Iindidi ezi-5 eziphezulu zabalimi ukunyusa isivuno

Abathengisi kunye namashishini kufuneka benze isigqibo esifanelekileyo kubathengi babo. Kodwa ekubeni bebaninzi abalimi abakhoyo, banokwazi njani ukuba ngabaphi abona balungileyo? Le bhlog ityhila iintlobo ezi-5 eziphezulu zabalimi kwaye yabelane ngeengcebiso malunga nendlela yokukhetha okulungileyo.

Isiqulatho
Abalimi vs abalimi: yintoni umahluko?
Ingakanani imarike yabalimi?
Iingcebiso ezi-4 zokukunceda ukhethe umlimi ofanelekileyo
Iintlobo eziphezulu ze-5 zabalimi kunye neenzuzo zabo
Abalimi zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kumafama nakubalimi

Abalimi vs abalimi: yintoni umahluko?

Umlimi sisixhobo esisetyenziswa ekulimeni nasegadini ukunceda ukulungisa umhlaba wokuhlwayela imbewu yezityalo. Umlimi unemisebenzi emininzi eyahlukeneyo kodwa usetyenziswa kakhulu ukuqhekeza umaleko ongaphezulu womhlaba, ukususa ukhula, nokulungisa umhlaba oza kutyalwa.

Imigaqo umlimi kwaye somlimi zidla ngokusetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo, kodwa kukho umahluko phakathi kwazo. Abalimi banamacangca amancinci akhulula umhlaba, ngelixa iiplanga zasefama okanye zasegadini zineencakuba ezinkulu ezigrumba nzulu emhlabeni ukuze ziqhawule amagaqa kunye neengca. Oku kuthetha ukuba abalimi basebenza ngcono kwiindawo ezincinci ngelixa izixhobo zokuhlakula zifanele amasimi amakhulu kunye namasimi.

Ingakanani imarike yabalimi?

Imfuno ekhulayo yokuphuculwa kweendlela zolimo, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo, iqhuba imfuno yoomatshini basefama. Ngaloo ndlela, ukwamkelwa kwabalimi kuyanda. Ngaphaya koko, kukho ugxininiso olukhulayo kwiindlela zokulima ezichanekileyo kwihlabathi liphela. Ngokwengxelo yophando lwentengiso ye-Technavio yamva nje, urhwebo lwehlabathi lwabalimi kulindeleke ukuba lukhule USD 319.03 Izigidi ngo-2020-2024 kwi-CAGR engaphezulu kwe-4%, ibonelela ngamathuba amakhulu kubavelisi kunye nabathengisi boomatshini bezolimo.

Ummandla waseAsia-Pacific unesabelo esikhulu sentengiso kwaye kulindeleke ukuba uhlale unjalo, ngenxa yokwanda kokusetyenziswa kwabalimi kwiifama ezincinci. Ukukhula kwenani labemi, imfuno yokutya, kunye nemfuneko yokunyusa izivuno zezona zinto ziqhuba intengiso yabalimi, yiyo loo nto imfuno yezi mveliso isanda kumazwe asaphuhlayo anjenge China, iIndiya, iBrazil, neRussia.

Iingcebiso ezi-4 zokukunceda ukhethe umlimi ofanelekileyo

Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zokulima kuquka amandla egesi, umbane, kunye nesandla. Nanga amacebiso amane okunceda amashishini akhethe umlimi ofanelekileyo ngokuxhomekeke kwiimfuno zomthengi.

Umphezulu wendawo efuna ukulinywa

Ubungakanani bendawo efuna ukulinywa buya kulawula uhlobo lomlimi anokukhetha kulo. Ukulima indawo enkulu efana nentsimi ethafeni, ngoko kuyacetyiswa ukuba usebenzise umlimi oxhonywe ngetrektara njengamakhuba etshizi okanye iiharrows zamatsheyini njengoko oku kuya konga ixesha kunye nomgudu. Ukuba indawo incinci ngoko umlimi ophathwa ngesandla unokwanela umsebenzi.

Ubunzulu bokulima obufunekayo

Ukulima kubandakanya ukuqhekeza umhlaba ngekhuba okanye ngekhuba ukuze kube lula ukuwujika kunye nokutyala imbewu okanye ibhalbhu kuwo. Abalimi abaphathwa ngesandla ngokuqhelekileyo basebenza kumhlaba ongekho nzulu ngeli xesha abalimi abarhuqekayo abafana neeharo zediskhi banokhetho olubanzi olubanzi ngokuxhomekeke kubunzulu abanokwemba emhlabeni.

Uhlobo lomhlaba

Uhlobo lomhlaba lunokuchaphazela uhlobo lomlimi oluwufanelekela kakuhle lo msebenzi. Ukuba kukho amatye amaninzi okanye amatye, umlimi olula angangcono kunenzima njengoko ekwazi ukuhambahamba lula kwaye angabambeki kangako. Kwimihlaba ethambileyo, ekulula ukuyiqhekeza, umlimi onzima kakhulu uya kufaneleka njengoko enokwemba nzulu emhlabeni ukuze afumane ubunzulu obufunekayo bokulima.

Power umthombo

Abalimi banikwa amandla yimithombo eyahlukeneyo ebandakanya igesi kunye nombane. Kwiindawo ezincinci zokulima, umlimi wombane uya kwanela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iindawo ezinkulu zinokufuna imodeli yombane wegesi. Iimodeli ezisebenza ngerhasi zinokusuka kubalimi abakhaphukhaphu kunye ne-handlebar eneqhekeza elinye ukuya kwi-heavy-duty disc harrows.

Iintlobo eziphezulu ze-5 zabalimi kunye neenzuzo zabo

Abalimi bezandla

Abalimi abanezitiya ezincinci okanye abo banezityalo ezimbalwa ngokwentelekiso banokufumanisa ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwezixhobo zokulima ngezandla kwamkelekile ngokugqibeleleyo. Ezi ntlobo zabalimi zidla ngokusetyenziselwa ukulima i-intshi ezimbini eziphezulu zomhlaba. Zisebenza kakuhle kakhulu kumhlaba okhululekileyo noxineneyo kwaye zingasetyenziselwa ukutshabalalisa nakuphi na ukukhula kokhula okungafunwayo phezu komhlaba.

Multifama ngesandla umlimi

The umlimi wezandla weefama ezininzi ngumlimi osebenza ngezandla olungele ukulima okanye ukulungisa umhlaba kwiindawo ezincinci. Ixhotyiswe ngamatayara erabha ukuze kube lula ukuhamba kwaye inciphisa ukuxinana komhlaba. Ngohlengahlengiso olwahlukeneyo kunye nesikali sokulawula ubunzulu, lo ngumlimi ogqibeleleyo kumafama akhetha izixhobo zezandla.

Mini manual cultivator

The umlimi owenziwe ngesandla omncinci isetyenziswa kakhulu kumabhoma, amasimi nasezintabeni. Lo mlimi wezandla unokusetyenziselwa ukuhlakula, ukugalela umhlaba okhululekileyo, okanye ukupholisa amasimi. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa kwaye yakhiwe ngamavili amabini anokuguqulwa abelinye xa usebenza kwiindawo ezincinci ezifana neendlela. Lo mlimi wezandla uza nendlela yokukhulula ngokukhawuleza ukuvumela umlimi ukuba atshintshe iindawo ngokulula ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wokulima awufunayo.

I-injini-power cultivators

Abalimi abasebenzisa i-injini zizixhobo ezintle zokulungiselela ibhedi enkulu yegadi okanye ukuphula umhlaba oqinileyo. Zikwaluncedo nasekuhluleni phakathi kwemiqolo yezityalo kunye nokuphefumla umhlaba ojikeleze izityalo esele zikhulile. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili ze-injini yokulima: amandla egesi kunye nombane. Abalimi abasebenzisa igesi banika amandla amaninzi kodwa bafuna ulondolozo olungaphezulu kuneemodeli zombane. Iimodeli zombane zikhaphukhaphu kwaye kulula ukuyisebenzisa, kodwa azikwazi kubamba umhlaba oqinileyo okanye ukhula kakuhle.

Abalimi bombane

Umlimi ojikelezayo omncinci ongenazintambo

The umlimi ojikelezayo omncinci ongenazintambo yi-rotavator yokulima kunye nokulima efanelekileyo ukulima umhlaba, ukukhulula iingcambu zokhula, okanye ukuphefumla umhlaba. Lo mlimi ongenazintambo wombane uvumela ukusebenza lula ngaphandle kokukhathazeka ngentlantsi okanye ukukhupha igesi. Ukuqhayisa ubunzulu bokusebenza be-180 mm kunye nesantya esingasebenziyo se-150 rpm, lo mlimi wombane uya kuqinisekisa ixesha elisebenzayo lokulima.

Isitiya esinentambo yokulima yombane

The igadi enentambo yokulima yombane iqhutywa yi-AC motor kwaye ilungele ukusetyenziswa egadini okanye efama. Ixhotyiswe ngomqheba othi “H uhlobo” kwaye iyasebenza enkosi kwintambo yombane ehlengahlengiswayo, nto leyo enika umsebenzisi ixesha elingakumbi lokusebenza xa kuthelekiswa neentambo zombane ezingenazintambo. Ifaka ii-6 × 4 iiblades ezinobude be-205 mm nganye enokwemba imingxunya enesisa emhlabeni.

Abalimi begesi

Umlimi ojikelezayo omncinci

The umlimi ojikelezayo omncinci ngumlimi osebenza ngegesi, olungele amathafa, iintaba, ukulima umhlaba, kunye namasimi athafa. Ngombulelo kukumiswa okuhlengahlengiswayo, umsebenzisi unokulawula ukuba iincakuba zingena nzulu kangakanani emhlabeni ukuze kugqitywe ngokuthe ngqo ngakumbi. Lo mlimi osebenza ngerhasi uza nezinto ezininzi ozincamatheleyo ezinje ngekhephu, iibhari zokusika, izitshixo zengca, nokunye.

Umlimi wepetroli wasefama

The ifama yepetroli yokulima ngomnye wabalimi abakhokelayo bamasimi ngenxa yokuphatheka kwayo kunye nesakhelo sentsimbi engenasici. Ixhotyiswe ngamavili okhula, iincakuba ezijikelezayo, kunye namatayara aqinileyo obomi obude benkonzo. Lo mlimi wepetroli unamavili angagugiyo ukuze asebenze kuzo zonke iindidi zomhlaba, kwaye uza nezinto ozikhethelayo ezifana namavili epaddy, amakhuba okulima, kunye namakhuba ajikelezileyo.

Itsheyina liyakrazula

Iintsimbi zekhonkco yindlela elula, esebenzayo yokukhulula umhlaba. Zenziwe ngamatyathanga eentsimbi zentsimbi. Xa zitsalwa ebaleni, ezi spikes zigrumba emhlabeni ziwuvuthulule. Oku kunceda ukwahlula umhlaba oshinyeneyo, oxineneyo kwaye ukhuphe izigaqa ezinkulu. I-chain harrows iphinda iphefumle umhlaba, inyusa ukugcinwa kwawo kwamanzi.

Tsala iharrow yetsheyini

The tsala ikhonkco lokutsala lukhetho olugqibeleleyo kubalimi abafuna ukucoca ukhula, iingcambu zemithi, kunye neegrabile kwiindawo ezomileyo okanye amasimi epaddy. Ukongeza, inceda ukunciphisa udaka kunye nokuxinana komhlaba kwiindawo ezimanzi. Le harrow yetsheyini yokutsala iqulathe ityathanga elide elinamazinyo entsimbi eyomeleleyo kwaye inoyilo lokuqengqeleka elineerola ezimbini zeenzwane ezenza kube lula ukusebenza kwetrektara.

Ifreyim yengca iharrow

The ingca yesakhelo iharrow litsheyina elibalaseleyo elinonxibelelwano olunamanqaku ama-3, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuyisebenzisa nalo naluphi na uhlobo lwetrektara. Lo mlimi uya kutshabalalisa umhlaba ongqonge ingca kwaye uya kunceda abalimi ukuba bangenise umoya emhlabeni kwaye basuse ukhula kunye nobulembu. Ngenxa yoko, le chain harrow iya kuphucula ukukhula kwaye inciphise imfuno yezichumisi zemichiza.

Iiharrow kwidiskhi

I-disc harrow luhlobo lomlimi olubandakanya iidiski ezininzi zentsimbi ezibunjwe kunye. Iintsimbi zediskhi zinokutsalwa emva kwetrektara okanye omnye umthombo wamandla onzima. Ii-disc harrows zinokuhlengahlengiswa ukuvumela iidiski ukuba zisike nzulu emhlabeni, ziqhekeza umhlaba oqinileyo okanye ukuhlakula umhlaba oshinyeneyo, onodongwe.

Enzima-umsebenzi disc harrow

The I-harrow yediski enzima sisitsalane esinzima sediskhi esirhuqwayo esisetyenziselwa ukulima ngokungaphaya, ukuqhekeza amagada, ukulungisa umhlaba wokuhlwayela, kunye nokungcwatywa kwezinto eziphilayo. Le harrow inokudityaniswa netrektara ngokulula ngokusebenzisa uqhagamshelwano olunamanqaku amathathu kwaye inomqolo owomeleleyo kunye nespool.

Trailed offset disc harrow

The trailed offset disc harrow yenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwezolimo okusebenzayo kunye nomsebenzi wasendle, njengokulungisa intsalela yezityalo, ukwaphula umphezulu womhlaba oqinileyo, kunye nokutyala umhlaba. Ngomthamo ophezulu wokugubha kunye nokukwazi ukungena kumhlaba wodongwe onzima, i-wasteland, kunye namasimi ane-wedy, le disk harrow iya kunika ukusebenza okunamandla kuluhlu olubanzi lwegadi kunye nezicelo zefama.

Itshizili iyalima

Amakhuba etshise luhlobo lomlimi oqala ngokugrumba umhlaba, aze awuqhawule ube ziziqwengana ezincinci ngamanqina. Amakhuba e-Chisel asetyenziswa rhoqo kunye nezinye izixhobo, ezifana neeharrow okanye iidiski. Inzuzo ephambili yamakhuba etshizi kukukwazi kwabo ukugrumba nzulu emhlabeni ngaphandle kokuwujika ngokupheleleyo. Oku kunceda ukuthintela ukhukuliseko, olunokuba yingxaki kwiindawo ezinemvula encinane.

Ikhuba letshizi yetrektara

The ikhuba letshizi yetrektara inonxibelelwano olunamanqaku amathathu kwaye inokufakwa kumqadi wasekhohlo weetrektara phakathi kwamavili angaphambili nangasemva. Ingasetyenziselwa ukukhulula umhlaba nzulu kunye nokuqhekeza amagada, okanye kudityaniswe nomatshini wembewu. Inemigca emi-3 kunye neradiyasi encinci yokujika ukuze isetyenziswe kuzo zombini iifama ezinkulu neziphakathi.

Ikhuba letshiseli yebhodi

The ibhodi chisel ikhuba ngumlimi ogqibeleleyo kumhlaba owomileyo onesanti. Ikwalungele umhlaba ophakathi, oqinileyo, kunye nomnyama womqhaphu. Ngolwakhiwo olulula lwemithi kunye noqhagamshelwano olunamanqaku ama-3, eli khuba letshizi liza nesixhobo esijingayo esipheleleyo ekulula ukuncamathisela kwiitrektara zobukhulu obahlukeneyo.

Abalimi zizixhobo ezibalulekileyo kumafama nakubalimi

Abalimi bezoLimo, nokuba ngamafama amakhulu okanye iigadi ezincinci, bavumela abalimi kunye nabalimi ngokufanayo ukuba benze indawo efanelekileyo yokukhulisa izityalo ngokulima kunye nokufaka umoya emhlabeni. Iindidi ezidumileyo zokulima ziquka iiharrows zamatsheyina, iidisk harrows, iitshisel plows, kunye ne-electric and manual cultivators. Ngokufunda ngeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zabalimi kwizikhokelo zokhetho ezinjalo, abathengi bamashishini baya kuba nolwazi abaludingayo ukuze benze isigqibo sokuthenga esifanelekileyo xa bethenga abalimi. Chovm.com!