Ibhalansi iphumile kwiinjini zokutsha kwaye isiya kwintengiso ye-EV, kodwa iziseko ezisisiseko ziyalumisa utshintsho.
Imfuno yeenjini zokutsha zangaphakathi (i-ICE) izithuthi ziye zafumana incopho yazo, ngokutsho kweengcali zoshishino, zenza indlela yokuthengisa imoto yombane (EV), ebonakala ikhula ngokuhambelana nemarike yokuphuhlisa ibhetri. Nangona kunjalo, ishishini liya kuthintelwa kukufumaneka okulinganiselweyo kwezikhululo zokutshaja kunye neenkqubo zofakelo olucothayo.
Ukutshintsha ukusuka kwii-ICEs sele kuqhutywa ngokuqinileyo, kunye nemarike ye-EV ifumana ukukhula okukhulu kumazwe ngamazwe. I-inshurensi yemoto ye-Confused.com ithelekisa utshintsho lonyaka kwiintengiso ze-EV ukususela ngo-2017 kwihlabathi jikelele, ukuqaphela amazwe alishumi aphezulu abone amazinga okukhula angaphezu kwe-100%. I-Brazil iphakamise uluhlu kunye ne-285.5% yokukhula ngonyaka kwiintengiso ze-EV, ngelixa i-Israel ne-India ilandele i-281.8% kunye ne-183.4%, ngokulandelanayo.
I-EV "indawo yokucebisa"
UDavid Leah, uMhlalutyi oMkhulu kwiqela le-GlobalData's Powertrain, uqwalasele olu tshintsho lwemarike lusiya kwii-EVs: “Ayizukwenzeka ngobusuku obunye kwaye kushiyeke inani lemingcipheko enokucothisa inguqu. Oko kuthethiweyo, kuqwalaselwe iindlela zangaphandle kunye neshishini, ukutshintshela kwiimoto ezikhupha i-zero kubonakala kungenakuphepheka. ”
Olu tshintsho “lungenakuthintelwa” luqhutywa kukuzibophelela kwabenzi beemoto ekwandeni kofakelo lombane, bekhuthazwa yimigaqo-nkqubo karhulumente. EYurophu, ezi ziquka ummiselo we-EU we-CO2 wokukhutshwa kweemoto kunye neeveni, ngelixa e-China, isigunyaziso se-New Energy Vehicles (NEV) sabela iikhredithi kwizithuthi ngokuxhomekeke kuluhlu lombane, ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla, kunye namandla alinganisiweyo eenkqubo zeeseli zamafutha.
Imodeli yaseTshayina ilandele inkqubo ye-Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV) yaseCalifornia, efuna abavelisi bezithuthi ezinomthamo omkhulu kunye nophakathi ukuze baqinisekise ukuba umlinganiselo othile weentengiso zabo zii-plug-in hybrid EVs okanye iimoto ezikhupha i-zero-emission.
Ngeemoto zombane ezizizigidi ezili-10 endleleni kwihlabathi jikelele ngo-2020, olu tshintsho kwindlela eyenziwa ngabavelisi sele luguqulelwe kutshintsho kwimikhwa yokuthenga abathengi, njengoko iinkampani zibona ukuthengisa kubonakalisa ukusuka kwii-ICEs. IGosa eliPhezulu lezeziMali lakwaBMW uWalter Mertl's kule veki uthe: “Indawo yokufikelela kwiinjini zokutsha ibikunyaka ophelileyo …
UJordan Roberts, umhlalutyi wezinto ezisetyenziswayo zebhetri kwii-Fastmarkets, uqaphele uphando lwamva nje lwe-Go Zero Charge yabantu abadala be-1,200 e-UK efumanise ukuba ngaphezulu kwe-93% abayi kubuyela ekuqhubeni isithuthi se-ICE. Ecinga ngemiphumo yolu tshintsho, wayixhasa ingongoma kaMertl, esithi: “Sifikelele kwinqanaba lokuba sisuke kwizinto ezinokutsha sisiya kwiimoto zombane.”
Iibhetri zombuso oqinileyo ziqhuba imakethi ye-EV
Ubuchule obutsha kwicandelo lebhetri bubonakalisa ukuba yeyona nto iqhubayo kwishishini le-EV, njengoko ukutshaja okukhawulezayo kunye noluhlu lokuqhuba olude lunika abavelisi ithuba lokukhuphisana.
UJohn Ellmore, uMhleli we Isikhokelo seMoto yoMbane, yacacisa: "Iibhetri ezikwimeko eqinileyo zimela umda olandelayo kwitekhnoloji yebhetri, ebonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi kwiibhetri zelithium-ion zemveli. Ngoxinaniso lwamandla aphezulu, bathembisa amabanga amade okuqhuba, bejongana nenye yeenkxalabo zabathengi malunga nee-EVs-uluhlu lwamaxhala. "
UToyota uzibonakalisa ukuba uyinkokeli kobu buchwepheshe butsha. Inkampani isanda kwazisa ibhetri entsha yemoto yombane, ngenxa yokuqaliswa kokuveliswa kweemodeli ezintsha kwi-2026. Iimodeli ziya kusebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ze-Toyota, ezine-electrolyte eqinile ukuze zikwazi ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kweeyoni, ezixhasa ukutshaja ngokukhawuleza kunye nokukhupha.
U-Ellmore ucacise ngokubaluleka kwenkqubela phambili yamva nje yenkampani kubuchwepheshe bebhetri: “IToyota sele iza kuzisa iinguqulelo ezimbini zebhetri yelizwe eliqinileyo, enye ibonelela ngoluhlu olunomtsalane lweemayile ezingama-621 kwaye enye ide idlule iimayile ezingama-745. Olu ayilophuculo nje olunyukayo, kukutsibela phambili. ”
Imiqobo ejongene nemarike ye-EV
Ukufudukela kwii-EVs kusenokwenzeka ukuba kufikelele “kwinqanaba lokuphela,” kodwa ukukhula koshishino sele kujongene nemiqobo emininzi. Ezi ziquka iipremiyamu zexabiso le-EV, uthungelwano lokutshaja olungathembekiyo, kunye nokukhula okucothayo kwiziseko zoncedo zokutshaja, kunye neseti yokugqibela ibe yindawo ethile yentlungu kwishishini.
E-UK, urhulumente ujonge ukuhambisa i-300,000 ye-EV yokutshaja iindawo zoluntu ngo-2030. Nangona kunjalo, injongo ye-ambitious iyinkimbinkimbi ngokusebenza kofakelo.
U-Asif Ghafoor, i-CEO yenethiwekhi yentlawulo yesizwe i-Be.EV, icacisile: “Ukuze sisondele kurhulumente ekujoliswe kuko ngo-2030 weetshaja zikawonke-wonke ezingama-300,000 kufuneka sifakele iitshaja ezili-110 ngosuku xa kuthelekiswa nezinga langoku lama-40 ngosuku. Le yingxaki entsonkothileyo ekufuneka isonjululwe, njengoko ingekho phantsi nje ekuboneleleni ngetshaja – lonke ikhonkco kwikhonkco lenza into engalunganga.
“Abanikazi bemihlaba bayayicothisa inkqubo, bahlala kumhlaba wabo kwaye abawuncami ukuba bahlawule iindawo. Indlela abantu abahlaziya ngayo iimoto zabo kufuneka ijonge ngakumbi njengokutshaja ifowuni yakho kunokugcwalisa kwimpompo. Kufuneka ilingane nendlela ophila ngayo – hlawulisa imoto ngelixa ukwindawo yokuzivocavoca okanye evenkileni enkulu – kwaye abanini-mhlaba bayathandabuza ukulungisa iindawo zabo zokupakisha ukuze zilungele lo mbono.”
Iinkokeli kunye ne-laggards kwitekhnoloji ye-EV
Ngaphandle kwemingeni yeziseko zophuhliso, ezinye iinkampani ziye zavela njengeenkokeli kwimarike ye-EV. USammy Chan, uMphathi weZibonelelo zokuThengisa iiMoto kwi-GlobalData, ichonge i-BYD kunye neTesla njengeenkampani ezibone impumelelo ethile, ngelixa iMazda, iSubaru kunye neSuzuki ziye zazabalaza.
U-Chan wachaza ukuba kutheni i-laggards ijongene neengxaki: "Uninzi lweentengiso zabo azikho e-China, okanye ugxininiso lwabo lukwimimandla apho umthetho obhekiselele ekuthengiseni i-EV ungenzeki ngokukhawuleza njengaseYurophu, umzekelo."
Umthombo ovela Ngokuzenzekelayo nje
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