Kwabaninzi, uSeptemba ka-2024 wayefana nayo nayiphi na enye inyanga eqhelekileyo, kodwa kwabo baye baphulukana nombono ngenxa yokuqhawulwa kwemithambo ye-optic, kukho impumelelo—enkosi kwizazinzulu. University of Connecticut. Ngokuphawulekayo, baye babonisa ngempumelelo ukuba, ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ukukhula kwakhona kwemithambo-luvo yamehlo eyonzakeleyo kunokwenzeka, nto leyo evuselela ithemba lokubona kwakhona.
Enyanisweni, iinkalo ezininzi zobomi zixhomekeke omnye komnye kwaye azikwazi ukusebenza kakuhle ngaphandle komnye. Umzekelo, njengokuba amehlo eqhagamshelwa ebuchotsheni ngemithambo ye-optic, izikrini zeprojektha ziqhagamshela kwiiprojektha ukuze zamkele kwaye zibonise imveliso eqikelelweyo. Ngendlela efanayo, ukulungisa okanye ukuphuculwa kwesikrini seprojektha kuqinisekisa unxibelelwano olusebenzayo phakathi kweprojektha kunye nescreen, kufana nendlela ukuhlaziya unxibelelwano lwe-optic nerve lubuyisela unxibelelwano phakathi kwamehlo nengqondo.
Ngo-2025, jonga ngakumbi imbonakalo yemarike yehlabathi yezikrini zeprojektha, izinto ezibalulekileyo eziphembelela iindleko zabo, kunye nokwahlulwa kwezikrini zeprojektha ezilungele lonke uluhlu lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali.
Isiqulatho
Imbonakalo yemarike yeprojekti yesikrini sehlabathi
Izinto ezibalulekileyo zamaxabiso kwizikrini zeprojektha
Izikrini zeprojektha kulo lonke uluhlu lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali
Uqikelelo olucacileyo kubo bonke
Imbonakalo yemarike yeprojekti yesikrini sehlabathi
Kuba imfuno yezikrini zeprojekti ibotshelelwe ngokusondeleyo ekwamkelweni kweeprojektha, masiqale sijonge amathemba entengiso yehlabathi yeeprojektha ngaphambi kokugxila ekukhuleni kwezikrini zeprojektha.
Ubungakanani bemakethi yeeprojekti zehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba bufikelele ngaphezulu kwe-14 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2028, ngesantya sokukhula konyaka (CAGR) 5.5% ukusuka 2024, kunye ixabiso lokuqala kancinane ngaphezu US $11.3 billion. Ukwanda kweemfuno kwicandelo lezemfundo kunye nee-electronics zabathengi zikhankanywe njengezona nkokeli ziphambili zokunyuka okuzinzile, kunye nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji efana ne-laser kunye ne-LED yokubonisa itekhnoloji.
Kwelinye icala, imakethi yesikrini yeprojekti yehlabathi iqikelelwa ukuba iza kunda ngaphezulu kwe-58 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2031, kwi-CAGR ephakathi. 3.7%. Esi sixa siphezulu kakhulu kunemarike yeprojektha yehlabathi, ngokusengqiqweni, njengoko iimeko ezininzi zifuna izikrini ezininzi zeprojektha enye. Umzekelo, amagumbi eentlanganiso ahlukeneyo ezi-ofisini anokuba nescreen sakhe seprojektha, ngelixa amagumbi okufundela okanye iindawo zoqeqesho zihlala ziza nezikrini ezifakelwe kwangaphambili.
Izinto ezibalulekileyo zamaxabiso kwizikrini zeprojektha
Ngelixa izinto ezininzi zinokuchaphazela iindleko zezikrini zeprojekti, kubandakanywa ukuqwalaselwa kokusebenza kunye nokulungiselela, izinto eziphambili ngumgangatho wemathiriyeli yesikrini kunye neempawu zabo zobugcisa:
1. Ukuzuza kwesikrini
Ukuzuza kwesikrini, umzekelo, linqaku elibaluleke kakhulu kunye nophawu olulodwa lwezikrini zeprojekti ezinempembelelo ngqo ekukhanyeni komfanekiso kunye nee-angles zokubukela. Yonke inkqubo yoqikelelo ngokusisiseko ixhomekeke kubuchule besikrini ukubonakalisa ukukhanya ngokuthe ngqo kwimveliso echanekileyo yoqikelelo. Ukulinganisa oku, i-ain factor isetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ipesenti yokukhanya okubonakalisiweyo xa kuthelekiswa nebenchmark yomphezulu omhlophe oqhelekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, isikrini se-4.0 sokuzuza sibonisa i-400% yemveliso yokukhanya yeprojekti, ngelixa i-0.8 yesikrini sokufumana i-80%.
Ngenxa yoko, izikrini eziphezulu zenzuzo (ngokuqhelekileyo ubuncinane i-2.0 nangaphezulu) zivelisa imifanekiso ecacileyo ecacileyo kunye nefuthe eliphezulu lokuchasana, ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezikhanyiswe kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ezi zikrini zinciphisa ngokungenakuthintelwa i-engile yokujonga esecaleni, njengoko ukukhanya okungakumbi kujongiswe kumgca ophakathi ukuze kuqaqambe. Ngokuchaseneyo, izikrini ezifumana inzuzo esezantsi (ngaphantsi kwe-1.0 okanye zisezantsi njenge-0.6) zibonelela ngemifanekiso emnyama kodwa zibonelela nge-engile yokujonga iqondo elibanzi ngenxa yokwahlulwa kokukhanya kumphezulu wesikrini.
Inzuzo yesikrini eyi-1.0 ibonelela ngamava okujongwa alungeleleneyo ngokubonisa i-100% yokukhanya kweprojektha ngokulinganayo, ngaloo ndlela inika imvakalelo yomahluko ongcono. Ukusuka kumbono weendleko, izikrini ezifumana inzuzo ephezulu zikhulisa ukuqaqamba zisebenzisa iingubo ezikhethekileyo okanye amalaphu, athi emva koko anyuse iindleko zokuvelisa, azenze izikrini ezibiza kakhulu ngokubanzi.
2. Isibuko
Lo mba ulandelayo kuluhlu unengqiqo ngokwenene; njengezinye iimveliso ezininzi ehlabathini, ubukhulu budlala indima enkulu ekuqwalaseleni iindleko. Ngokumalunga nezikrini zeprojektha, okukhona zikhulu iisayizi zesikrini, kokukhona zonyusa ngokwendalo iindleko zemveliso yezikrini ngokwazo kwaye zichaphazela neminye imiba yolungiselelo.
Umzekelo, iisayizi ezinkulu zesikrini zinokuvumela kuphela iindlela ezithile zokuxhoma, ezifana nofakelo lwesilingi kunye nezibiyeli zodonga, eziza neendleko eziphezulu xa kuthelekiswa neendlela eziqhelekileyo ezizimeleyo, ezifana nokunyuswa kwetripod kunye nokusetwa okuphathekayo. Kubathengisi, izikrini ezikhulu zeprojektha nazo zihlala zikhokelela kwiindleko eziphezulu zolungiselelo, ngakumbi xa zi-odolwe ngobuninzi, apho umyinge omkhulu wezinto zokupakisha kufuneka zabiwe.
3. Ukuzenzekela kwesikrini
I-automation kwizikrini zeprojekti ibhekisa kwiindlela ezakhelwe ngaphakathi zeemoto kwizikrini zombane ezirhoxiswayo, ezilukhetho oluthandwayo namhlanje ukwenzela ukuba kube lula kunye nokulula abakunikezayo. Okwangoku, izikrini ezibuyiselwayo ezenziwe ngesandla zisafumaneka ngokubanzi kwimarike, nangona zinqabile namhlanje ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezilinganiselweyo kunye nomzamo wesandla ofunekayo.
kunjalo, izikrini zeprojektha zemanuwali yenza ukhetho olukhulu lokulondoloza kuba, ngaphandle kweenjini ezongezelelweyo, amaqhosha olawulo, kunye nolawulo olukude njengeenkampani ezizisebenzelayo, azintsokothanga kakhulu ekusetheni nasekusebenzeni, zehlisa omabini amaxabiso okuvelisa kunye nokuthengisa xa kuthelekiswa no. izikrini zeprojektha zombane.
4. Izongezo zesikrini
Ngaphandle kwayo yonke imisebenzi esisiseko exhasa ukusebenza kwezikrini zeprojektha, zonke ezinye iitekhnoloji ezongezelelweyo zescreen seprimiyamu okanye iimpawu zokusebenza eziphambili zibandakanyiwe njengemisebenzi eyongezelelweyo ngokuqinisekileyo iyalela iithegi zexabiso eliphezulu. Iindlela zokucinezela iTab, umzekelo, zinceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba tyaba kwesikrini kunye nokungabi nemibimbi ngokubeka uxinzelelo olufunekayo rhoqo, emele ezongezelelo zobunjineli ezibalulekileyo ezinyusa kakhulu iindleko.
Ngeli xesha, ezinye izikrini zeprojektha zibonakalisa itekhnoloji yokucoca ukukhanya okongezelelekileyo okuphelisa ukukhanya okujikeleze kunye nezinye izinto eziphazamisayo zokukhanya, zizenza zibize kakhulu xa kujongwa umgangatho wemifanekiso yazo edlamkileyo.
Izikrini zeprojektha kulo lonke uluhlu lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali
Iiprojekti zomgangatho wokungena
Ngokufana nezinye iimveliso zomgangatho wokungena, eli qela lezikrini zeprojektha limele ezona zinto ziza neyona misebenzi isisiseko neyongayo yokusetyenziswa kwemihla ngemihla. Izikrini zeprojektha zokutsalela phantsi ngesandla, maxa wambi ubizwa ngokulula tsala-phantsi izikrini zeprojektha, ziphakathi kwemizekelo yakudala yeemodeli ezisisiseko. Ezi zikrini zisebenza ngesandla kwaye ziqhele ukurhoxiswa xa zingasetyenziswa kodwa zifuna ukutsalwa ngesandla xa kuyimfuneko.
Izikrini zeprojektha eziphathekayo, kubandakanya izikrini zeprojektha ezintathu, izikrini zeprojektha ezinokuphephetheka, yaye izikrini zeprojektha ezisongekayo (kaninzi ngaphandle kwenkxaso yesakhelo esiqinileyo), baziwa ngobuhlobo babo bohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kunye nexabiso elifanelekileyo, banikezela ubungakanani beskrini esandisiweyo kwixabiso eliphantsi lexabiso. Njengoko igama lazo lisitsho, ezi zikrini zikhaphukhaphu, ziyaphatheka, kwaye ziyaguquguquka ukuze zisetyenziswe kabini kwindawo yangaphakathi nangaphandle, ngenxa yokuhamba kwazo. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ngaphandle kokuba uxhotyiswe ngeempawu ezithile ezikalwe ngaphandle, ezinje ngomgangatho ogqwesileyo wokwakha kunye nezixhobo ezixhathisa imozulu, uninzi. izikrini zeprojektha eziphathwayo zikulungele ngcono useto lwangaphakathi endaweni yokusebenza njenge izikrini zeprojektha zangaphandle.
Kubathengisi kunye nabathengisi, ngelixa unikezela ezi izikrini zeprojektha ezitshiphu ayinakubonakala ngathi iyindlela enenzuzo kakhulu, ezi zinto zinokuthandwa ngokukodwa kwiindawo ezifuna iindawo ezincinci kunye nabaphulaphuli, njengamagumbi okufundela, iiofisi, kunye neendawo ze-cinema zasekhaya, ngenxa yamaxabiso abo afikelelekayo kunye nokulula ukufakwa. Ngokuqhelekileyo zizikrini zeprojekti ezilungileyo ezibonelela kakuhle kwiimfuno ezahlukeneyo zabasebenzisi, ezibonelela ngeenketho ezifikelelekayo kubo bonke ubungakanani obahlukeneyo kunye nezinto zesikrini.
Iiprojekti zoluhlu oluphakathi
Kuzo zonke iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezikrini zokubonisa, izikrini zeprojektha zoluhlu oluphakathi zihlala zibhekisa kuzo izikrini zeprojektha eziqhelekileyo eziza nezinto eziqhelekileyo ezifumanekayo ezilungiselela ukonwatyiswa kwesiqhelo kunye nomboniso. Bakwahlala bexhotyiswe ngeendlela ezisisiseko zolawulo lokukhanya ukuphatha ngcono ukuphazamiseka kokukhanya okujikeleze umgangatho wemifanekiso yezikrini.
Uninzi lwezi zikrini zisemgangathweni izikrini zeprojektha ezirhoxiswayo zombane ixhotyiswe ngesiseko, ukusebenza kwemoto okuthe cwaka kunye nolawulo olukude ukuze usebenze ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokusebenziseka lula. Ukusebenza kwabo ngemoto kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuphakamisa okanye ukuthoba ngokulula izikrini, ezihlala ziqengqeleka zibe yiyunithi yendlu yokugcina indawo kunye nesicoci, inkangeleko encinci xa ingasetyenziswa.
Ukomeleza umtsalane kunye nokusebenza kwezi zikrini zoluhlu oluphakathi, abavelisi abohlukeneyo bahlala bebandakanya i-ambient light rejecting (ALR) coatings okanye izikrini ze-ceiling light rejecting (CLR) ukunciphisa impembelelo yokukhanya kwe-ambient kunye nesilingi kwimifanekiso ecacileyo kunye namava okubukela ngcono. Abathengisi banokujolisa kwezi zikrini zisemgangathweni zeofisi ngokubanzi kunye nesetingi zethiyetha yasekhaya, bethathela ingqalelo amaxabiso abo afikelelekayo kunye neempawu ezisebenzayo ngokubanzi, eziguquguqukayo.
Iiprojekti ezikumgangatho ophezulu
Amaqokobhe enathi, izikrini zeprojektha eziphezulu Phawula udidi olutsha kwaye uqaqambise umahluko omkhulu xa kuthelekiswa nenqanaba lokungena kunye noluhlu oluphakathi ukhetho. Ukusuka kubungakanani obahlukeneyo kunye nemathiriyeli yesikrini ukuya kulawulo lokukhanya kunye neentlobo zesakhelo, ezi izikrini zeprojekti zeprimiyamu ngokuqhelekileyo zityebile kwaye zakhiwe ngezinto zodidi oluphezulu. Izikrini ezinkulu zeprojektha, ngesiqhelo ngaphezulu kwe-intshizi ezingama-200 kwaye iqala kwi-intshizi ezingama-300 ngokusasazwa kokukhanya okuphambili, ihlala iyimizekelo ephambili yezikrini zeprojektha ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Ngokubhekiselele kulawulo oluchasene nokukhanya, ezi zikrini zeprojektha zomgangatho wobuchwephesha zihlala zixhotyiswe ngetekhnoloji ye-ALR ephezulu. Abanye izikrini zeprojektha ezine-ALR kunye ne-CLR zombini Itekhnoloji ibonelela ngolawulo olubanzi lokukhanya ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukucaca okuphezulu komfanekiso ngelixa ikwabambelela kwimigangatho ephezulu yosetyenziso olufunayo. Ngeli xesha, ezinye iindidi ezimbini ezibalaseleyo zezikrini zeprojekti ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezongeza kubunewunewu kunye nodumo lwazo. izikrini zeprojektha zesakhelo ezisisigxina ngenxa yozinzo oluphezulu lwemifanekiso kunye nezikrini ezinemoto ezine-tab-tensioned kwiinkqubo zabo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu eziqinisekisa umphezulu othe tyaba, ongena-ripple.
Ngokubanzi, kubathengisi abajolise kumashishini amakhulu eenkampani kunye nezolonwabo, kunye neendawo zeminyhadala emikhulu, izikrini zeprojekti eziphakamileyo ezineempawu zeprimiyamu, ubukhulu besikrini esikhulu, kunye nolunye uphuculo olukhethekileyo lukhetho olukhulu kwezi marike ze-niche kunye nabaphulaphuli bobugcisa obuphezulu.
Uqikelelo olucacileyo kubo bonke
Ngokuhambelana nendlela i-optic nerves edibanisa ngayo ingqondo namehlo, izikrini zeprojekti zidibanisa ababukeli kwiiprojekti ukuhambisa izinto ezibonakalayo eziqikelelwayo. Zombini intengiso yehlabathi yeeprojektha kunye nezikrini zeprojektha zikwindlela yokukhula ezinzileyo, ebonisa indlela ephezulu yokwamkelwa kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwesi sibini. Ukuzuza kwesikrini, ubungakanani, iimpawu ezizenzekelayo, kunye naziphi na ezinye iitekhnoloji ezongezelelweyo zeprimiyamu zezinye zezinto eziphambili ezichaphazela amaxabiso eentlobo ezahlukeneyo zezikrini.
Ubungakanani besikrini esincinci, ukusebenza ngesandla, kunye nezikrini ezinyuswe kathathu zeminye yeyona mizekelo ilungileyo yezikrini zeprojektha zomgangatho wokungenela. Izikrini zeprojekti zomgangatho ophakathi wexabiso kwelinye icala, zidla ngokuba nezikrini ze-elektroniki ezirhoxiswayo ezinolawulo oluphathwayo oluphathwayo, umgangatho othembekileyo wokwakha osemgangathweni, kunye neengubo ezisisiseko okanye imathiriyeli ehlisa ifuthe lokukhanya okujikeleze umhlaba. Okokugqibela, izikrini zeprojekti zokugqibela zihlala zibonakalisa itekhnoloji ye-ALR kunye ne-CLR, kunye nokusebenza kwesikrini esinemoto kunye noyilo lwescreen esiqingqiweyo, ukongeza ekunikeni eminye imisebenzi ekhethekileyo.
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