Ukuphonononga iiDrones zoRhwebo: Ukuqonda iMarike kunye neeModeli eziphezulu

Isiqulatho
● Intshayelelo
● Isishwankathelo semarike
● Izinto ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iidrone zorhwebo
● Iintlobo zeedrones zorhwebo kunye neempawu zazo
● Umqukumbelo

intshayelelo

Kwimeko yoshishino yanamhlanje, iidrones zorhwebo ziguqula imizi-mveliso efana nokwakha, imigodi, amandla kunye nezolimo ngokuphucula iinkqubo zokuqokelelwa kwedatha kunye nempumelelo yokusebenza. La mashishini athembela ngakumbi kwiidrones ngokukwazi ukuqokelela idatha ekumgangatho ophezulu ngokukhawuleza nangeendleko ezifanelekileyo, ukunciphisa kakhulu amaxesha ovavanyo lomhlaba kunye neendleko. Ngokuthumela iidrones, amashishini anokufikelela kulwazi lwexesha lokwenyani kunye neembono ezineenkcukacha zasemoyeni, okubalulekileyo ekwenzeni izigqibo ezinolwazi kunye nokucwangciswa kobuchule. Ukubaluleka okukhulayo kweedrones kula macandelo kuqhutywa ngamandla azo okuphucula ukhuseleko, ukunciphisa impazamo yabantu, kunye nokulungelelanisa imisebenzi enzima. Njengoko itekhnoloji iqhubela phambili kwaye amazinga okwamkelwa enyuka, ukudityaniswa kobuchule kweedrones kuba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kweshishini kunye nokugcina inzuzo yokhuphiswano.

ubenemboniselo Market

Imarike yedrone yorhwebo yehlabathi ibonakalise ukukhula olomeleleyo, ngexabiso layo linyuka lisuka malunga ne-8.77 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2022 ukuya kwiqikelelo le-54.81 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2030, ngokwe-Fortune Business Insights. Le ndlela imele isantya sokukhula konyaka (CAGR) esimalunga nama-25.82% ngeli xesha. Olu tyando luphenjelelwa kukwanda kokwamkelwa kweedrones kuwo wonke amacandelo orhwebo afana nezolimo, ulwakhiwo, kunye namandla, apho zisetyenziselwa ukuhlola, ukubeka iliso kunye nokuhlola imisebenzi. Ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kwe-drones ekuqokeleleni idatha ekumgangatho ophezulu ngokukhawuleza kubenze babaluleke kakhulu kule mimandla.

Inkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji yakutsha nje iphucule kakhulu amandla eedrones zorhwebo, kubandakanya i-AI kunye nokufunda koomatshini ukuphucula ukusetyenzwa kwedatha kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. Olu tshintsho luvumela iidrones ukuba zenze imisebenzi enzima ngakumbi ngokuchaneka okukhulu kunye nokuthembeka. Ukongeza, ukudityaniswa kwetekhnoloji yeenzwa eziphambili kunye nophuhliso lweedrones ezikwaziyo ukusebenza phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zandisa ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwezorhwebo. Uguqulo lwentengiso lukwaphenjelelwa luphuhliso lweqhinga phakathi kwabadlali abaphambili, kubandakanya ubambiswano olutsha kunye nezinto ezintsha zetekhnoloji, ukuqhubela phambili ishishini lehlabathi le-drone.

Izinto ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha iidrones zorhwebo

Ixesha lokubhabha kunye neebhetri

Ixesha lokubhabha kunye nomthamo webhetri zizinto ezibalulekileyo ekusebenzeni kweedrones, ezichaphazela ukuba zingahlala ixesha elingakanani emoyeni ukugqiba imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Iidrone ezinamaxesha amade okubhabha zibalulekile kwimisebenzi ebanzi efana nokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo, uphando olukhulu lwezolimo, okanye ukugqunywa emoyeni okuqhubekayo ukufota nokufota. Oku kunyamezela kuxhomekeke kakhulu kubomi bebhetri ye-drone; iidrone ezixhotyiswe ngebhetri ye-lithium-polymer (LiPo) ekumgangatho ophezulu ziqhele ukukwazi ukubhabha ixesha elide. Ukongeza, iimpawu ezifana namaxesha okutshaja okukhawulezayo kunye nokhetho lokutshintsha iibhetri ngokulula lubalulekile ekunciphiseni ixesha lokuphumla kunye nokwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-drone yorhwebo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba banokuchitha ixesha elininzi emoyeni kunye nexesha elincinci emhlabeni.

Uluhlu lweFlight kunye neGPS

Uluhlu lwe-Flight kunye nokuchaneka kwe-GPS yimiba ebalulekileyo yobuchule be-drone, echaza ukuba ikude kangakanani kwaye ngokuchanekileyo kangakanani idrone enokusebenza kumlawuli wayo. Uluhlu lokubhabha luchaza umgama omde onokuwuhamba idrone ukusuka kwindawo yayo yokulawula ngelixa igcina ikhonkco lonxibelelwano elomeleleyo. Olu phawu lubalulekile kwimisebenzi efuna imisebenzi ekude, efana nokuhlola iindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba okanye ukwenza uhlolo kwindawo enobungozi apho ukungenelela okuthe ngqo komntu kuyingozi. I-GPS edibeneyo ibalulekile kuhambo kunye nokubeka indawo, ivumela iidrones ukuba zilandele indawo yazo ngokuchanekileyo, zilandele iindlela zenqwelomoya ezisetwe kwangaphambili, kwaye zibuyele kwindawo yazo ngokuzimeleyo. Itekhnoloji ye-GPS yongeza ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kakuhle kweedrones ngokuxhasa iimpawu ezifana ne-geofencing, indlela yokukhangela indlela, kunye nozinzo, i-GPS-assisted hovering, eziyimfuneko ekusebenzeni kwe-airport echanekileyo, ethembekileyo.

Iikhamera kunye nokujonga umntu wokuqala (FPV)

Iikhamera kunye netekhnoloji yokujonga umntu wokuqala (FPV) zizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiidrones zale mihla, ziphucula ukusetyenziswa kwazo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo. Iikhamera ze-Drone zivela kwiimodeli ezisisiseko ezifanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa ngokungaqhelekanga kwiinkqubo eziphakamileyo ezikwaziyo ukuthatha iifoto ezicacileyo zasemoyeni kunye neevidiyo zokuphonononga umgangatho wobuchwephesha, ukuhlolwa, kunye nokuveliswa kweendaba. Umgangatho wekhamera uchaphazela amandla e-drone ukuqokelela idatha ebonakalayo ebalulekileyo kumashishini afana ne-real estate, ukwenza ifilimu, kunye nokubeka iliso kwiziseko ezingundoqo. Itekhnoloji ye-FPV, kwelinye icala, intywilisela umqhubi kumava okubhabha kwe-drone ngokusebenzisa umsinga wevidiyo wexesha lokwenyani ngqo ukusuka kwikhamera yedrone ukuya kwi-headset okanye isibonisi. Eli nqaku libaluleke kakhulu kwiidrones zomdyarho, apho abaqhubi beenqwelomoya baxhomekeke kwiFPV ekuhambeni izifundo ezintsonkothileyo ngesantya esiphezulu, kodwa iphinda isetyenziswe ngakumbi kwizicelo zorhwebo zokuqhuba ngokuchanekileyo kwindawo engqingqwa okanye entsonkothileyo, evumela abaqhubi ukuba babone ngqo into ebonwa yidrone, ngaloo ndlela iphucula ukuchaneka kunye nokhuseleko lokusebenza.

Ukulungiswa kunye nesantya

Ukuqwalaselwa ngokulula kokulungiswa kunye nokugcinwa akufanele kuhoywe. Iidrone ziingceba zezixhobo ezintsonkothileyo ezinokufuna ukulungiswa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa kwamathuba athile. Ukulula ukulungiswa kuqinisekisa ixesha elincinci lokuphumla kunye nokufumaneka okungaguqukiyo, okubalulekileyo kumashishini axhomekeke kwimisebenzi eqhubekayo ye-drone. Iidrone ekulula ukuzigcina, zidityaniswa neendawo ezifumaneka lula kunye neendawo zenkonzo, zinokunciphisa ngokumangalisayo amaxesha okutshintsha. Isantya, ngakolunye uhlangothi, siphakamisa amandla e-drone ukwenza ngokukhawuleza imisebenzi kunye nokuphendula kwiimeko, okubalulekileyo kwiimpendulo ezingxamisekileyo okanye iinkonzo zokuhanjiswa apho ixesha libaluleke kakhulu. Ngaphezu koko, ukukwazi kwedrone ukugubungela iindawo ezinkulu ngokukhawuleza kubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo ezinje ngemephu yasemoyeni okanye ukubeka iliso kwezolimo, ukwenza isantya kunye nesakhono sokulondoloza sibe sitshixo sokwandisa ukusebenza kunye nobubanzi bemisebenzi yedrone.

Iintlobo zeedrones zorhwebo kunye neempawu zazo

Iidrones ezininzi ze-rotor

Iidrone ze-Multi-rotor, ezibandakanya ukucwangciswa okufana ne-quadcopters, i-hexacopters, kunye ne-octocopters, zihlukaniswa ngama-rotor abo amaninzi anikezela ukuzinza okuphuculweyo kunye nobuchule obuchanekileyo bokuhamba. Ezi drones zithandwa ngokukhethekileyo kwimisebenzi efuna ukuzinza, ukulawulwa kwe-airport elawulwayo kwaye inokulawulwa kwiindawo ezixineneyo, izenze zilungele usetyenziso olunjengokufota emoyeni, ivideography, kunye nokuhlolwa okuneenkcukacha. Iirotha ezininzi zenza ezi drones zikwazi ukunduluka ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokuhla, nto leyo eluncedo kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo. Ngaphandle kokuguquguquka kwazo, iidrones ezininzi ze-rotor zihlala zinamaxesha amafutshane okubhabha kwaye zithwala imithwalo elula xa kuthelekiswa nezaphiko zazo ezisisigxina, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwamandla okuphezulu okufunekayo ukugcina uzinzo kunye nokunyuswa.

Iidrones zamaphiko ezisisigxina

Iidrones zamaphiko ezisisigxina ziyilwe njengeenqwelomoya zemveli, zisebenzisa ubume bephiko elomeleleyo ukuvelisa ukuphakamisa, okuvumela isantya sokubhabha ngokukhawuleza kunye nobude bexesha elide xa kuthelekiswa nenqwelomoya ejikelezayo. Oku kubenza bayilungele ngokukodwa imisebenzi efuna ummandla obanzi, njengokubeka iliso kokusingqongileyo, imephu enkulu yezolimo, kunye novavanyo lomgama omde. Ngenxa yokuba zibhabha emoyeni njengenqwelomoya, iidrones ezinamaphiko angatshintshiyo ziwonga amandla ngakumbi, ziyakwazi ukugubungela umgama omde ngentlawulo enye okanye umthwalo wamafutha. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwabo ngokuqhelekileyo kufuna umgaqo weenqwelo-moya okanye ikati yokunduluka kunye nesixa esikhulu sendawo yokumisa, enokunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwabo kwiindawo ezixineneyo okanye ezimagqagala. Ngaphandle kwale mingeni, amandla abo okubhabha okwandisiweyo kunye nempumelelo kwimisebenzi yoluhlu olude yenza i-drones yamaphiko esisigxina ibe yinto ekhethwayo kwizinto ezininzi zorhwebo, uphando, kunye nezicelo zomkhosi apho ukunyamezela kunye noluhlu lubekwe phambili.

I-Hybri esisigxina ye-VTOL (ukusuka ngokuthe nkqo kunye nokufika) iidrones

I-VTOL ye-Hybri esisigxina (i-Vertical Takeoff kunye ne-Landing) i-drones idibanisa umgama omde kunye nokusebenza kakuhle koyilo lwephiko elisisigxina kunye nokuhamba okuthe nkqo kunye nokukwazi ukumisa ii-drones ezininzi ze-rotor. Le ndlela ye-hybrid ivumela ezi drones ukuba zisebenze kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo ngaphandle kwesidingo somgaqo weenqwelo-moya, ukubonelela ngokuguquguquka kokusasazwa, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezikude okanye ezinqabileyo. Batshintsha phakathi kwenqwelomoya ethe nkqo kunye nethe tyaba, eluncedo kwimisebenzi efuna ukuphaphatheka nokuhamba imigama emide, njengempendulo kaxakeka, ukuhanjiswa kwemithwalo kwiindawo ezingafikelelekiyo, kunye nophononongo oluneenkcukacha lwejografi. Ukudityaniswa kwezi zinto zimbini zenza iidrone zeVTOL ezixubileyo zisebenziseke ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo kwimisebenzi ebanzi yasemoyeni, ukunyamezela ukulinganisa, umthamo womthwalo, kunye nokufikeleleka.

Iidrones ezinerotha enye

Iidrones ezinerotha enye, ezifana nehelikopta ezincinci, zohlulwa ngerotor yazo enkulu enkulu kunye nerotor encinci yomsila ezinzisa kwaye iqhube inqwelomoya. Olu yilo lubavumela ukuba banikeze amandla amakhulu okuphakamisa kunye namaxesha okubhabha okude kuneendlela zabo ezininzi ze-rotor, okwenza ukuba basebenze ngokukodwa kwimisebenzi ephezulu yokunyamezela. Iidrones ezine-rotor enye ziyakwazi ukuthwala imithwalo enzima, enenzuzo kwizicelo ezifuna izixhobo ezibalulekileyo, ezifana nophando lwe-LIDAR lwasemoyeni, ukuhanjiswa kwempahla enzima, okanye ukukhangela okubanzi nokuhlangula. Ukusebenza kwabo kwinqwelomoya kubenza bafanelekele iiprojekthi ezifuna ukuchaneka kunye nexesha elide lomoya. Ukongeza, ubuchwephesha obufana nehelikopta benza ukuba ezi drones zihambe ngokuzinza okuphezulu kwaye ziqhube ngolawulo olukhethekileyo, iimpawu eziyimfuneko kuhlolo oluneenkcukacha kunye nokusebenza okuthe ngqo, kwindawo ukuya kwindawo eyahluka-hlukeneyo kunye nemingeni.

isiphelo

Ukukhetha i-drone efanelekileyo yorhwebo kubalulekile ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kakuhle kuwo wonke amashishini ahlukeneyo afana nokwakha, imigodi, amandla, kunye nezolimo, ngalinye lixhamla kwiimpawu ezikhethekileyo eziphucula ukuqokelelwa kwedatha, ukuphucula ukhuseleko, kunye neenkqubo zokulungelelanisa. Ukucinga okukwisisombululo esiphezulu kunye nokuhanjiswa kwedatha ngexesha lokwenyani kubalulekile kulwakhiwo, ngelixa iidrones ezomeleleyo, ezimelana nokusingqongileyo zilungele icandelo lezemigodi. Izibonelelo zezolimo ezivela kwizinzwa ze-NDVI zokubekwa esweni kwezityalo, kunye namacandelo amandla afuna umfanekiso oshushu wokuhlolwa kweziseko zophuhliso. Ukuqonda ezi mfuno zikhethekileyo kunye nobuchule beedrones ezikhoyo kuvumela amashishini ukuba asebenzise ezi zixhobo eziphambili ngokufanelekileyo, ukufumana umda wokukhuphisana kunye nokuphumeza ukusebenza okubalulekileyo kunye neendleko ezifanelekileyo.