisa ngokutsha kuzisa imisebenzi kwilizwe lasekhaya lenkampani, ibonelela ngeenzuzo ezifana nofikelelo olukhawulezayo lomthengisi wasekhaya kunye nethuba lokuthengisa ngokutsha malunga nemveliso yasekhaya. Nangona kunjalo, kudla ngokubiza kakhulu kunokusondela, nto leyo ehambisa imisebenzi kumazwe angabamelwane, ibonelela ngogcino lweendleko kunye nokusabela okwandisiweyo kwimarike ngaphandle kokuncama kakhulu kulungelelwaniso lwenkcubeko kunye nokusebenza.
Omabini amaqhinga abunjwe zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yedijithali, utshintsho kurhwebo lwehlabathi, kunye notshintsho kumgaqo-nkqubo, ngakumbi kumazwe afana ne-US apho kugxilwe ngamandla kwimveliso yasekhaya. Kwii-SMB kunye ne-e-commerce entities, ezi nguqu zimela ibhalansi enzima phakathi kokulawula iindleko eziphezulu zabasebenzi kunye nemingeni yoqeqesho kunye neenzuzo zokuphucula ulawulo kunye nokuphendula. Ulungelelwaniso olunjalo lubalulekile ekukhuleni kwabo kwexesha elide kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwiimarike ezihlala zivela.
Ukufumana ulwazi olunzulu, iintsingiselo zeshishini, kunye nohlaziyo lweshishini olusebenzayo, ndwendwela I-Chovm.com ifundeka namhlanje kubutyebi bezinto kunye neengcinga zokukhangela ubunzima bokudela kwakhona kunye nokusondela kwindawo yorhwebo ekhawulezayo yanamhlanje.
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