Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeZixhobo zokuVelisa

Ukuvelisa yinkqubo ebanzi kakhulu ebandakanya ukuguqula imathiriyeli ekrwada ibe yimpahla egqityiweyo. Izixhobo zokuvelisa ziquka izixhobo, oomatshini kunye neenkqubo ezisetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Injongo yesi sixhobo kukwandisa imveliso, ukuphucula umgangatho, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko kwinkqubo yokuvelisa. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokuvelisa ezisetyenziswa kwishishini lokuvelisa kwaye nganye inenjongo yayo ekhethekileyo.

Eli nqaku liza kugrumba ngakumbi kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokuvelisa. Ukongeza, iyakuxoxa ngesabelo sentengiso, ubungakanani, imfuno, kunye nenqanaba lokukhula elilindelekileyo lezixhobo zokuvelisa.

Isiqulatho
Isishwankathelo semarike yezixhobo zokwenza
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokuvelisa
isiphelo

Isishwankathelo semarike yezixhobo zokwenza

Ehlabathini lonke, izixhobo zokuvelisa ziveliswa ziinkampani ezinkulu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye zezi nkampani ziquka iApplied Materials Inc, iTetra Laval International SA, kunye neTokyo Electron Ltd. Imarike yoomatshini bokwenza iquka amasebe aliqela oshishino afana noomatshini bokwenza amalaphu, oomatshini bokwenza irabha kunye neplastiki, oomatshini bokushicilela, kunye nabanye.

Ubungakanani bemarike yoomatshini bokuvelisa bamazwe ngamazwe buxatyiswe I-USD 572.62 yezigidigidi ngo-2021 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba yande ukuya kuthi ga kwi-793.85 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2025 kwi-CAGR ye-9%. Ukukhula ngeli xesha loqikelelo ikakhulu kubalelwa kwinkqubela phambili ekhawulezileyo yetekhnoloji eya kuqhuba ulutsha koomatshini bemizi-mveliso.

Ngokwengingqi, i-Asia Pacific ibhalise esona sabelo semarike sikhulu, esibalelwa malunga ne-56% ngo-2020. INtshona Yurophu irekhode i-20% yesabelo semakethi, eyayiyeyesibini ngobukhulu. Ukongeza, iAfrika yayiyeyona ndawo incinci imelwe kwimarike yoomatshini bokwenza imveliso yehlabathi.

Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zezixhobo zokuvelisa

1. Oomatshini bokugaya

Oomatshini bokugaya yenza imisebenzi yobuchwephesha ebandakanya ukuguqula umphetho wesixhobo sokusika okanye iblade kwindawo yokusebenza ukwenza iimilo ezifunwayo kunye noyilo. Zisetyenziselwa umatshini womatshini osicaba, orhabaxa, kunye nomphezulu ongaqhelekanga apho i-workpiece yondliwa ngokuchasene nomsiki ojikelezayo wokusila. Ngokubanzi, uninzi lweCNC oomatshini bokungqusha ube nokuchaneka nokuchaneka ukusuka ku-0.01mm ukuya kwi-0.03mm. Ukongeza, umsiki oqhelekileyo wokusila unobubanzi obusuka kwi-16mm ukuya kwi-630mm. Ububanzi bukhethwe ngokusekelwe kubunzulu bokugaya kunye nobubanzi.

Ngokuyintloko, oomatshini bokugaya bahlelwa ngokweendidi ezimbini ezibanzi: ezithe tyaba kunye nezithe nkqo. Baphinda badityaniswe njengohlobo lwenkunzi yegusha, uhlobo lwamadolo, ukuvelisa okanye uhlobo lwebhedi, kunye noomatshini bokungqusha beplani. Ezi ndidi zibandakanya iimotor eziqhutywa ngokwazo zombane, ukutya kwetafile ezisebenza ngamandla, iinkqubo zokupholisa, kunye nezantya zokusonta eziguquguqukayo.

2. Oomatshini bokwemba

Oomatshini bokwemba ukuvelisa imingxuma ngokuzisa umsiki ojikelezayo onomphetho wokusika ukudibana nomsebenzi. Oomatshini basebenza kumgaqo wokuba umda wesixhobo sokusika ubeka amandla kwi-workpiece ngelixa imingxuma yenziwa. Izinto eziphathekayo zisuswa ngenkqubo yokucheba kunye ne-extrusion.

Ezinye zeentlobo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini bokomba zezi:

-Oomatshini bokwemba ngokuthe tye okanye kwikholamu

– Oomatshini bokwemba abaphathwayo

– Oomatshini bokwemba imisonto emininzi

-Oomatshini bokwemba bodidi oluthe nkqo

3. Oomatshini bokujika

Oomatshini bokujika jika izixhobo zokusebenza zibe ziimilo ezahlukeneyo ezinqwenelekayo kunye noyilo. Inkqubo ibandakanya ukujikeleza kwenxalenye ngelixa i-cutter-point-point cutter ihamba ngokuhambelana ne-axis yokujikeleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenziwa kwiindawo zombini zangaphandle kunye nezangaphakathi ze-workpiece. Oomatshini bokujika basetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo ukuvelisa iinxalenye ezincinci nezinkulu, izixhobo kunye neeprototypes.

Basebenzisa iqondo eliphezulu lokuchaneka nokuchaneka; ngoko, zilungele ukongezwa kweempawu ezijikelezayo kwiindawo. Kukho iintlobo ezininzi zoomatshini bokujika kwaye bahlelwa ngokuxhomekeke ekusebenziseni kwabo. Umzekelo, ikhompyutha elawulwa ngokwamanani (CNC) kunye neeleyile eziqhelekileyo zinokujika okuchanekileyo ukusuka kwi-5 microns ukuya kwi-6 microns. Xa kufikwa kubungakanani, uninzi lomatshini wokujika ludityaniswe ngokomgama phakathi kwamaziko. Ngokomyinge, uninzi lwaba matshini bane-36 ukuya kuma-48 intshi umgama phakathi kwamaziko kunye ne-15 intshi ujingi.

4. Oomatshini bokuvavanya umgangatho

Oomatshini bokuvavanya umgangatho zisetyenziselwa ukulinganisa umgangatho wempahla kunye neenkonzo. Oku kwenza ukuba iimveliso zikwazi ukusinda kwimeko-bume yoshishino ekhuphisanayo kuba ziye zanezona mfuno zisezantsi zomgangatho. Imizekelo yezixhobo zokuhlola umgangatho ibandakanya:

–Iprofayile yeprojektha

- Oomatshini bokuvavanya ubulukhuni beRockwell

– Ukulungelelanisa oomatshini bokulinganisa

– Oomatshini bokuvavanya uburhabaxa bomphezulu

-Izixhobo zokuskena iprofayili

– Vernier calipers

IiMicrometers

-Iigeyiji ezibhobhozayo zezinto zentsimbi

5. Oomatshini bokupakisha

Ukupakisha oomatshini yenza imisebenzi yokupakisha ebandakanya iipakethe eziphambili kwiipakethi zokuhambisa. Inkqubo yokupakisha ibandakanya ukucocwa, ukuyila, ukufayila, ukudibanisa, ukutywina, ukuleyibhelishwa, ukuvala ngaphezulu, kunye nokufakwa kweepaleti.

Izixhobo zokupakisha zinokuba zezi ntlobo zilandelayo ngokubanzi:

– Ukuqokelela kunye nokuhlanganisa izixhobo

-Iipakethi zolusu, iiblister pack, kunye ne-vacuum oomatshini bokupakisha

-Ibhokisi yetreyi, ityesi, ukwenza umthuthi, kunye noomatshini bokutywina

– Oomatshini bokuvala iibhotile

-Ukuvala ngaphezulu, ukuvala, ukuvala, kunye noomatshini bokuthunga

6. Iigrinder

Ukugaya babandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zokutshiza ukusika izixhobo usebenzisa ivili lokusila. Ukugaya kusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwicandelo lokuvelisa, ngakumbi ekwenzeni izixhobo. Ivelisa imilinganiselo echanekileyo kunye nezinto ezigqitywe kakuhle. Iigrinder zikulungele kangcono ukwenza izinto eziqinileyo kunye nokuthatha amanxeba angekho nzulu.

Ukugaya i-subset yokusika kunye nenkqubo yokwenyani yesinyithi. Iindlela ezimbini zokusila kukukrazula nokusantiya. Ukongezelela, iigrinders zineediski ezihlukeneyo ngobukhulu kodwa uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwesayizi luyi-115mm ukuya kwi-230mm. Ngale nto, abathengi banokufezekisa ukuchaneka kokugaya malunga ne-0.000025mm kuba ngumsebenzi wokugqiba.

Abanye oomatshini abasetyenziselwa ukucola ziquka:

-Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zoomatshini ababiza imali eninzi njengoomatshini bokugaya

-Izixhobo zamandla eziphathwayo njengee-angle grinders kunye ne-die grinders

– Ibhentshi yokusila

-Amatye okulola imela ngesandla (amatye okusila)

7. IiCranes

Iikhreyini ezingaphezulu ngoomatshini abasetyenziselwa ukuphakamisa izinto ezinzima ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Iikhreyini zenziwe ngobunjineli kwaye zenzelwe iinjongo ezithile okanye izicelo ukwenzela ukusingatha kakuhle iimfuno zezinto eziphathekayo. Zakhelwe kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zoqwalaselo okanye amacandelo anokutshintshwa okanye enziwe ngobunjineli ukuphucula ukusebenza kwawo kunye nomthamo.

Iikhreyini ezingaphezulu zinezicelo ezahlukeneyo, ezibandakanya:

– Ukulayisha kunye nokothula izinto ezivela kwiilori

– Ukuzalisa okanye ukutsalwa kufa ngaphakathi nangaphandle koomatshini besitampu kwizityalo zokuvelisa

- Ukuhambisa izixhobo kwindawo ngendlela esebenzayo xa kuthelekiswa nabasebenzi

– Ukutya izinto ezikrwada kumatshini ngexesha lemveliso

– Izikhongozeli ezihambahambayo kwiyadi kaloliwe okanye kwindawo yeenqanawa

- Ukuhambisa iinxalenye ezahlukeneyo kunye neziqwenga phantsi kumgca wendibano

8. Oomatshini bonyango bomphezulu

Ukunyangwa komphezulu yinkqubo eyongezelelweyo elawulwa kwizinto eziphathekayo ngenjongo yokongeza imisebenzi, umzekelo, ukuguga kunye nokuxhathisa umhlwa okanye ukuphucula iimpawu zokuhombisa ukuphucula inkangeleko yazo. Oomatshini bonyango abangaphezulu yenza iindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zokususa, kubandakanywa ukunyibilika okanye ukukhuhla umphezulu. Kwakhona, oomatshini basebenza kwimisebenzi eyongezelelweyo efana nokupeyinta kunye nonyango lobushushu.

Ezi zilandelayo ziindlela eziqhelekileyo zonyango lomphezulu:

- Ukucoca - ukuqhushumba, ukucoca, kunye nokuhombisa

-Ukupholisha - oomatshini, iikhemikhali, kunye ne-electropolishing

-Ukupeyinta - ukupeyinta ukutshiza, ukugquma kwe-electrostatic, kunye ne-electrodeposition coating

-Ukufaka i-electroplating, iikhemikhali, kunye ne-hot-dip coating

- Unyango lobushushu - ukucima umphezulu, ukutshiswa kwamalahle, kunye nonyango lwe-nitriding

isiphelo

Oomatshini bokuvelisa banokuhlelwa ngeendlela ezininzi ngokohlobo lweshishini, ubungakanani, injongo yesixhobo, kunye nendlela yokuqalisa. Oomatshini baphucula ukusebenza kakuhle ngelixa benceda iinkampani ukuba zifezekise imfuno yokudumba yeemveliso zazo. Kwakhona, banciphisa iindleko zokusebenza njengoko befuna ubuchwephesha obuncinane bokusebenza ngaphandle kweempazamo okanye iimpazamo ezinokukhokelela kwilahleko. Ukufumana oomatshini abasemgangathweni ngeenjongo zokuvelisa, ndwendwela Chovm.com.