I-China ibe yinkokeli yoshishino iminyaka ekuveliseni umgangatho ophezulu, iimveliso eziphantsi kweendleko. Oko kuthethiweyo, ukwenziwa kweelori akuyongxaki. Imarike yehlabathi iwamkele amandla eTshayina kumgangatho kunye neendleko.
Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde yonke into ofuna ukuyazi malunga neempawu zelori ezili-10 eziphezulu zaseTshayina.
Isiqulatho
ISinotruk
Foton Auman
FAW ilori
Ilori enzima yeShaanxi
Ilori yeJAC
Ilori yeDongfeng
Isithuthi esinzima se-JMC
SAIC-IVECO Hongyan
Hualing Xingma
iilori ze-XCMG
isiphelo
ISinotruk
Okokuqala kuluhlu yi-China yeSizwe ye-Heavy Duty Truck Group (CNHTC), inkampani yelori karhulumente. Ifakwe kwi-31st kaJanuwari 2007 eHongkong njengeSinotruk Hongkong Limited, inkampani ephakathi ebambe i-CNHTC. iSinotruk ikomkhulu eJinan, kwiPhondo laseShandong.
In 1960, ISinotruk yaba ngumenzi welori wokuqala waseTshayina onzima. Kwaye ngo-1983, inkampani yasebenzisana ne-Austria ukwazisa ilori ye-STEYR enzima. Ukwaziswa kwe-STEYR yaba yimpumelelo ephawulekayo njengobugcisa bokuqala belori enzima yaseTshayina.
Foton Auman
IFoton yasekwa ngomhla wama-28 kuAgasti 1996 kwaye izinze eBeijing, eChina. Idweliswe kwiShanghai Stock Exchange kwaye iqulathe ubunini obuxubeneyo kunye neshishini lokubamba likarhulumente. Inkampani inee-asethi ezifikelela kwi-10 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika kunye nabasebenzi abomeleleyo abangama-40,000.
Ngo-2012, uFoton wasebenzisana naye I-Daimler Automotive Co., Ltd. ngesivumelwano se-50/50 apho lo mva wafumana i-nod yokuthatha inxaxheba ngokubanzi ekuveliseni iilori ezinzima kunye nezilula. Ngo-2016, iFoton yazisa iilori zayo zokuqala ezinobunzima obufikelela imigangatho yaseYurophu kwaye yathembisa ngoomatshini abangcono kakhulu kwixesha elizayo.
FAW ilori
I-groundbreaking yeendawo zayo zokuqala yayiyi-15th kaJulayi 1953. Eyaziwa ngokuba Imisebenzi yokuqala yeeMoto (FAW), yasekwa ngoncedo lwe-USSR yangaphambili, eyabonelela nge-80% yomatshini wokuvelisa. Okwangoku, yaziwa ngokuba yiChina FAW Group Co., Ltd. kwaye isekwe eChangchun, eTshayina.
I-FAW isebenzisana neVolkswagen AG ngo-1991 ukuseka indawo yobugcisa yanamhlanje ukuvelisa iiyunithi ezingama-150,000 ngonyaka. Kamva, i-FAW yasebenzisana neToyota ngo-2004, kwaye inkampani iye yakhupha iiyunithi ezingaphezulu kwesigidi ngaphezu kwayo nayiphi na enye inkampani yeemoto elizweni.
IQela le-FAW lelesibini ngobukhulu phakathi kwabenzi beemoto bakarhulumente abane abakhulu. Ngo-2021, iindleko zokusebenza zeQela zibethe i-RMB 707 billion (malunga ne-99 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika), okwesibini phakathi kweenkampani zokuvelisa zaseTshayina. Imveliso yeyunithi yezithuthi yephondo ifikelele kwi-2.24 yezigidi zeeyunithi, ezimele i-72.4% yesiphumo sisonke kwaye ixabisa i-RMB 455.1 yeebhiliyoni (malunga nama-64 eebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika).
Ilori enzima yeShaanxi
Ilori enzima yeShaanxi yenye abenzi iilori ezinkulu China. Iofisi yayo eyintloko iseXi'an, kwiphondo laseShaanxi, kwaye yenza i-chassis yebhasi kunye nelori ezinobunzima kunye nobukhulu obuphakathi ezisebenzisa. STEYR kunye MAN SE ubuchwephesha.
I-Shaanxi yasekwa ngo-1968 kwaye ngoku inabasebenzi abamalunga nama-32,000 kunye nesiseko se-asethi ye-US $ 5.25 yebhiliyoni. Eli qumrhu likwavelisa iilori zomkhosi, ezinzima, eziphakathi kunye nezikhaphukhaphu.
Ipotfoliyo yeQela yokuthumela ngaphandle iquka amazwe angama-90 e-Afrika, kuMbindi Mpuma, nakuMzantsi-mpuma Asia. Iindawo ezisecaleni zezithuthi zayo ziyafikeleleka kumazwe amaninzi ehlabathi.
Ilori yeJAC
Lo mvelisi welori wasekwa ngomhla wama-20 kuMeyi ka-1964 kwisiXeko saseHefei, kwiPhondo lase-Anhui, eTshayina, ngenjongo yokuvelisa iilori ezinomthwalo onzima. I-Jianghuai Automobile Co. Ltd (JAC) zidweliswe kwi-Shanghai Stock Exchange ngo-2001.
Idweliswe phakathi kweempawu eziphezulu ze-10 eziphambili e-China kwaye inamandla okuvelisa i-520,000 yeeyunithi ngonyaka. Iqumrhu lenza iilori ezinzima, eziphakathi, nezikhaphukhaphu, iibhasi, iiSUVs, kunye neesedan.
Ngo-2021, inkampani yabetha i-RMB 35.5 billion (malunga ne-5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola) yengeniso enexabiso eliphantsi kumazwe ali-130 kunye ne-capitalisation ye-RMB 33.7 yeebhiliyoni (malunga ne-4,8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zase-US). Ngaphandle kweelori zokuvelisa, ishishini likwasebenza ngezinto zombane kunye nezoomatshini kunye nezithuthi zombane.
Ilori yeDongfeng
Dongfeng yeyesithathu ngobukhulu kubenzi bezithuthi bakarhulumente abane abakhulu eTshayina. Iqumrhu lasekwa okokuqala njenge-Second Auto Works (SAW) ngomhla we-28th Septemba 1969 kwisixeko saseShiyan, kwiPhondo laseHubei. Kamva yabizwa ngokuba yiDongfeng Motor.
I-Dongfeng inokuvelisa iiyunithi ezingama-200,000 ngonyaka. Iiyunithi ziquka iilori ezinzima kunye neziphakathi kunye neebhasi ze-28,000. Ezinye izithuthi zayo ziquka ii-sedans, ii-SUVs, ii-Mini-CVs, iiMPVs, kunye nezithuthi ezisulungekileyo zombane kunye negesi yendalo.
Kwi-2015, i-Volvo igqibe i-45% yokuthatha i-Dongfeng emva kokuvunywa nguGunyaziwe woKhuphiswano waseTshayina, phakathi kwezinye iimeko. Ngentsebenziswano enjalo, ishishini likhulile, kwaye ngo-2021, ingxelo yengeniso yeDongfeng Motor irekhoda ingeniso epheleleyo yeRMB. 113 billion (malunga. US$ 15.9 billion).
Isithuthi esinzima se-JMC
Le nkampani yelori yaseTshayina yeyakwaVolvo Trucks. I-JMC yaqala ukusebenza phantsi kwegama elithi Taiyuan Hangan Heavy Truck, eyasekwa ngo-2007. Emva kokuphoswa kweenjongo zayo eziqikelelweyo zeyunithi, yaphinda yamiselwa njenge-JMC Heavy Duty Vehicle (JMCH) kwaye yaqala ukusebenza ngo-2013.
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, kuye kwathathwa izinto ezininzi de kwangowama-2021, xa iVolvo yafumana iJMCH malunga ne-109 yezigidi zeedola. IVolvo iceba ukukhupha iilori ezahlukeneyo zeFH, FM, kunye neFMX eTshayina ekupheleni kuka-2022.
SAIC-IVECO Hongyan
SAIC-IVECO Hongyan (SIH) yintsebenziswano ye-SAIC, IVECO, kunye neChongqing Hongyan eyaqala ngo-1965. Isivumelwano sasayinwa ngomhla we-18 kuSeptemba 2006 kwaye sagqitywa ngomhla we-15 kaJuni 2007, ukuseka ngokusemthethweni intsebenziswano.
I-SIH yazisa itekhnoloji esetyenziswa ngumenzi welori wase-Italiya i-IVECO yaze yadibanisa ne-R&D yeChongqing Hongyan. Intsebenziswano yavelisa i-Genlyon iloli enzima kwi-2009, i-Kingkan kwi-2011, kunye ne-Gentruck kwi-2015.
I-SAIC-IVECO Hongyan inezixhobo kwiSithili esitsha saseLianjiang kunye nesityalo esilungiselelwe emva kwesityalo se-IVECO eMadrid. Umzi-mveliso unokuvelisa iimoto ezingama-80,000 ngonyaka.
Hualing Xingma
I-Hualing Xingma yayineengcambu zayo kwimveliso yaseMa'anshan ngo-1970. Isebenzisa i CAMC ibheji yokuthengisa phesheya. Okwangoku, i-Geely New Energy Commercial Vehicle Group ibambe isixa esikhulu kwinkampani.
Ngaphezulu, uHualing Xingma usebenza phantsi kweHanma Technology Group Co., Ltd. kwaye useMa'anshan Anhui, eTshayina. I-Hualing igxile ekwenzeni iimoto ezinenjongo eyodwa, i-chassis yekhadi elinzima, kunye neendawo eziphambili.
Eyona ndawo iphambili yendibano yenkampani inokuvelisa iilori ezinzima ezingama-100,000 kunye neenqwelo ezikhethekileyo ezingama-50,000 ngonyaka. Ukutyunjwa kweCAMC kuthunyelwa empuma Yurophu, eMzantsi-mpuma Asia, eMzantsi Melika, nakuMntla Afrika.
iilori ze-XCMG
XCMG Iqela yasekwa ngo-1989 ngobuchule kwizixhobo zokwakha. Inkampani inzima koomatshini abahamba emhlabeni njengabagrumbi, abalayishi, kunye neecranes, kodwa inengalo yeelori ezinzima. Okwangoku, ibambe irekhodi lokwakha elona lori likhulu lokuqhuba imigodi yemigodi.
Ngo-2021, inkampani yanika ingxelo yengeniso yokusebenza ye-13.2 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika, ukukhula konyaka-ngonyaka nge-14%, kunye nengeniso yezigidi ezingama-879 zeedola. I-XCMG iyaqhubeka nokugcina ubungcali bayo bokuvelisa izithuthi ezikhethekileyo. Umzekelo, ngo-2021, oomatshini bayo bokuphakamisa babekwe kwindawo yokuqala kwihlabathi liphela.
isiphelo
Ukuveliswa kweelori e-China kukhula ngokukhawuleza kunye nemida. Ukukhula kungenxa yokuba iibrendi ezisekiweyo zaseYurophu zingena kwimarike yaseTshayina ngokucebisa nokwenza amaphulo okusebenzisana neenkampani zalapha ekhaya.
Ezi nkampani zelori zaseTshayina zimiselwe ukukhula ngakumbi, kwaye ezinye ziya kusekwa. Kuba abemi baseTshayina babonelela ngemarike enkulu, enengeniso, iibrendi ezisekiweyo zaseYurophu kunye nehlabathi liphela alinakukwazi ukuzihoya.
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