Iindlela ezichulumancisayo zokuDibanisa abavuni ngo-2024

Abalimi baxhomekeke kubavuni abadityanisiweyo ukuba baqokelele izityalo zabo ngexesha lokuvuna, ngakumbi kwiifama ezinkulu zezolimo zezityalo ezinje ngengqolowa, umbona, iimbotyi zesoya kunye nerayisi. Ngokwembali, lo ibingumsebenzi wezandla kunye nowoomatshini. Nangona kunjalo, njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili, kunye nokukhula kwamva nje kokusetyenziswa kobukrelekrele bokwenziwa (AI), kuye kwakho umfutho okhulayo obhekiselele ekufumeni ngobuchule kunye nokuvuna ngobuchule.

Ukusetyenziswa kweteknoloji entsha, ukuba isetyenziswe ngokufanelekileyo, inamandla okuphucula isantya sokuvuna, ukwandisa isivuno, ukunciphisa inkcitho, kunye nokunciphisa iinzame zezandla kunye nokubalwa kwabasebenzi. Eli nqaku lijonga uphuhliso oluphambili kunye nemikhwa esetyenziswayo ngoku ekuvuneni nasekudibaniseni abavuni.

Isiqulatho
Ukukhula kokulima ngobuchule
Ukonwabisa usetyenziso lwetekhnoloji kwizivuni ezidibeneyo
Isishwankathelo sentsingiselo yangoku kunye nophuhliso
Iingcamango zokugqibela

Ukukhula kokulima ngobuchule

Ukulima ngobuchule, okanye ezolimo ngobuchule, ngamagama achaza ukusetyenziswa kobugcisa bamva nje ukwenza ukulima kube lula, kukrelekrele, ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kungabizi kakhulu.

Ngo-2022, imakethi yehlabathi yokufama ngobuchule yayixabisa i-18.5 yeebhiliyoni zeedola. Oku kuqikelelwa ukuba kuza kukhula ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka (CAGR) esimalunga ne-12% kwisithuba esisuka ku-2023 ukuya ku-2032.

Ukonwabisa usetyenziso lwetekhnoloji kwizivuni ezidibeneyo

Dibanisa abavuni baphumeza imisebenzi emininzi yokuvuna, ngokudibanisa imisebenzi emininzi kwipasi enye yomatshini. Igama elithi 'dibanisa isivuni' lisuka kwindibaniselwano yale misebenzi. Ukuvuna kubandakanya ukuvuna (ukucheba ingca), ukubhula (ukwahlula iindiza kwiinkozo), ukucoca (ukususa udaka namatye), nokwela (ukwahlula umququ kwimbewu ngaphakathi).

Iindleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle zisoloko ziphezulu kwi-ajenda yomfama. Abalimi bafuna ukunciphisa iindleko zomsebenzi, ngelixa besandisa iiyure zokusebenza ezinemveliso. Ukuphumelela kokuvuna izityalo kubaluleke kakhulu, ukwandisa isivuno kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho.

Iinkqubo ezilula zoomatshini bokuvuna zishiya intlaninge yamathuba okulahleka kweenkozo kunye nezivuno ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ngoko ngobuchwephesha obuhamba phambili kuyo yonke imiba yokuvuna, izinto zimhambela kakuhle umlimi.

Kukho intaphane yemikhwa enika umdla kunye nentsha yeteknoloji enokuphucula kakhulu ubomi bomfama, kwaye uninzi lwazo ngoku lusetyenziswa ekuvuneni. Oku kubandakanya i-intanethi-yezinto (i-IoT), izinzwa, ukusetyenzwa kwemifanekiso yexesha langempela, iirobhothi, ukulima okuzimeleyo, kwaye ngoku i-AI.

Ezinye zeendlela itekhnoloji esetyenziswa ngayo ziquka:

• Imephu yentsimi kunye nesivuno, ukucwangcisa isityalo sokuvuna
• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-GNSS kunye ne-GPS ukubonelela ngohambo olufanelekileyo ebaleni
• Ukuqhuba kweRobhothi kunye nokuzimela ukunciphisa imfuno yokusebenza komntu kunye nokuvumela iiyure zokusebenza ezinde
• Uqhagamshelo lwe-IoT ukubonelela ngedatha yexesha langempela ekuvuneni kwiinkqubo ezininzi
• Izinzwa kunye neekhamera, kunye nokusetyenzwa komfanekiso we-AI, ukubeka iliso kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho kunye nokwandisa isivuno.
• Intshukumo yentloko ehlakaniphile kunye nohlengahlengiso lwe-engile ukubonelela ngokusikwa ngokusondeleyo nakumhlaba othambekileyo nongalinganiyo
• Ulondolozo oluqikelelweyo lokuphucula ukusetyenziswa komatshini kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokuphumla kunye

Isishwankathelo sentsingiselo yangoku kunye nophuhliso

Imephu yasendle, iGNSS kunye neGPS, kunye nokuvuna okuzimeleyo

Isoftware yokulima yamva nje iyakwazi ukwenza imephu yentsimi yezityalo ekufuneka ivunwe kwaye imephu inokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye indlela yokuvelisa imephu yendawo ngesandla, ngokusebenzisa isoftware yemephu enomfanekiso wesathelayithi ukusondeza kunye nokumakisha imida. Uninzi lwabavelisi abakhulu babonelela ngesoftware yemephu yendawo.

Emva kokuba imephu yendawo igqityiwe, imida inokumakishwa ngokuchanekileyo, kwaye i-acreage ibalwe. Imephu ingasetyenziselwa ukwenza imephu yesivuno, kuvavanywa imveliso yesityalo ukuqikelela isivuno. Izicwangciso zomsebenzi zinokongezwa kwaye idatha yembali yentsimi ihlaziywe ngokulula. Nje ukuba intsimi yenziwe imephu, iinkqubo zokulandelela ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokucwangcisa kwaye zincedise ekuvuneni kwezityalo.

Enye indlela yokwenza imephu intsimi kukusebenzisa i-Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) kunye ne-GPS kunye nezakhono ezidibeneyo ezingenazintambo kunye ne-intanethi, ukunika indawo echanekileyo kakhulu. Iinkcukacha ezifunyenwe kwimisebenzi yokufama yangaphambili zingasetyenziswa, ezinokurekhodwa ukususela kwixesha elidlulileyo lokuhlakula, ukutyalwa okanye ukuvuna. Idatha erekhodiweyo inokunxibelelana nezixhobo zasekhaya kunye nezikude ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. 

Xa kudityaniswe neesensors zamva nje kunye neekhamera, kunye nezinye iimpawu zokubamba idatha ehlakaniphile, abaqhubi kunye nabaphathi beefama banokuqokelela uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha malunga nokusebenza, ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokhuseleko.

Ezi nkqubo zichanekileyo zokubeka zikwavumela ukuzimela, i-robotic okanye ukusebenza okude koomatshini, ukuchaneka okuphuculweyo kunye nokwanda kokhuseleko, ukuphepha ukungqubana, kunye nokulandelela kude. 

Umzekelo uJohn Deere ubonelela ngeZiko lokuSebenza lekhompyutha elinezixhobo zokubonisa imephu yasendle, kunye nesoftware yabo ye-AutoTrac™ idibanisa neZiko lokuSebenza ukucwangcisa nokulawula iindlela zokuvuna ezinciphisa izikhewu kunye nokugqithelana ukwandisa ukuvunwa kwezityalo. Iinkqubo zabo zinokuqhutywa njengokuzimela ngokupheleleyo kunye nemisebenzi engaqhubiyo.

I-Kubota inikezela ngeempawu ezifanayo kunye ne-FMIS (iNkqubo yoLwazi lokuLawulwa kweFama) enokubonelela ngemephu yentsimi enemaleko enokuthi idibanise nemvakalelo kunye nohlalutyo kunye nezisombululo zokuqhuba ngokuzenzekelayo.

Ukudibanisa izinzwa kunye neekhamera ukwandisa isivuno sokuvuna

Abavelisi babavuni bebesoloko bezamana nocelomngeni lokulinganisa isantya sokuvuna ngokuchasene nelahleko yeenkozo ngexesha lokubhula iminyaka emininzi. Ukonyuka kwesantya sokuvuna ngokulindelekileyo kobuchule obungcono kufunyaniswe ukuba kubangele imiqobo kunye nokwandisa ilahleko yeenkozo, mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuwa okanye xa ikhutshwa ngothuli, umququ neendiza.

UYanmar ebesebenzisa izinzwa kunye neemephu zentsimi ngaphezulu kweminyaka eli-10 ukufumana izisombululo zokuchonga ilahleko yeenkozo ngexesha lokwenyani, kwaye ngokukhawuleza ahlalutye ukuba ivela ekubhuleni okanye ekushukunyisweni, ukuze i-fiders, iisefu kunye neevalvu zokukhupha zilungelelaniswe njengoko kufuneka.

Ukuvela kweenkqubo zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa zenze ixesha lokwenyani lokulungisa umfanekiso wekhamera ngokukhawuleza nangokuchanekileyo. Oku kuvumela ukudityaniswa nezinye iinkqubo zoluvo ukuchonga amanqaku esivuno esahlukileyo kwintsimi yonke, kunye nemimandla yoxinzelelo olukhulu okanye oluncinci lwesityalo. Ukusetyenziswa kobu buchwepheshe budityanisiweyo ke ngoko kuvumela isantya sokuvuna ukuba silungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo, ukuze kugcinwe isivuno esingaguqukiyo. Olu lungelelaniso lwexesha lokwenyani lukhawulezayo lunceda ukwandisa isivuno kunye nokunciphisa inkcitho, kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-injini.

Umzekelo, itekhnoloji ye-IntelliSense ye-IntelliSense yaseNew Holland inokubala ubungakanani bezinto kwi-rotors kunye ne-sieve, kwaye ilinganise ilahleko yengqolowa, isebenzisa izinzwa kwisihlangu sokucoca kunye neekhamera zokujonga okuziinkozo. Isixokelelwano sinokukhetha isenzo esifanelekileyo kunye nezicwangciso zokubhula, ifeni kunye nesefa.

Iimodeli ezintsha zeHolland ezifana ne-TC5.30 kunye neemodeli ze-Yanmar ezifanelekileyo kunye ne-SMARTASSIST, zidibanisa iinkqubo ezininzi ezikrelekrele ukwandisa umthamo, ukuphucula isivuno, ukulinganisa amanqanaba okufuma okuziinkozo, kunye nokuphucula umgangatho wokudla okuziinkozo.

Izinzwa zomhlaba kunye neekhamera zokuziqhelanisa nobude bezityalo kunye nomhlaba

Ngabavuni abakrelekrele kangako, umphakamo wokusika isityalo uqhele ukusetwa ngaphambi kokuba kuqaliswe ukuvuna, njengoko kunjalo kwezinye iisetingi. Uhlengahlengiso lwebhari yokusika luya kwenziwa ngesandla kwisivuni ngelixa simile, kwaye simiselwe uhlobo lwesityalo esiza kuvunwa.

Iheader esika isityalo ikholisa ukumiswa kwi-engile ethe tye. Nangona kunjalo, i-header esisigxina ethe tyaba ayifanelekanga kumasimi angekho tyaba ngokupheleleyo, anee-depressions, i-ridges okanye i-slopes. Umsantsa ophantsi komsiki webar uya kuthetha ukusikwa okungalinganiyo, ukushiya iindiza ezingalinganiyo, kunye nokulahleka okuziinkozo. Abavuni abaninzi abadala banazo iiheader ezinokujikwa ngesandla ukuze zilingane ithambeka.

Umkhwa ngoku ubhekiselele koomatshini abaphambili abasebenzisa itekhnoloji ye-sensor yomhlaba ukuchonga umhlaba ongalinganiyo, kwaye emva koko uhlengahlengise ngokuzenzekelayo ubude bebha yokusika. Abanye abavelisi banikezela ngeeheader ezilungelelanisiweyo 'amaphiko' ukuze ahambelane nomhlaba. La maphiko aphuma kwindibano ephambili ukuya kumacala omabini kwaye angakwazi ukulungelelanisa phezulu okanye phantsi ngokuzimeleyo, ukuqhelanisa nemithambeka ehlukeneyo.

UJohn Deere unikezela ngoluhlu oluphambili lwabavuni betekhnoloji entsha abaneentloko eziguquguqukayo zedraper ezisebenza njengeebha zokusika ezizimeleyo. La maphiko eheader ahlengahlengiswayo aphume embindini kwaye angakwazi ukulungelelanisa phezulu okanye ezantsi ngokuzimeleyo ukuze atshatise ithambeka okanye intsimi egobileyo. Emva kwemivalo yokusika, amabhanti e-draper aphinda alungelelanise kunye nentloko ukugcina ukutya okuziinkozo kunye nelahleko encinci. Umenzi uthi amaphiko angagoba ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10° nto leyo ethetha ukuba iincam zamaphiko zinentshukumo ethe nkqo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-8.5 ft (2.6m).

Iindibaniselwano ezifanayo zezivamvo kunye neekhamera zinokuchonga ukungalingani komhlaba kwaye zilungelelanise isantya sokuvuna ngokufanelekileyo, ukwandisa isantya sokuvuna kwiindawo ezinyukayo kunye nokunciphisa isantya kwi-downslopes. Oku kunceda ukugcina ukubhula okungaguqukiyo kwaye kuthintele ukuba nokutya okuziinkozo okungonelanga nokungasebenzi kakuhle, okanye ukuqukuqela okugqithisileyo, inkcitho kunye nokuvaleka okusisiphumo.

UJohn Deere wenza oku esebenzisa indibaniselwano yeekhamera ezinyuselwe phambili kunye nemephu yasendle. Ukudityaniswa kobu bugcisa kuvumela isivuni ukuba sicingele kwangaphambili kunokuba siphendule nje ekutshintsheni komhlaba.

Ukugcinwa kwengqikelelo

Nangona izicelo ezininzi zeteknoloji ye-sensor incedisa umlimi ekwandiseni isivuno kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kokuvuna, enye inguqu ebalulekileyo ekubanjweni kwedatha kukusetyenziswa kokubeka iliso elikude ukubonelela ngezilumkiso zokugcinwa kwangaphambili, ukunciphisa ixesha lokunciphisa umatshini kunye neendleko zokugcina.

Ukusetyenziswa kokulandela umkhondo we-GPS, kunye ne-IoT ehlalutywe ngetekhnoloji ye-AI, ivumela ikhompyuter inkqubo yolawulo lolondolozo (i-CMMS) ukugcina umkhondo weemayile (iikhilomitha) ezigutyungelwe kunye neeyure zokusebenza. Ezi nkqubo zinokubonelela ngezilumkiso malunga nexesha lenkonzo, kwaye zinokuhlalutya idatha ukubonelela ngolwazi malunga nezinga lokusebenza kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwezixhobo.

Iingcamango zokugqibela

Ukulima kunokuba ngumsebenzi onzima nongasebenziyo, ngoko ke naluphi na usetyenziso lweteknoloji ukwenza umsebenzi ube lula, kwaye okona kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba lusebenze kakuhle kwaye lungabizi kakhulu, luyamkelwa.

Ukuqaliswa kobuchwepheshe be-sensor, kubandakanywa ukusetyenziswa kweekhamera kunye nokulungiswa komfanekiso okhawulezayo, zonke ezihlanganiswe kunye ne-AI, zibonelela ngenzuzo eninzi kumlimi, kwaye ezi zicelo zeteknoloji ziya kwanda kuphela kwixesha elizayo.

Ukudibanisa abavuni baya bekrelekrele, kwaye ulwazi oluninzi lusezandleni zomsebenzisi. Olunye lolo lwazi lunokwenziwa ngokuzimeleyo kwiinkqubo ezifakwe ngaphakathi, kwaye abanye bazisa umqhubi ngokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza.

Abalimi ngoku bayakwazi ukubeka iliso kwintsimi yonke kunye nesivuno ukuze bavune ngeendlela ezikrelekrele, ukunciphisa ukuxinana kwendlela yokuvuna, kunye nokwandisa amandla kunye nesantya kwiindawo zezityalo ezinesivuno esiphantsi. Umlimi unokuvuna okuninzi, ngomgangatho ongcono, kwaye aphulukane kancinci, okuthetha isivuno esingcono xa sisonke. Oko kuthetha ukusebenza kakuhle komlimi, iindleko eziphantsi, kunye nengeniso eninzi kutyalo-mali.

La ngamaxesha anika umdla wokulima. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya malunga nokudibanisa abavuni abakhoyo, jonga indawo yokubonisa kwi-intanethi Chovm.com.