I-HDD vs. SSD: Yintoni uMahluko?

Ubuchwephesha be-HDD (i-Hard Disk Drive) kunye ne-SSD (i-Solid State Drive) ziphakathi kwezinto abathengi abaziqwalaselayo xa bephucula umthamo wogcino lwangaphakathi wekhompyutha yabo. Zombini iinketho ziyafumaneka kwiikhompyuter ezininzi kunye neelaptops ezithengiswayo namhlanje. 

Njengoko itekhnoloji ikhula rhoqo, ukuqonda okuhle kunye nokungalunganga kokhetho ngalunye kuba yimfuneko ekwenzeni isigqibo esinolwazi ngeemfuno zomntu zekhompyutha.

Ke ngoko, esi sikhokelo sijonga umahluko osisiseko obeka ezi zindlu zimbini zokugcina amandla ngokwahlukeneyo. Ngokuqhawula ubuqhetseba bee-HDD kunye nee-SSD, abathengi banokumisela ukuba yeyiphi isisombululo sokugcina esihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo neemfuno zabo. 

Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi malunga nokufana kunye nomahluko phakathi kwe-hard kunye ne-slid-state drives.

Isiqulatho
Isishwankathelo seMarike yeHDD kunye ne-SSD
I-HDD kunye ne-SSD Icacisiwe
Ii-Pros and Cons of HDDs kunye nee-SSD
isiphelo

Isishwankathelo semarike yeHDD kunye ne-SSD

Imakethi ye-hard disk drive inexabiso lehlabathi jikelele USD 38,489.9 yezigidi ngo-2022, kwaye iingcali zilindele ubungakanani bemarike ukuba budubule kwaye bufikelele kwixabiso le-USD 80,873.0 yezigidi ngo-2029. Iyakukhula ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiweyo (CAGR) se-11.2% kwi-2022 ukuya kwi-2029 yexesha lengqikelelo.

Enye yezinto eziphembelela ukukhula kwemarike yeHDD kukukhula kokwamkelwa kwezi zisombululo zokugcinwa kwabantu abaninzi kwihlabathi liphela. Abathengi baphumeza kakhulu ephathekayo kwaye kwidesktop hard disk drives ukugcina iindlela zokusebenza, iinkqubo, kunye nezinye iifayile usebenzisa iidiski zemagnethi.

Ukongeza, kukho isidingo esikhulu sokugcinwa kwedatha kwiidrive ezibonakalayo ngamashishini orhwebo, amiselwe ukukhulisa imakethi ye-HDD. Abathengi bakhetha ii-hard drives nge indawo enkulu yokugcina njengoko inani ledatha ekufuneka igcinwe lihlala lisanda.

Kwelinye icala, imarike ye-SSD yehlabathi ixabisa ukuqikelelwa I-USD 55.69 yezigidigidi ngo-2023 kwaye iya kunyuka iye kwi-USD 125.05 yeebhiliyoni ngo-2028, ikhula ngesantya se-CAGR se-17.56%. 

Imfuno enkulu ye-slid-state drives iye yavela ngenxa yeenzuzo ezifana nesantya, ukuzola, kunye nokukhethwa ngokubanzi kwii-HDD. Ezi zinto zinokuqhuba SSD imarike phambili.

I-HDD kunye ne-SSD ichazwe

Yintoni i-slid-state drive (SSD)?

I-solid-state drive (SSD) sisixhobo sogcino lwedatha esisebenzisa imemori ye-flash esekwe kwi-NAND ukugcina idatha ngokusisigxina. Ngokungafaniyo zemveli hard disk drives, esebenzisa amacandelo oomatshini afana neediski ezijikelezayo kwaye ufunde/ubhale iintloko, ii-SSD azinamalungu ashukumayo. 

Lo mahluko usisiseko wenza ii-SSD zikhawuleze kakhulu, zithembeke ngakumbi, kwaye zonge amandla kunee-HDD.

SSD sebenza ngokugcina idatha kwiiseli zememori ezenziwe ngeetransistors ezidadayo. Ezi seli zememori zinokugcina idatha naxa amandla ecinyiwe, ukuqinisekisa ukuzingisa kwedatha. Xa ufikelela okanye ubhala idatha kwi-SSD, kubandakanya ukutshintsha imeko yombane kwezi seli zememori ukumela idatha yokubini (0s kunye no-1s).

Ukunqongophala kwamalungu oomatshini kwi SSD kuphelisa ixesha lokufuna kunye ne-latency ehambelana ne-HDD yendabuko, ebavumela ukuba bafikelele kwaye bafumane idatha ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, iphucula ukusebenza kwenkqubo iyonke kwaye inikezela ngamaxesha amafutshane okuqalisa kunye nokulayishwa kwesicelo okukhawulezayo.

Yintoni i-hard disk drive (HDD)?

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-hard disk drive (i-HDD), esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwiikhomputha kunye nezinye izixhobo zombane, isebenzisa iteknoloji yokugcina imagnethi ukugcina nokubuyisela ulwazi lwedijithali. 

Amalungu aphambili e- HDD zibandakanya iipleyiti zetsimbi ezigqunywe ngemagnethi kwaye zijikeleze ngesantya esiphezulu kunye nentloko efundwayo/ebhalayo ehamba phezu kweepleyiti ezijikelezayo ukufunda okanye ukubhala idatha.

Xa ubhala idatha kwi HDD, ukufunda/ukubhala intloko yenza imagnethi iindawo ezincinci kwiipleyiti ezijikelezayo, ezimele ulwazi lokubini lwedatha. Ukufunda idatha, intloko yokufunda / yokubhala ibona utshintsho lwamagnetic kwi-platters kwaye luguqulele emva kolwazi lwedijithali olunokuqonda ikhompyutha.

Ubume bomatshini bokusebenza kwabo benza iidiski ezinzima zicotha kune-SSD. Ukongeza, ubukho beendawo ezihambayo benza ukuba ii-HDD zichaphazeleke ngakumbi kumonakalo womzimba kunye nokulahleka kwedatha ngenxa yokothuka okanye ukunxiba ngokuhamba kwexesha. 

Ngaphandle kwale mida, iihard drive zediski zihlala zithandwa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo, ngakumbi xa umthamo omkhulu wokugcina ufuneka ngexabiso eliphantsi.

Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zee-HDD kunye nee-SSD

Ngaphambi kokuthatha isigqibo malunga nokhetho olunye, kukho imiba ekufuneka abathengi baqaphele apho ii-hard disk drives ziphumelela ii-SSD kunye nokunye. Apha ngezantsi kukho izinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga zento nganye:

Price

Ixabiso libalulekile xa uhlula ii-HDD kunye nee-SSD. Ngokwexabiso legigabyte nganye, SSD zibonakalise ukuba pricier xa kuthelekiswa hard drives. I-1TB yangaphakathi eyi-2.5-intshi ye-hard drive iqhele ukususela kwi-USD 40 ukuya kwi-USD 60, ngelixa ii-SSD ezifikelelekayo ezinomthamo ofanayo kunye nefom yefom iqala malunga ne-USD 80 ngexesha lokubhala. 

Oku kubangela iindleko ze-4 ukuya kwi-6 yeesenti kwi-gigabyte kwi-hard drive kunye ne-8 yeesenti kwi-gigabyte nganye ye-SSD.

Umahluko uya uhluke ngakumbi xa uhlola umthamo ophezulu we-3.5-intshi ye-hard drives. Ngokomzekelo, a 12TB 3.5-intshi hard drive inokubiza malunga ne-USD 300 ukuya kwi-USD 350, ukuqhuba ixabiso le-gigabyte nganye ngaphantsi kwe-3 cent.

Kwiminyaka embalwa ezayo, ii-hard drives kulindeleke ukuba zigcine inzuzo yazo yeendleko ngenxa yokuthembela kwitekhnoloji endala, esekwe kakuhle. Nangona umahluko ixabiso gigabyte nganye phakathi hard drives kunye ii-SSD eziphantsi iya icutheka kancinane, ukukhetha le yokugqibela kunokolula uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali lwenkqubo yekhompyutha yomthengi ngaphaya koko bebecebe ngako ekuqaleni.

Ubuninzi kunye namandla aqhelekileyo

I-HDDs kunye ne-SSD amandla okugcina avela kwi-128GB ukuya kwi-20TB. Ii-SSD zabathengi abakhulu, ngakumbi ezo zidlula i-2TB, zinqabile kwiimarike, kwaye xa zikhona, zivame ukuba yindleko. Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo lwabathengi baya kufumana iidrive eziphambili kwiinkqubo phakathi kwe-500GB kunye ne-1TB.

Iilaptops eziphambili kwezi ntsuku zihlala zine-500GB njengomthamo wokuqalisa wokugcina. Sekunjalo, kwiinkqubo ezifikelelekayo ngakumbi usebenzisa SSD, indawo yokugcina inokuhamba iphantsi njenge-128GB okanye i-256GB ngenxa yokuqwalaselwa kwexabiso.

Amandla amakhulu okugcina ayimfuneko kubasebenzisi abanokuqokelela okubanzi kweendaba okanye abo babandakanyekayo ekudaleni umxholo (njengokuhlelwa kwevidiyo). Iinkqubo ezikumgangatho ophezulu zinokubonelela ngee-SSD ukusuka 1TB ukuya kwi-8TB ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezinjalo zogcino olunzima.

Ukhuseleko kunye nokubuyisela idatha

Nanini na xa umqhubi wakho engaphumeleli, unokubuyisela idatha kuzo zombini i-SSD kunye ne-HDD-nangona kunjalo, kukho umahluko omncinane. Kuba i-SDD isentsha ngokwentelekiso kwimarike, iinkonzo ezininzi zokubuyisela idatha zihlawulisa kancinci ukubuyisela idatha. Kodwa inkqubo yokubuyisela idatha ikhawuleza kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neHDD.

Ii-SSD zisebenzisa umyalelo we-TRIM ukucima idatha ngokusisigxina xa icinyiwe. Lo myalelo ucima idatha ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iiseli zenza kube nzima ukubuyisela iifayile ezicinyiweyo. Ukutshabalalisa idatha ngokulinganayo kuzo zonke iiseli kunceda ukusasaza ukunxiba kunye nokukrazula ngokulinganayo, ukwenza i-SSD ihlale ixesha elide. 

Khusela idatha yakho ngokuxhasa rhoqo kwisitoreji selifu kunye ne-drive yangaphandle. Oku kuphelisa isidingo sokukhathazeka malunga nokubuyisela idatha xa umqhubi wakho esilela. 

isantya

Iidrive ze-Solid-state (SSDs) zigqwesa iidrive zediski zesiqhelo (HDDs) ngomda omkhulu malunga nesantya. Umzekelo, iPC esebenzisa i-SSD iya kuqalisa ngaphantsi komzuzu kwaye, kwiimeko ezininzi, imizuzwana. I-hard drive ithatha ixesha ukukhawulezisa kwiinkcukacha zokusebenza kwaye iya kuhlala icotha kune-SSD ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwansuku zonke. An I-PC ene-SSD okanye iibhutsi zeMac ngokukhawuleza, iqala kwaye iqhube isoftwe, kwaye idlulise iifayile ngokukhawuleza kuneekhompyuter zisebenzisa iiHDD.

Owona mbuzo uqhelekileyo ngowokuba ii-SSD zenza njani ikhompyuter yakho ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ii-SSD ziphucula isantya apho inani elikhulu ledatha lilayishwa ngaxeshanye. Nge-SSD, ezi nkqubo zilandelayo zisebenza ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukuqala inkqubo yokuqalisa inkqubo yokusebenza
• Ukuqalisa inkqubo
• Ukusungula inqanaba elitsha lomdlalo
• Ukuvula ifayile enkulu enesoftware esebenzisa amandla amaninzi ekhompyuter
• Ukungenisa kunye nokuthumela ngaphandle iifayile zevidiyo
• Ukujonga iifayile zevidiyo kwisoftware yokuhlela

Kwiimeko apho abathengi bahambisa iifayile ezinkulu, umahluko wesantya phakathi kwezi zibini uphawuleka kakhulu. Ii-HDD zinokukopa idatha kwi-30 ukuya kwi-150 megabytes ngesekhondi (MB / s). Xa kuthelekiswa, umgangatho SATA SSDs fezekisa umsebenzi ofanayo ngesantya se-500 MB/s. Ukusebenza kwee-NVMe SSD zamva nje kuyamangalisa ngakumbi, ukufikelela kwisantya esimangalisayo se-3,000 ukuya kwi-3,500 MB / s.

ukuhlala ixesha elide

Ii-SSD zinenzuzo enkulu yokuqina ngaphezulu kwee-HDD zemveli ngenxa yokunqongophala kweendawo ezihambayo. Olu phawu loyilo lwendalo lwenza SSD kakhulu ukumelana nomonakalo owenziwe ngamathontsi okanye iimpembelelo kwikhompyuter, ukuqinisa ukuthembeka kwazo zonke, ngakumbi kwiindawo ezingqongileyo ezigqithisileyo kunye neemeko zobushushu obugqithisileyo. 

Ii-SSD zanamhlanje ziyakwazi ukuhlala ubuncinci kangangee-HDDs. Nangona kuyinyani ukuba iiseli ze-SSD azinakubhalwa amaxesha amaninzi njengediski kwi-HDD, oku akufane kubonise ingxaki ekusetyenzisweni kokwenyani.

Xa kuza ku laptops, ii-SSD zigqwesa ii-HDD ngenxa yokuphatheka kwazo. Iilaptops zihlala ziphantsi kolawulo olurhabaxa, olunokuthi lonakalise izinto ezithambileyo ezihambayo ngaphakathi kweHDD.

Ukuqhuba iWindows CHKDSK (jonga umyalelo wediski) ukugcinwa kwe-SSD kukhuselekile kwaye kunenzuzo. Inceda ukuchonga kunye nokuphepha naziphi na iindawo eziphosakeleyo ze-SSD ezinokuthi ziye zathotywa ngokuhamba kwexesha. Noko ke, defragmenting i SSD ayikhuthazwa. Inkqubo yokuchithwa kwe-defragmentation ibandakanya imisebenzi emininzi yokubhala kunye nokubhala kwakhona, okunokukhawuleza inkqubo yokuguga ye-SSD.

Izinto zefom ye-SSD kunye ne-HDD

Ukugcinwa kwe-SSD kufumaneka kwiimpawu ezahlukeneyo kunye nobukhulu. Ekuqaleni, ii-SSD zenzelwe ukuphindaphinda ubungakanani kunye nokumila kwee-HDD zemveli ukuququzelela uphuculo olulula. Nangona kunjalo, abaninzi SSD ziye zadibana nenkqubela phambili yetekhnoloji kuba azithembeli kwiindawo ezihambayo.

Omnye umzekelo wefom encinci ye-SSD yi-M2 SSD. Ngelixa ezi SSDs zixabisa kakhulu, zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezibalulekileyo zokugcina indawo kwaye zinokufakwa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-motherboard ngaphandle kokufuna iintambo. 

iiM2 SSDs inokusebenzisa i-SATA okanye i-NVMe ukunxibelelana nebhodi yomama. Nangona kunjalo, abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuhambelana kwebhodi yabo yomama kunye neM2 drive ethile abazimisele ukuyisebenzisa.

Ingxolo, amandla, kunye nobomi

Ngokubhekiselele kwingxolo, ii-HDD ziyangxola kune-SSD. Yonke i-hard drive, neyona ithuleyo, ivelisa ingxolo ethile ngexesha lokusebenza ngenxa yokujikeleza kweepleyiti zokuqhuba kunye nokuhamba kwengalo efundwayo. Ingxolo ithande ukuphawuleka ngakumbi kwiihard drives ezikhawulezayo kunezo zicothayo. Kwelinye icala, ii-SSD azivelisi ngxolo njengoko zingathembeli kumatshini wokufunda okanye ukubhala idatha.

Ngaphaya koko, i-SSD ayifuni umbane ukuze ujikelezise isitya kwindawo yokuma, oko kuthetha ukuba akukho mandla asetyenzisiweyo achithwayo kwingxabano okanye nengxolo. Ngaloo ndlela, yenza SSD ngempumelelo kakhulu. Kwiidesktops okanye iiseva, oku kunyuswa kokusebenza kakuhle kunokukhokelela kwibhili yamandla ephantsi. Ngokufanayo, iilaptops okanye iitafile zivumela ubomi obude bebhetri, zikunika imizuzu okanye iiyure zokusebenzisa ngaphandle kokutshaja kwakhona.

Emva koko kukho umbandela wokuphila ixesha elide omele uwuqwalasele. Ngelixa ii-SSD zaziwa ngokuphela ngokukhawuleza, ukuqhubela phambili kwetekhnoloji, njenge Umyalelo we-TRIM, khulisa ngamandla le mijikelo yokufunda/yokubhala, okwenza kube lula kubathengi ukuba badibane neempazamo zokufunda/zokubhala nge-SSD phambi kokuqwalasela ukuphuculwa kwenkqubo yabo ngenxa yokuphelelwa lixesha.

Ukuba kusekho inkxalabo, izixhobo ezahlukeneyo ziyafumaneka ukunceda abasebenzisi ukuba babeke iliso kubomi babo be-drive kunye nokuvavanya impilo yabo. Kwelinye icala, ngenxa yokusetyenziswa rhoqo, hard drives zemveli nazo ziya kuphelelwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ngenxa yokuxhomekeka kwazo kwiindlela zokurekhoda ngokwasemzimbeni. Xa uthelekisa ubomi obude, buba buncinci xa bunokuthatha isigqibo malunga nokuhamba kunye nobunzima.

Ugcino: Ukwaphula ngokusetyenziswa kwetyala

Isishwankathelo, ii-hard drives ngokubanzi zigqwesa ngokwexabiso kunye nomthamo. Kungenjalo, ii-SSD zikhethwa xa izinto ezifana nesantya, ukurhabaxa, ifom factor, ingxolo, okanye isantya zibalulekile. Ukuba ixabiso kunye nomthamo wokugcina bezingathinteli izinto, ii-SSD ngokungathandabuzekiyo ziya kuba ngumnqobi ocacileyo.

Umbuzo ovelayo: Yeyiphi i-SSD okanye i-HDD inketho efanelekileyo kakhulu kwiimfuno zomthengi? Masiyihlalutye ngakumbi:

Ngoobani iiHDD ezilungele?

• Abasebenzisi ngokubanzi: Kubasebenzisi abathanda ukugcina okanye ukukhuphela inani elikhulu leefayile zeendaba zobuqu, i-hard drive enomthamo ophezulu isafuneka njengoko ii-SSD zixabisa kakhulu kwingqokelela yevidiyo kunye nomculo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba bakhetha ukusasaza umculo kunye neevidiyo kwi-intanethi, bekhetha encinci SSD ngexabiso elifanayo liya kubonelela ngokungenamthungo kunye namava omsebenzisi amnandi.
• Abathengi bebhajethi: Traditional hard drives zibonelela ngogcino olwaneleyo ngexabiso eliphantsi, nto leyo ezenza zibe lukhetho olusebenzayo kubathengi bee-USD 300 zeePC abafumana ii-SSD zibiza kakhulu.
•  Abasebenzisi bemithombo yeendaba ezininzi abanomdla kunye nabakhupheli abanzima: Kubaqokeleli bevidiyo, ukuba nendawo yokugcina eyaneleyo kubalulekile, kwaye ii-hard drives eziqhelekileyo zibonelela ngendlela elula nengabizi kakhulu yokufumana i-8TB okanye umthamo wogcino ongaphezulu.
• Amagcisa emifanekiso kunye nabayili: Abahleli bevidiyo kunye neefoto basebenzisa indawo yokugcina ngokukhawuleza kunabanye abasebenzisi. Ukongeza a I-2TB hard drive kuya kuba sezantsi kunokutshintsha i-500GB SSD. Nangona kunjalo, umahluko wexabiso uya usiba mncinci.

Ngoobani ii-SSD ezilungele?

• Iinjineli zeaudio kunye neemvumi: Ukurekhoda okanye ukulawula umculo, khetha ii-SSD ezizolileyo ukunqanda isandi esikrwempayo esinokuvelisa ii-hard drives.
• Iidemon zesantya: Abathengi abafuna ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, ukuqalisa ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-app kwinkqubo yabo banokutyala imali kwi SSD. Bangongeza i-hard drive eyongezelelweyo okanye i-SSD ukuba bafuna ukugcinwa okungakumbi.
• Amaqhawe endlela: Abasebenzisi abahlohla ngempazamo iilaptop zabo kwiingxowa baya kufumana ukhuseleko olongezelelweyo lwe SSD enomtsalane. Ukuvala ilaptop ngequbuliso ukubamba inqwelomoya akunakuqinisekisa ukuba ilele ngokupheleleyo, kwaye le nkxalabo idlulela kwiingcali ezisebenza ekuhambeni, njengabasebenzi abaluncedo kunye nabaphandi baseyunivesithi.
• Ubugcisa bomzobo kunye neengcali zobunjineli: Nangona Iidiski ezinzima zifanelekile, i-advanteji yesantya se-SSD inokuba ngumba wokwahlula phakathi kokuphumeza izindululo ezibini zomxhasi okanye ukufezekisa isihlanu esimangalisayo.

isiphelo

Umlo phakathi kwee-HDD kunye nee-SSD uqhubeka kwihlabathi eliguqukayo lekhompyuter. Njengoko abathengi befuna isisombululo esigqibeleleyo sokugcina, ukuqonda umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwezi zindlu zimbini zombane kuba yeyona nto iphambili. Ii-HDD zilawula ngexabiso kunye nomthamo, ngelixa ii-SSD zigqwesa ngesantya, ukuqina, kunye nokuphatheka. Ngesi sikhokelo, abathengi banokukhetha ngobulumko, ekugqibeleni benze wonke umahluko kuhambo lwabo lwekhompyuter.