Imizila evuyisayo kunye nentsha kuYilo lwe-Excavator

Oomatshini bokwemba isiseko esithembekileyo soshishino olunzima kunye noomatshini bokuqala abakhethiweyo kwiifama ezincinci kunye nezitiya. Ukumba kunye nokuhamba komhlaba bekusoloko kunzima, kodwa kuyimfuneko, imisebenzi yalo naluphi na ulwakhiwo okanye ukudilizwa. Nangona kunjalo loo nto sele iza kutshintsha ngeendlela ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezinomdla kulawulo lwe-elektroniki kunye noyilo lomatshini olusele luza kuguqula ushishino lokwemba. Eli nqaku lijonga oku kuphuculwa kwezinto ezintsha kunye nendlela abaza kuphucula ngayo ukusebenza kwe-excavator, ukwenza ukusetyenziswa kwabo kube lula, kuhlakaniphile kwaye kusebenze ngakumbi.

Isiqulatho
Imarike yokumba ekhulayo
Umkhwa wokugrumba ii-smart excavators
Isishwankathelo seendlela ezizayo kunye nophuhliso
Iingcamango zokugqibela

Imarike yokumba ekhulayo

Imarike ye-excavator yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba ikhule nge I-CAGR ye-4.7% ukusuka kwixabiso lehlabathi le US$44.12 Bn kwi2018 ukuya US$63.14 Bn ngo-2026. E-US, imarike yolwakhiwo lwendawo yokuhlala esempilweni iprojekthi yokukhula okukhulu ukusuka kuyo yangoku US $ 9.62 Bn ngo-2018, kanti ulwakhiwo lwaseYurophu lunokukhula kancinci ngenxa yokwanda kwemithetho yokusingqongileyo ebekwe kushishino lokwakha, kunye noomatshini ngokwabo. Ngokwahlukileyo, imakethi yaseAsia Pacific kulindeleke ukuba ibone ukukhula okuphezulu kwimakethi yokumba ukusuka kwixabiso layo lika-2018. US $ 17.32 Bn ngenxa yokwanda kotyalo-mali lweziseko ezingundoqo kummandla wonke ngakumbi eIndiya naseTshayina.

Umkhwa wokugrumba ii-smart excavators

Kunzima ukucinga ukuba izinto ezisisiseko zokwembiwa kwehydraulic zale mihla ziphantse zingatshintshwa ukusukela ngoo-1950. Iinguqulelo ezintsha eziza kwimarike zisajongeka zifana kakhulu nangaphandle, kodwa kulapho ukufana kuphelela khona. Kukho iindlela ezintsha ezichulumancisayo ezibhekiselele kusetyenziso lwetekhnoloji yolawulo lwe-elektroniki kunye noyilo lomatshini oluvelisa iindlela ezintsha ezisebenza ngazo abembi bezinto zakudala. Phakathi kophuculo oluninzi kuncitshiswe iradius yokujingi, ikhebhu ephuculweyo kunye nolawulo, abenzi boluvo lwedijithali kunye neekhamera, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwe-injini kunye nokugcinwa lula. Olu phuhliso kunye nokunye kuphononongwa ngakumbi apha.

Isishwankathelo seendlela ezizayo kunye nophuhliso

Ukujingi komsila oncitshisiweyo kwaye kuqwalaselwe

Olunye utshintsho lomzimba oluchaphazela uyilo lwesizukulwana esitsha sabembi a ukunciphisa umsila. I-arc ye-swing imisela isithuba esifunekayo ukuze i-excavator isebenze, ngoko ke ujingi oluncinci lunika ukuguquguquka okungakumbi kwizithuba ezimxinwa. Nangona ukujikeleziswa kwendawo encinci kuqhelekile kunye nabembi bezinto ezincinci, abavelisi abaninzi ngoku banikezela ngomsila oqinileyo 20-35ton uluhlu koomatshini. Ngenxa yokuba ujingi olungqongqo lunokuchaphazela uzinzo kwimithwalo enzima, abanye abembi bezinto ezincinci babonelela ngeenketho eziqwalaselweyo ukusuka ekujikeni. ngaphakathi kobude bomzila ukuya kwi-15cm okanye i-50cm yokuxhoma. Abanye abembi bezinto ezinkulu banikezela nge umsebenzi wokuncedisa wokuphakamisa ukulumkisa malunga nokuzama umthwalo ongaphaya komthamo ochaziweyo wokuphakamisa.

Uyilo oluphuculweyo lwekhabhi

Olunye uphuculo olubonakalayo lungaphakathi kwi-cab. Ukwenzela intuthuzelo kunye nokulungeleka komsebenzisi kukho ukuphuculwa ulawulo lwemozulu, kunye nezihlalo adjustable kunye eshushu, kunye ngokubanzi ngaphezulu intloko kunye negumbi umlenze kwi cab. Ukungcangcazela ukuya kwi-cab kunye nomqhubi kuncitshiswa ngezinto ezintsha kwi-roller yomzila kunye nokwakhiwa komzimba. Kukho neenkqubo zestereo eziphuculweyo, ezinye ezinoqhagamshelo lwebluetooth.

Ukusebenza okuphuculweyo

Ukuze kube lula ukusebenza, ukuphuculwa kokungaphezulu uyilo lwe-ergonomic joystick, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto ezithambileyo zokuchukumisa, zibonelela ngokukhululeka kunye nokubamba ngokufanelekileyo. Iinketho eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi ziyafumaneka ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka kwi-joystick kunye nolawulo lweminwe ye-hydraulics encedisayo kunye nemisebenzi yesibini, ngoko akukho mfuneko yokuhambisa izandla kude ukuya kukutshintsha kwaye ulawulo olupheleleyo lunokugcinwa nge-joystick ngokwayo. Ezinye iinkqubo zongeza ulawulo lwe-throttle ye-elektroniki, enika umqhubi iindlela ezikhethiweyo zokulawula umthwalo kwimithwalo yokusebenza eyahlukeneyo, ukunika ukusebenza okuphezulu kunye nokunciphisa amandla.

Imiboniso yedijithali, i-LED, kunye nevidiyo eyandisiweyo

Ulawulo olutsha lwe-excavator luza kunye neziboniso ze-LED zolwazi olulula ukufunda olucacileyo olufundwayo kunye nokubeka iliso kumatshini. Umgangatho ophezulu, iikhamera ezincinci kunye neziguquguqukayo zinika iimbono ezininzi malunga nomatshini, ukusuka ngaphambili, ngasemva, kwi-boom kunye nebhakethi ukuze unike umqhubi umgangatho ophezulu wokulawula kunye nokhuseleko. Iziboniso zedijithali zingabonisa iimboniselo ezininzi zekhamera, tshintsha iilwimi kunye noqwalaselo lwesikrini kwiiprofayili zabaqhubi ezilungiselelweyo, kunye nemiboniso ethile enikezelayo. ukusetyenziswa kwesikrini sokuchukumisa kunye noqhagamshelwano olongezelelweyo lwesixhobo ukuze lusetyenziswe lula.

Ukudibanisa i-GNSS, i-GPS, i-telematics kunye neteknoloji yokuqokelela idatha

IiNkqubo zeSatellite zokuHamba ngeHlabathi (GNSS) kunye nobuchwepheshe be-GPS buya buphucuka kwaye buchanekile kunye nezakhono ezidibeneyo ezingenazintambo kunye ne-intanethi, ngoko ke idatha yomatshini inokunxibelelana nezixhobo zendawo kunye nezikude ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Xa kudityaniswa neenzwa zamva nje kunye neekhamera, kunye nezinye iimpawu zokubamba idatha ehlakaniphile, abaqhubi kunye nabaphathi beprojekthi banokuqokelela uhlalutyo olucacileyo malunga nokusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko. Okona kumva IiNkqubo zeGlobal Positioning (GPS) vumela ukusebenza okuzimeleyo okanye okude koomatshini, ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye nokhuseleko olwandisiweyo, ukuphepha ukungqubana, kunye nokulandelwa kweenqwelo ezikude.

Ukubaluleka kwetelematics kunye GPS, GNSS kunye ne-intanethi ukudityaniswa kuvumela ukusebenza kwe-excavator echanekileyo ngokubonelela rhoqo indawo kunye nolwalathiso lwe-excavator, ukudibanisa ulwazi oluchasene nedatha yoyilo, inkqubela phambili yokubeka iliso kunye ne-alamu ekhalayo ukuba inkqubela phambili ilahlekile.

Ulawulo LWERIMOTHI

Inani leemodeli ezintsha zeza nazo ngoku umsebenzi wolawulo-kude evumela ukusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo zokusebenza ezinobungozi ngo ukulawula oomatshini abakhulu okanye abancinci ukusuka kumgama okhuselekileyo, ukunciphisa imingcipheko yokhuseleko kunye nokwenzakala okunokwenzeka ekufikeleleni koomatshini.

Ezi isenokuba lulawulo lomatshini wokubona ngomatshini ophathwayo, okanye imigama emide yeekhilomitha ezininzi, ilinganiselwe kuphela kukufumaneka kwenethiwekhi engenazingcingo. Ukhuseleko kunye neempawu zokumisa unxunguphalo zibalulekile, njengokulibaziseka okuncinci komyalelo.

Iinkqubo zesikhokelo esinzulu kunye 'nokuseta kwaye uhambe' inkqubo

I excavators zakutshanje ziquka abenzi boluvo ukujonga ngqo indawo boom excavator kaThixo, ingalo kunye amazinyo eemele, kunye neenkqubo zokutshekisha ubunzulu evumela ukuba umqhubi inkqubo enqwenelekayo ukugrumba ubunzulu nokugrumba ngokuchasene ukuba pre-set.  Ezinye zezi nkqubo zinokuchaneka ukuya kwisiqingatha se-intshi, ngedatha enikezelwe ngokuthe ngqo kwipaneli yokubonisa yomsebenzisi, ukujonga ngokuqhubekayo umgama, ibakala kunye nobunzulu. Ezi nkqubo zinceda abaqhubi ukuba basike kwaye bazalise kwiinkcukacha ezichanekileyo kwaye bafikelele kwinqanaba elifunekayo ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ngaphandle kokusika kakhulu. Ezi nkqubo zikwavumela i-automation eyinxenye okanye epheleleyo, kunye ne-automated boom, ingalo kunye neentshukumo zebhakethi ukwenzela ukuba umqhubi kufuneka abeke ubunzulu kunye ne-slope kunye ne-monitor, kwaye emva koko kusebenze ukumba i-lever enye ukuhambisa ukugrumba okuchanekileyo kunye nokusebenzayo.

Ii-engile ezilungisekayo

Olunye uhlaziyo olulolunye kukukwazi ukujika iincakuba ngasekhohlo okanye ekunene ukuya kuthi ga kwidigri ezingama-25, okanye phezulu naphantsi ukuya kutsho kwi-12 degrees. Oku kuvumela umqhubi ukuba afumane eyona ndawo ilungileyo yokubeka ibakala okanye ukubuyisela umva ngokukhawuleza, kwaye anikeze uzinzo ngakumbi xa kugrunjwa kumhlaba ongalinganiyo, ukugrumba kunye nokuphakamisa. Olu phawu lweblade oluhlengahlengiswayo luthetha ukuba amandla asezantsi angasetyenziswa kwiincakuba nakwindawo engalinganiyo, ngegalelo elincinane kakhulu labasebenzisi.

Ugcino oluqikelelweyo nolulula

Ukuguquka okubalulekileyo ekunciphiseni ixesha lokunciphisa umatshini kunye neendleko zokugcina kukusetyenziswa kokubeka iliso kude ukuqokelela kunye nokuhlalutya idatha ye-excavator kunye nokubonelela. ukugcinwa kwangaphambili izilumkiso. Iinkqubo zokulawula ukugcinwa kwekhompyutha (CMMSs) zifakwe ngabavelisi abaninzi ukuvumela ukufikelela kude kwidatha ye-excavator nge-intanethi, usebenzisa i-GPS kunye ne-GNSS, ukufumana ukusebenza komatshini wexesha langempela, isikhundla kunye nokugcinwa kwedatha. Ezi nkqubo zibonelela ngengxelo malunga nezinga lokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kunye nokubonelela ngedatha yokugcinwa kokuthintela.

Iigrumba ezisebenza ngombane

Mhlawumbi intsingiselo eyothusayo kushishino olunzima ngolo hlobo oluxhomekeke kwidizili kukuhamba ukuya kumandla ombane, endaweni yokubamba amandla edizili, abembi bezinto zakudala. Iinkxalabo ngezendalo ngokukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo luxinzelelo olukhulu. IZizwe eziManyeneyo zinike ingxelo yokuba ishishini lokwakha lilodwa liphendula ngeenxa zonke I-23% ye-carbon dioxide ekhutshwayo kwihlabathi jikelele, kunye ngeenxa zonke I-6% ivela kwizixhobo ezisetyenziswa kwisiza. Ukunyuswa kwezithintelo kukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwayo, ngakumbi eYurophu, kubangela imfuneko yezinye iindlela zombane, ukulangazelela iindawo zokwakha ezingakhutshwayo. Ngo-2019, iCaterpillar yasungula i- 26 toni excavator enebhetri 300Kw enokuhlala iiyure 5-7 kunye ne-recharge yobusuku. Imakethi ngoku inabaninzi abancinci abagrumbayo abasuka kubo Ubungakanani betoni e-1 ngamandla angama-8Kw, ukuya kwi Uluhlu lweetoni ezi-6 kunye namandla angama-43Kw, ezinokuthi ziqhube yonke imini yomsebenzi kwaye zihlawule ngaphantsi kweeyure ezi-2. Iinketho zombane zinika ukukhutshwa okuncitshisiweyo kunye nokunciphisa ingxolo ngexabiso eliphantsi kakhulu lobomi kunye neendleko zokuyigcina.

Iingcamango zokugqibela

Imfuno yabembi bemigodi iyaqhubeka nokukhula njengoko imfuno yehlabathi yokwanda kwezindlu zokuhlala kunye neziseko ezingundoqo eziphuculweyo zikhulisa ishishini lokwakha. Itekhnoloji ifikelele kwimakethi ye-excavator ngeendlela ezininzi njengoko isetyenziswa kuzo zonke iinkalo zaba matshini ukusuka phantsi ukuya phezulu. Abembi bezinto zakudala baya besiba krelekrele, umsebenzi uya usiba lula, ugcino luqikelele ngakumbi, kwaye ulawulo lwedatha lulonke ngaphakathi nangaphandle komsebenzi luneenkcukacha ngakumbi kwaye lukhawuleza. Ngokukhula okwandayo kweenguqulelo zombane, ngoku kukho iindlela ezilungele ukukhutshwa ezifumanekayo nazo. La ngamaxesha anomdla kwimarike kwaye kukho iindlela ezinomdla ezifumanekayo.