Ukukhetha iiPaneli zeSolar ezilungileyo kwiKhaya lakho okanye kwiShishini

Namhlanje, iipaneli zelanga zinika isisombululo esithembekileyo samandla. Abaneli nje ukunciphisa ukuxhomekeka kwakho kwigridi, kodwa banokukongela imali eninzi kumatyala akho ombane. 

Eli nqaku lazisa iikhonsepthi ezisisiseko zeepaneli zelanga, ukuhlelwa kwazo, iintsingiselo kunye nemingeni, kunye neengcebiso malunga nendlela yokukhetha ezona ntlobo zilungileyo kwiimfuno zakho.

Isiqulatho
Isishwankathelo seepaneli zelanga
Ubungakanani bemarike kunye nokukhula
Iindidi zephaneli yelanga
Iindlela kunye nemingeni
Ezinye iingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba uthenge

Isishwankathelo seepaneli zelanga

Iipaneli zelanga sebenzisa iiseli ze-photovoltaic (PV) ukuguqula ukukhanya kwelanga kube ngumbane, ukubonelela abasebenzisi ithuba lokunika amandla amakhaya abo okanye amashishini ngaphandle kwegridi ngelixa benciphisa amatyala ombane. 

Iinkqubo zephaneli yelanga ziquka iiseli ezininzi ze-PV ezibandakanya umaleko wesilicon, umaleko we-phosphorus (obonelela ngentlawulo engalunganga), kunye nomaleko we-boron wamandla ahlaziyekayo (obonelela ngentlawulo elungileyo). 

Okwangoku, iiseli ze-photovoltaic ishidi elincinci le-photovoltaic semiconductors eyenza umbane ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka elangeni kunye ne-voltage ephumayo ukuba nje kukho ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwelanga.

Iipaneli zelanga ngokubanzi zihlelwe ngokwezi ntlobo zilandelayo: iiphaneli zelanga ze-monocrystalline, iipaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline, iipaneli zelanga ezicwecwe, i-PERC kunye neepaneli zelanga ze-bifacial. Iiphaneli zelanga zinokusasazwa kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zepropati ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwepaneli yelanga. 

Iiphaneli zelanga zokuhlala zihlala zilinganisa i-1.6 × 1 yeemitha (malunga ne-5.25 × 3.25 iinyawo), kwaye ipaneli nganye ivelisa phakathi kwe-250 kunye ne-400 watts yamandla. Iiphaneli zelanga zorhwebo zinokuba nkulu kwaye zihambelane namandla aphezulu. 

Iipaneli zelanga ngokuqhelekileyo baphila phakathi kweminyaka engama-25-30, kodwa oku kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwi-brand kunye nomgangatho. Uninzi lweepaneli zelanga eziqinileyo ziya kubonelela ubuncinci beminyaka engama-20 yokusebenza okuqinisekisiweyo.

Ubungakanani bemarike kunye nokukhula

Umbono omkhulu iqikelela ukuba ixabiso lemarike yehlabathi ye iiphaneli zesola ifikelele kwi-USD 170.25 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2023. Eli nani lilindeleke ukuba lingqinelane kwi-CAGR ye-7.7% ngonyaka ngenxa yokwanda kwemfuno eqhubekayo. 

Imfuno yepaneli yelanga yaseChina yafikelela kwi-36.4%, ngelixa imfuno eYurophu, eMntla Melika, e-Asia-Pacific, naseIndiya yenyuka ngo-16.8%, 17.6%, 13.2%, kunye ne-6.9%, ngokulandelanayo. IYurophu kunye noMntla Melika zibalelwa kwi-34.4% yemfuno yehlabathi. 

Imfuneko eJamani, eSpeyin, ePoland, eNetherlands nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu iye yaphindaphindeka kabini ukutyhubela iminyaka. I-United States, iJamani kunye nezinye iindawo zeNtshona Yurophu zijongene nokunyuka okukhulu kweendleko zombane kunye negesi yendalo yokuhlala, nto leyo ekhokelela la mazwe ukuba asebenzise amandla elanga ngesantya esikhawulezayo.

Iindidi zephaneli yelanga

Iipaneli zelanga ikakhulu zahlulwe kwiiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ye-monocrystalline, iiphaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon, ifilimu ecekethekileyo (i-amorphous silicon) iiphaneli zelanga, iiphaneli zelanga ze-PERC, kunye neephaneli zelanga ze-bifacial.

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Monocrystalline

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline bonisa i-crystalline eqhubekayo kunye ne-uniform structure, oku kuthetha ukuba ii-electron zihamba kwizinto eziphathekayo ngokulula, okubangela ukwanda kokusebenza kakuhle. 

Ezi seli zisikwa kwikristale enye enkulu yesilicon, zinika inkangeleko engqukuva, yesikwere. Iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline zibiza kakhulu ukwenza, ubukhulu becala ngenxa yokusetyenziswa okuphantsi kwezinto ze-silicon ngexesha lemveliso kunye nobunzima benkqubo yokuvelisa ngokwayo. 

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline zineempembelelo zokuguqula phakathi kwe-15% kunye ne-22%, enye yezona zinto zisebenzayo zikhoyo kwiiseli zelanga zorhwebo namhlanje.

Olu hlobo lwepaneli yelanga lunezi ncedo zilandelayo:

Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ye-Monocrystalline zihlala zisebenza ngakumbi kuneepaneli ze-polycrystalline silicon zelanga ngenxa yokuba zinokuhamba okungcono kwe-electron.

Ukuqina: Iiphaneli zeMonocrystalline zihlala ziphila ixesha elide, kaninzi kangange-25 iminyaka okanye ngaphezulu.

Ukusebenza kobushushu obuphezulu: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-silicon ze-Monocrystalline zibonisa ukuhla okuncinci ekusebenzeni kwiindawo eziphezulu zokushisa kunezinye iintlobo zeeseli zelanga.

Imeko yesicelo:

Uphahla lwezindlu zokuhlala: Ngenxa yokusebenza kwabo okuphezulu kunye ne-aesthetics, iipaneli ze-monocrystalline ziqhele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokuhlala eziphezu kophahla lwelanga.

Izakhiwo zorhwebo: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Monocrystalline zihlala zikhethwa kwezo projekthi zineemfuno eziphezulu zokusebenza kunye nokusetyenziswa kwendawo.

Iifama ezinkulu zelanga: Kwezi projekthi, ngelixa iindleko zokuqala zinokuba phezulu, iipaneli ze-monocrystalline zibonelela ngembuyekezo engcono kutyalo-mali kwixesha elide ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu kunye nokuqina.

Izicelo eziphathekayo kunye ne-micro-applications: Iipaneli ze-Monocrystalline nazo zifanelekile kwizicelo ezinxulumene neeshaja zelanga kunye neenkqubo zamandla eziphathekayo ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo okuphezulu.

Iiphaneli zelanga zePolycrystalline

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline zesilicon zenziwe ngesilicon ye-polycrystalline, into equkethe iikristale ezincinci ze-silicon. Kwezi seli, kukho imida phakathi kweekristale ze-silicon, ezinciphisa kancinci ukuhamba kwee-electron, ngaloo ndlela zichaphazela ukusebenza kakuhle kweseli. 

Umphezulu we-polycrystalline silicon iiphaneli zelanga zihlala ziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ngombala, kwaye unokubona ipateni engaqhelekanga yeekristale. Iipaneli ze-Polycrystalline ngokuqhelekileyo zisebenza kakuhle phakathi kwe-13% kunye ne-16%, ephantsi kuneepaneli ze-monocrystalline.

Olu hlobo lwepaneli yelanga lunezi ncedo zilandelayo:

Ixabiso elisebenzayo: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline silicon zinexabiso eliphantsi ukwenza kuneepaneli ze-silicon ze-monocrystalline kuba zinenkqubo yokuvelisa elula kunye nokusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto ze-silicon. 

Iiphaneli zelanga zePolycrystalline zihlala ziphila malunga ne-20 ukuya kwi-25 iminyaka, mfutshane kancinane xa kuthelekiswa neepaneli ze-monocrystalline. Iipaneli zelanga ze-polycrystalline zihlala zingabizi kakhulu kuneepaneli ze-monocrystalline, ezenza zidume kakhulu kwiiprojekthi ezinyanzeliswayo.

Ungcoliseko oluphantsi lokusingqongileyo: Ngenxa yenkqubo yokuvelisa elula, ukuveliswa kweepaneli ze-polycrystalline silicon kunomthwalo ophantsi ngokwendalo.

Ukusebenza ngcono: Nangona ingasebenzi kakuhle kancinane, iselukhetho olungabizi kakhulu kwizicelo zeendawo ezinkulu, ezinje ngeefama zelanga.

Iimeko zovavanyo:

Iiprojekthi ezinkulu zamandla elanga: Iiphaneli zePolycrystalline zidla ngokusetyenziselwa iiprojekthi ezinkulu zombane ngenxa yeendleko zazo eziphantsi.

Uphahla lwezindlu zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo: Iipaneli zelanga ze-Polycrystalline ziyindlela engabizi kakhulu kubathengi beendawo zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olulinganiselwe.

Iinkqubo ze-Off-grid: Iiphaneli ze-Polysilicon zikwayinto ethandwayo yokhetho oluthile lwe-off-grid izicelo ezifana neenkqubo zamandla elanga kwiindawo ezikude.

Iiphaneli zesola ezinefilim ezincinci

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon ezicwengileyo zefilimu sebenzisa i-silicon ye-amorphous njengento ye-photovoltaic. Ngokwahlukileyo kwi-silicon ye-monocrystalline okanye i-polycrystalline, i-silicon ye-amorphous ayinayo i-crystalline structure. 

Ezi paneli zelanga zenziwa ngokubeka umaleko omncinci kakhulu we-silicon ye-amorphous kwi-substrate, njengeglasi okanye iplastiki, ibenze ibe mncinci kwaye ibe bhetyebhetye. Ngenxa yenkangeleko yazo ekhethekileyo kunye nokuguquguquka, iiphaneli zelanga ze-amorphous ze-silicon ezicwebezelayo zineenzuzo ngokubhekiselele kwi-aesthetics kunye nokuguquguquka koyilo.

Ubomi be-amorphous silicon ebhityileyo yeephaneli zelanga zelanga ngokuqhelekileyo ziphakathi kwe-10 kunye ne-15 leminyaka, bufutshane kunobo be-crystalline silicon solar panels. Ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-amorphous silicon thin-film panels idla ngokuba phakathi kwe-6% kunye ne-10%, ephantsi kuneepaneli ze-crystalline silicon. 

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon ezicwecwe-filim zinexabiso elingaphantsi kuneepaneli ze-silicon zelanga, ikakhulu ngenxa yenkqubo yazo elula yokuvelisa.

Olu hlobo lwepaneli yelanga lunezi ncedo zilandelayo:

Ubhityile, ukhaphukhaphu, kwaye ubhetyebhetye: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Thin-film zingasetyenziswa kuluhlu olubanzi lomphezulu ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezibhityileyo nezikhaphukhaphu, kwaye zifanelekile kwezo zakhiwo zingakwaziyo ukusingatha imithwalo enzima.

Ukusebenza kokukhanya okuphantsi: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-amorphous silicon ecwecwe-filim zisebenza ngcono kuneekristale zesilicon iiphaneli zelanga kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi (umz. ngeentsuku ezinamafu okanye ebusika).

Iimeko zovavanyo:

Isakhiwo esihlanganisiweyo se-photovoltaics (i-BIPV): Iipaneli zelanga ze-Thin-film zifanelekile ngokukodwa ukwakha i-photovoltaics edibeneyo, njengeefestile zelanga okanye iileyili zelanga.

Izixhobo eziphathwayo nezithwalayo: Ngenxa yeempawu zazo ezibhityileyo neziguquguqukayo, zikwafanelekile kwizixhobo eziphathwayo zelanga kunye nobuchwepheshe obunxitywayo belanga.

Iifama ezinkulu zelanga: Kwezinye iimeko, iiphaneli ze-amorphous silicon thin-film panels nazo zisetyenziselwa iifama ezinkulu zelanga ngenxa yeendleko zabo eziphantsi zokuvelisa.

I-emitter egqithisiweyo kunye neepaneli zelanga zeseli ezingasemva

I-Passive emitter kunye ne-rear cell panels (PERC) iiphaneli zelanga ibonisa umaleko okhethekileyo wezinto, ezifana ne-aluminium oxide, ngasemva kwiseli yelanga, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle. Olu yilo lunceda ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga ngakumbi kunye nokunciphisa ukulahleka kwee-electron.

Ubomi beepaneli zelanga ze-PERC buqhelekile kufana neepaneli zelanga ze-silicon eziqhelekileyo, ukusuka malunga ne-25 ukuya kwi-30 iminyaka. Nangona kunjalo, iindleko zokwenziwa kweephaneli zelanga ze-PERC ziphezulu kancinci kuneepaneli ze-silicon zekristale. 

Nangona kunjalo, ngokukhula kobuchule kunye nemveliso enkulu, iindleko ziyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Ukusebenza kakuhle kweepaneli zelanga ze-PERC zihlala ziphakathi kwe-18% kunye ne-22%, ephezulu kuneepaneli ze-silicon eziqhelekileyo ze-crystalline.

Olu hlobo lwepaneli yelanga lunezi ncedo zilandelayo:

Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-PERC zisebenza ngakumbi kuneepaneli ze-silicon zekristali zemveli kuba zisebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zinciphisa ukulahleka kwe-electron.

Ukusebenza okungcono kokukhanya okuphantsi: Itekhnoloji ye-PERC ivumela iiphaneli ukuba zisebenze ngcono kwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi, njengemva kwemini okanye iintsuku ezinamafu.

Iimeko zovavanyo:

Uphahla lwezindlu zokuhlala kunye nezorhwebo: Iiphaneli zelanga zePERC zikulungele ngokufanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kweendawo zokuhlala kunye neeprojekthi eziphezu kophahla lwezorhwebo apho indawo incinyiweyo ngenxa yokusebenza kwayo okuphezulu.

Iifama ezinkulu zelanga: Ukusebenza okuphezulu kwenza ukuba iiphaneli zesola zePERC zidume kwiifama ezinkulu zesola, ngakumbi apho kukho indawo encinci yomhlaba.

Imimandla yemozulu egqithisileyo: Iiphaneli zelanga ze-PERC nazo zifanelekile ngenxa yokusebenza kwazo kakuhle kwimimandla enobushushu obuphezulu okanye iimeko zokukhanya eziphantsi.

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Bifacial

Iiphaneli zelanga ze-Bifacial ziyakwazi ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga macala omabini kwaye zivelise umbane. Ezi phaneli zineeseli ze-photovoltaic ngaphambili nangasemva kwephaneli, zithatha ukukhanya kwelanga ngqo kunye nokukhanya kwelanga okubonakaliswe ngasemva kwephaneli.

Ubomi bephaneli yelanga ephindwe kabini bunokuthelekiswa nomgangatho ophezulu wephaneli yelanga enecala elinye, idla ngokumalunga nama-25 ukuya kuma-30 eminyaka. Iiphaneli zesolar eziphindwe kabini zineendleko eziphezulu zokwenza kuneephaneli zemveli ezicalanye, ngenxa yenkqubo yazo entsonkothileyo yokuvelisa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezixhobo ezisebenza kabini. 

Kwangaxeshanye, iindleko zokufakela zinokuba phezulu kancinci kunezo zephaneli zemveli ezicalanye, ngakumbi ukuba kukho imfuneko yokwandisa ukuveliswa kwamandla kumacala omabini.

Ukusebenza ngokubanzi kweepaneli zelanga ze-bifacial kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa i-angle yokunyuka, ukubonakaliswa komhlaba, kunye neemeko zokusingqongileyo. Ngokwethiyori, banokusebenza ngakumbi nge-10% ukuya kwi-30% kuneephaneli enye.

Olu hlobo lwepaneli yelanga lunezi ncedo zilandelayo:

Ukuveliswa kwamandla aphezulu: Enkosi kubuchule babo bokuthatha ukukhanya kwelanga kumacala omabini, iiphaneli zelanga eziphindwe kabini zivelisa umbane omninzi kuneephaneli eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo.

Ukusebenza okuphezulu: Ukusebenza kweephaneli ze-bifacial panels kunokongezwa kakhulu phantsi kweekhrayitheriya ezithile, njengaxa zifakwe kwindawo ebonisa kakhulu (umz. uphahla olumhlophe okanye imigangatho).

Ukusetyenziswa kwesithuba esingcono: Ukusetyenziswa kweendawo ezixineneyo, njengakwimo engqongileyo yasezidolophini, iiphaneli zelanga ezinobuso obubini zinokwenza ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwendawo ekhoyo.

Iimeko zovavanyo:

Iifama ezinkulu zombane welanga: iiphaneli zesolar ze-bifacial zinokunyusa ukuphuma kwamandla kwindawo nganye yeyunithi, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezinokukhanya okuphezulu komhlaba.

Iinkqubo zophahla lwentengiso: Kuphahleni lwezakhiwo zorhwebo, ngakumbi ezo zinezixhobo zokuphahla ezibonisa kakhulu iinkampani ezinjalo, iiphaneli zelanga ezinobuso obubini zinokubonelela ngokuveliswa kombane ongezelelweyo.

Iishedi zokupaka kunye nophahla lwesakhiwo: Iiphaneli zelanga ezimacala omabini zikwafanelekile kwizakhiwo ezinjengeeshedi zokupaka, iipaseji zokhuselo, njl. njl., kwaye ziyakwazi ukubamba ukukhanya kwelanga ukusuka kumacala omabini aphezulu nasezantsi.

Iindlela kunye nemingeni

ekwizinga

Ukusebenza kwepaneli yelanga kuyaqhubeka nokuphucula

Itekhnoloji ye-PERC: Itekhnoloji ye-PERC inciphisa ilahleko yokuhlanganiswa kwakhona kwee-elektroni kwaye iphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kokuguqulwa kwefotoelectric yeebhetri ngokongeza umaleko wokudlula kunye nomaleko obonakalayo ngasemva kweebhetri zelanga ze-crystalline ze-silicon. Le teknoloji iye yaba yindlela yokuvelisa eqhelekileyo.

Iipaneli zesolar ezikwi-bifacial: Ngokusebenzisa ukukhanya kwelanga okubonakalayo emhlabeni okanye kweminye imiphezulu, iiphaneli ze-bifacial zingabamba ukukhanya kwelanga okongeziweyo kwicala elingasemva. Le teknoloji ibaluleke kakhulu kwiindawo apho ubukhulu bemitha yelanga bubuthathaka, kwaye inokunyusa kakhulu ukuphuma kwamandla.

I-Heterojunction (HJT) iiseli zelanga: Ukudibanisa iinzuzo ze-amorphous kunye ne-crystalline silicon, iteknoloji ye-HJT iphucula ukuhamba kwe-electron kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweeseli ngokudibanisa i-amorphous silicon layer kumphezulu we-silicon ye-crystalline. Iibhetri ze-HJT ziqhuba kakuhle kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi nakwiimeko zokukhanya okuphantsi.

I-TopCon: Itekhnoloji ye-Tunnel oxide passivated contact (i-TopCon) yindlela ephucukileyo yokwenza iibhetri zelanga. Iphakamisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle kweeseli kunye nokuzinza ngokwenza umaleko we-tunnel oxide kunye ne-passivated contact layer ngasemva kwe-crystalline silicon cell. Itekhnoloji ye-TopCon ifaneleke ngokukodwa kwizicelo ezifuna ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka okuphezulu.

Iiseli zelanga ze-Perovskite: I-teknoloji ye-Perovskite yiteknoloji ye-solar ekhulayo eyaziwayo ngexabiso eliphantsi kunye nokusebenza okuphezulu. Ezi seli zisebenzisa izinto ze-perovskite (uhlobo lwe-metal halide) njengoluhlu oluthatha ukukhanya, lunika inzuzo yeendleko ekuveliseni ngelixa ligcina ukuguqulwa kwamandla avuselelekayo. Iiseli zePerovskite zibonisa amandla amakhulu kwintsimi yeepaneli zelanga eziguquguqukayo kunye neziprintwayo.

Iindleko zihlala zisehla

Ngeteknoloji yokuvelisa engcono, iindleko zokuvelisa iipaneli zelanga ziyaqhubeka zinciphisa. Umzekelo, imveliso ezenzekelayo, iindlela ezingcono zokukhula kwe-silicon crystal inokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwezinto ezikrwada kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamandla.

mngeni

Ibhalansi phakathi kobuchule kunye neendleko: Ukuphuhliswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kufuneka kukhatshwe kunye nolawulo lweendleko zokuqinisekisa ukukhuphisana kwemarike yeemveliso zePV.

Uzinzo kunye nongcoliseko lokusingqongileyo: Yonke inkqubo yokuveliswa kweebhetri zelanga kufuneka ihlolwe, kubandakanywa ukutsalwa kwezinto ezikrwada, inkqubo yokuvelisa kunye nokulahlwa kokugqibela kwakhona. 

Ngokomzekelo, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nokulahlwa kwenkunkuma ngexesha lokucocwa kwe-silicon kunye nokuveliswa kweepaneli yimiba ephambili.

Ugcino lwamandla kunye neegridi zamandla: Ukuphuhliswa kobugcisa obusebenzayo, obunexabiso eliphantsi logcino lwamandla ahlaziyekayo lungundoqo ekujonganeni neempawu eziphazamisayo zokuveliswa kwamandla elanga. Ngexesha elifanayo, isiseko segridi kufuneka siphuculwe ukuze kulungiselelwe ukufikelela kwiimali ezibalulekileyo zamandla elanga asasazwayo.

Inkxaso yemarike nemigaqo-nkqubo: Imigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente, iinkxaso-mali kunye nenkuthazo yerhafu zibalulekile ekukhuthazeni ubugcisa belanga. Kwangaxeshanye, utyalo-mali lukawonke-wonke kunye nolwabucala lweR&D luyinto ephambili ekukhuthazeni ukusungulwa kwezinto ezintsha zobuchwepheshe.

Ikhonkco lokubonelela: Ukugcina imigangatho ephezulu yomgangatho wemveliso ngelixa ufezekisa imveliso enkulu. Kwangaxeshanye, kukho umngcipheko wokuguquguquka kweendleko zempahla ekrwada kunye nokuphazamiseka kwikhonkco lokubonelela ngehlabathi jikelele, njengemiba yokufumaneka kwesilicon kunye nesilivere.

Ezinye iingcebiso ngaphambi kokuba uthenge

Vavanya iimfuno zamandla

Qikelela ukuveliswa kwamandla ngokuqwalasela indawo yejografi kunye nemozulu yendawo (umzekelo, umndilili weeyure zokukhanya kwelanga, iipatheni zemozulu). Khetha i-engile kunye nokuqhelaniswa nokukhanya kwelanga kwindawo ethile ukumisela i-engile yokubeka indawo yolawulo.

Khetha uhlobo oluchanekileyo lwephaneli yelanga

Ukuba indawo iyancipha, ukusebenza okuphezulu kuyafuneka, kwaye uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwanele, abaninikhaya kufuneka bakhethe i-monocrystalline iiphaneli zesola. Ukuba uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lulinganiselwe okanye indawo ekhoyo inkulu, nangona kunjalo, iipaneli ze-polycrystalline zinokufaneleka ngakumbi, nangona zingaphantsi kancinci. 

Iiphaneli zelanga ezithin-film (umzekelo, i-CIGS, i-CdTe) zilungele usetyenziso ezinomgangatho ongaqhelekanga okanye apho kufuneka ukunyuswa okubhetyebhetye. Iiphaneli zesolar eziphindwe kabini zinokubonelela ngesivuno esiphezulu samandla ahlaziyekayo kwiindawo ezinokusebenzisa ukukhanya okubonakalayo ukusuka emhlabeni okanye kwezinye izakhiwo.

Hlalutya ukuphumelela kweendleko

• Bala ixabiso lokuqala lofakelo lweepaneli zelanga, kubandakanywa iindleko zezixhobo ezifana neepaneli, ii-inverters, kunye ne-racking, kunye neendleko zokufakela.
• Vavanya imveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo elindelekileyo kunye neendleko zokusebenza zexesha elide, kubandakanywa ukugcinwa kunye neendleko ezinokubakho zokutshintsha ipaneli.
• Thatha ingqalelo inkxaso-mali karhulumente ekhoyo, inkuthazo yerhafu, kunye nenye inkxaso yomgaqo-nkqubo.
• Qikelela imveliso yamandla ahlaziyekayo ngonyaka kwaye ubale ixesha lokuhlawula kunye nezinga lembuyekezo.

Khetha umntu onamava kunye nohloniphekileyo wokufaka inkqubo yelanga

• Qinisekisa ukuba iqela lofakelo liyayazi imithetho yokwakha yasekuhlaleni kunye neemfuno zokufikelela kwigridi.
• Lungiselela ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokucoca ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kweepaneli zelanga.
• Sebenzisa inkqubo yokubeka iliso ehlakaniphile ukulandelela ukusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nokuchonga iingxaki ngexesha.
• Misela ishedyuli yokulungisa rhoqo equka ukucoca iipaneli zelanga kunye nokujonga ukudibanisa kombane.
• Kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu, cinga ukusebenzisa inkqubo yokuhlola ekude ukujonga ukusebenza kwenkqubo ngexesha lokwenyani.

Okokugqibela, ukuba unomdla wokuthenga iiphaneli zelanga, uya kufumana amawaka eemveliso ezifanelekileyo kubathengisi abathembekileyo Chovm.com.