Ungazikhetha njani ii-CPU ezifanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho

Ukukhetha i-CPU efanelekileyo kubalulekile ukuba umntu uyakha iPC entsha okanye ucinga ngokuphucula imodeli yakhe endala. Uninzi lwabathengi bawela engxakini xa bekhetha iprosesa efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo ngelixa becinga ukuba ukhetho lwabo luya kugqiba amava abo xa benxibelelana nekhompyuter yabo.

Izinto ezinje ngee-cores, iintambo, kunye nesantya sewotshi zezinye izinto ezikwi-spec sheet yomthengi xa kuthengwa i-CPU. Eli nqaku liza kuphonononga nzulu kwezi ngcebiso kunye nezinto ezininzi umntu ekufuneka aziqwalasele xa uthengela abaqhubekekisi bekhompyuter. Qhubeka ufunda ukuze ufunde ngakumbi.

Isiqulatho
Inkulu kangakanani imakethi ye-CPU yehlabathi?
Iintlobo zee-CPUs
Zithini iinjongo zakho zokusetyenzwa kwekhompyuter?
Khetha iprosesa yakho: AMD okanye Intel
Iimpawu ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha ii-CPUs
isiphelo

Inkulu kangakanani imakethi ye-CPU yehlabathi?

Imarike yeprosesa yekhompyuter yehlabathi inkulu. Kuphononongo lwemalike olwenziwa yiMaxime Market Research, ubungakanani bemarike ngo-2022 bebuxabisa i-US $95.99 yeebhiliyoni kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kufikelela kwi-US $127.43 yezigidigidi ngo-2029.

Abadlali abaphambili kwimakethi ye-CPU babandakanya iinkampani ezinkulu zetekhnoloji ezifana ne-Intel, i-Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), iNvidia, Qualcomm, Apple, Alphabet Inc., Dell, Xilinx, njl kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba uMntla Melika uya kulawula imarike.

Ngaphambili, igalelo kubungakanani bemakethe ye-CPU enkulu yayikukunyuka kokufumaneka kwedatha kunye nokuphuculwa kwe-algorithms. Uninzi lwale datha ludinga ukusetyenzwa ngokufanelekileyo nangokuchaneka; kungoko abantu bafumana iiprosesa zePC ngale njongo.

Namhlanje, amashishini ahlukeneyo axhomekeke kwii-CPUs kwimisebenzi efana nemodeli yopopayi kunye nokubonelela, imifanekiso yezonyango, i-CAD, kunye noyilo lwegraphic, ngaloo ndlela ukuqhuba imfuno.

IoT (i-Intanethi yezinto) yenye igalelo eliya kukhokelela kwimfuno ye-CPUs. Njengoko iibhiliyoni zezixhobo ziya kudityaniswa, isantya esiphezulu sekhompyuter siya kufuneka.

Kwakhona, i-Field Programmable Gate Array - IiYunithi zokuLungisa iCentral okanye FPGA-CPUs, ubungakanani bayo bemakethi kulindeleke ukuba bunyuke kwi-CAGR ye-14.6% ukusuka kwi-9.7 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2023 ukuya kwi-19.1 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2028, iya kwenza impembelelo kwimarike ye-CPU iyonke. Ii-FPGA-CPUs zisetyenziswa ngokudityaniswa nee-supercomputers eziphezulu zokusebenza.

Ngolu lwazi, amashishini athengisa ii-CPU anamandla okwenza inzuzo enkulu ngokufumana iimveliso ezifanelekileyo. Makhe sijonge ukuba yeyiphi na amashishini ekufuneka ayazi xa ekhetha ii-CPU ezifanelekileyo kubathengi bazo.

Iintlobo zee-CPUs

Iiyunithi zokucubungula ezisembindini zihlelwa ngokweendidi ezahlukeneyo abathengi ekufuneka bazi. Zimi ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-CPU engundoqo enye

Olu lolona hlobo ludala lwe-CPU ekhoyo kwimarike kwaye ifumaneka kwiikhompyuter ezininzi ezisetyenziswa ezindlini naseziofisini. I-CPU engundoqo enye iqhuba umsebenzi omnye ngexesha. Oku kuthetha ukuba inomda wokukwazi ukwenza izinto ezininzi, nto leyo engowona mngcipheko mkhulu. Ke ngoko, ukusebenzisa imiyalelo emininzi kwiinkqubo ze-CPU ezingundoqo kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwazo.

Dual-core CPU

A okona kubini I-CPU inama-cores amabini asebenza njengeeprosesa ezimbini zekhompyuter enye ezifakwe kwi-CPU enye. Kuba inondoqo owongezelelweyo, isebenza ngokukhawuleza kune-CPU enye kwaye inokuqhuba iinkqubo ezininzi. Nangona i-CPU yomelele ngakumbi kuneprosesa yekhompyuter enye, ii-quad-core CPUs zisebenza ngcono.

I-Quad-core CPU

Kwigama layo, olu hlobo lwe-CPU iyilwe ngeecores ezine. Iyakhawuleza ukodlula zombini ii-CPU ezingundoqo kunye nezimbini. Xa inkqubo iqhutywa kwinkqubo esebenzisa le CPU engundoqo, isasaza umthwalo womsebenzi phakathi kweecores ezine. Le CPU ifanelekile kwimisebenzi enzima efana nokudlala.

I-CPU emithandathu

Ikwaziwa njengeprosesa ye-hexacore, le yi-CPU engundoqo ebandakanya iicores ezintandathu. Kuba inama-cores amaninzi, inokusingatha imisebenzi ngokukhawuleza nangaphezulu kune-double-core kunye ne-quad-core PC processors.

CPU ezisibhozo

An ezisibhozo-core I-CPU ibandakanya iiprosesa ezimbini ze-quad-core ezakhelwe kwi-CPU enye. Iinkqubo eziqhubayo kwabelwana ngazo phakathi kweecores ezisibhozo zenza ukuba ukusebenza kwayo kukhawuleze ngakumbi kunomprosesa wePC ezimbini.

Zithini iinjongo zakho zokusetyenzwa kwekhompyuter?

Emva kokujonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-CPU kwaye ufumane eyona ilungileyo, inyathelo elilandelayo liqwalasela ukuba wenze ntoni nge-CPU. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela oku kuba ezinye ii-CPU zinokuthi zilungele imisebenzi yemini kwaye zingaboneleli ngokusebenza ngokufanelekileyo kwemidlalo. Apha ngezantsi kukho imisebenzi edumileyo yokwenza ngeprosesa yePC.

Imisebenzi esisiseko

Abathengi abafuna i-chip yokuphatha iinkqubo ezilula ezifana namaxwebhu e-Word, ukukhangela iwebhu, okanye ukubukela iividiyo banokukhetha enye ene-cores ezimbini okanye ezine. Banokukhetha iitshiphusi ezifana ne I-AMD Ryzen 3 3200G or 4100G kwaye Intel Pentium ukuba benza imisebenzi emininzi. Ukwenza umsebenzi omnye ngexesha, abathengi banokukhetha i-AMD Athlon 200GE okanye i-Intel Celeron processors.

Gaming

Abathengi abanomdla kwiprosesa ehambelana neemfuno zabo zokudlala banokukhetha iprosesa ye-multicore ene-cores ezine, ezintandathu kunye nesibhozo. Iimodeli ezifana ne-Intel I5 kwaye I-AMD Ryzen 5 I-CPU yimizekelo ephakathi kuluhlu abathengi abanokukhetha kuyo. Kwimidlalo ephezulu, apho i imifanekiso yekhadi yeyona nto iphambili, abathengi banokuchitha ngaphezulu ngokukhetha iCore i7 enamandla okanye iRyzen 7 processor.

Umsebenzi wemidiya yokudala

Abathengi kwi-niche yokudala banokufuna iprosesa ekhawulezayo enendawo yokwenza eminye imisebenzi ngasemva. An AMD Ryzen chip, i-CPU engundoqo esibhozo, inokwenza imisebenzi yoyilo lwegraphic kunye nokuhlelwa kwevidiyo okukumgangatho ophezulu.

Khetha iprosesa yakho: AMD okanye Intel

I-AMD kunye ne-Intel ngamagama athandwayo kwindalo yonke ye-CPU. Ngelixa i-Intel izakhele igama layo njengomnye wabavelisi be-CPU elona xesha lide, i-AMD iphakathi kwezona chips zikwaziyo namhlanje. Ngokomzekelo, i-AMD's I-Threadripper kunye neeprosesa zeRyzen ziye zanceda inkampani ukuba ikhuphisane ne-Intel's top chips ezifana ne I9 kwaye i Xeon Gold CPUs.

Zombini iinkampani zibonelela abathengi ngee-CPU ezenza imisebenzi ephantsi kunye nephezulu yokusebenza. Nangona kunjalo, abanye abathanda i-diehard banokuxoxa ukuba enye i-brand ineechips eziqhuba ngcono kunezinye. Kule meko, abathengi kufuneka babe nengqondo evulekile kwaye bangazinzisi enye.

Iimpawu ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha ii-CPUs

Ngaphandle kokujonga uhlobo lwe-CPU, uphawu, kunye nenjongo yeprosesa, abathengi banokujonga ezinye izinto ukubanceda benze ukhetho olungcono. Ezi ziquka iicores, isantya sewotshi, imisonto, kunye nokunye. Ezi nkcukacha zilandelayo:

umphakathi

Iicores zinokuchazwa njengenani labaqhubekisi kwiprosesa. IiCPU zanamhlanje zinokuba nazo ezininzi kangangoko I-64 cores kwaye zimbalwa njengeecores ezimbini. Uninzi lweeprosesa zi-quad-core okanye ezisibhozo-core, abathengi abanokuthi bazikhethele iimfuno zabo. 

Ngokubanzi, okukhona iiprosesa ezininzi zine-CPU, kokukhona, ziyivumela ukuba yenze imisebenzi emininzi xa ithelekiswa ne-core-core okanye i-core-core CPU. Umzekelo, i-CPU engundoqo esibhozo inokuqhuba iithebhu ezininzi ze-Chrome ngaphandle kokushiyeka, umsebenzi apho i-double-core ayikwazi ukuwenza kakuhle.

Ukongeza, iiprosesa ze-quad-core ezisezantsi zilungele imisebenzi ekhanyayo njengokusasaza umculo kunye neevidiyo. Kwangaxeshanye, ii-CPU ze-octa-core lukhetho olufanelekileyo lokuqhuba iinkqubo ezinzima zokuhlelwa kwevidiyo ephezulu okanye ukudlala.

Izantya zewotshi

Isantya sewotshi yisantya esebenza ngaso itshiphu. Ngoko ke, isantya esiphezulu, ngokukhawuleza i-CPU. Isantya sewotshi ye-CPU inemilinganiselo yayo kwigigahertz (GHz). Uninzi lwee-CPU zinokuhlengahlengisa isantya ngokusekwe kukuqina komsebenzi kunye nobushushu bechip.

Ngokuxhomekeke kumsebenzi wekhompyutha, abathengi banokumisela ukuba yeyiphi isantya sewotshi abanokuyikhetha. Izantya zewotshi eziphezulu zikhokelela ekulayisheni ngokukhawuleza xa uvula ii-apps. Itshiphu ye-3–4GHz yanele kubasebenzisi bekhompyuter ngokubanzi kunye nabadlali.

TDP

I-TDP yenye into abathengi abafanele bayiqaphele ngelixa bethenga i-CPU. Ngokupheleleyo, kuthetha Amandla oYilo lweThermal kwaye imele ubushushu obuphezulu bexabiso letshiphu ekufuneka livelise kwizantya ezisemgangathweni. I-CPU's TDP ilinganiswa ngeewatts.

Ngaphambi kokuthenga i-CPU, abathengi kufuneka baqinisekise ukuba bayo kupholile inokumelana nobushushu obuchithayo. Ukuba i-CPU ine-TDP ene-watts ezininzi, abathengi banokufumana isixokelelwano sokupholisa kunye nonikezelo lwamandla ukulungiselela ubushushu obuveliswayo kunye nokubonelela ngeyona ndlela ifanelekileyo yokusebenza abayifunayo.

ikhava

I-cache kwi-CPU ibamba idatha esetyenziswa rhoqo yiPC ukuze iprosesa ikwazi ukufikelela kuyo ngokukhawuleza ukwenza imisebenzi ephindaphindayo ngokukhawuleza. Ukuba idatha egciniweyo ayifumaneki, i-CPU iya kufikelela kwi-RAM.

Ii-cache ze-in-chip ziza kwiindidi ezintathu: i-L1, i-L2, kunye ne-L3. Olona hlobo lukhawulezayo lwe-cache lu L1, kodwa inendawo encinane. L2 iyacotha kodwa inesithuba esingaphezulu sokufikelela kunye nokuthumela imiyalelo phakathi kwe-RAM yekhompyutha kunye ne-CPU. L3 iqhayisa ngesona sithuba kodwa yeyona icothayo kwezi zintathu.

Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku ayisiyiyo A umsebenzisi afanele ukuxhalaba ngayo, njengoko isixa sedatha ekufuneka igcinwe kwihlabathi lokwenyani ayinakulinganiswa. Abathengi kufuneka endaweni yoko bathathele ingqalelo ezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo, ezinje ngee-cores kunye nesantya sewotshi, ngaphambi kokuthenga i-CPU.

Imiba

Imisonto imele inani leenkqubo enye i-chip inokusingatha enye ngexesha, efana nenani lee-cores. Nangona kunjalo, ii-CPU ezininzi zinento yokwenza izinto ezininzi apho undoqo omnye unokuvelisa imisonto emininzi. Amagama e-AMD awabo njenge-SMT okanye i-multithreading ngaxeshanye, ngelixa i-Intel ibizwa ngokuba yi-hyper-threading.

Okukhona i-CPU inemisonto emininzi, kokukhona isenza ngcono ukusebenza kwayo okuninzi, konyusa ukusebenza kwekhompyuter ngelixa isebenza kwizicelo ezifuna ukuthunga, njengee-transcoders kunye nabahleli beaudio kunye nevidiyo.

Ukuxhasana kwendawo

I-socket ye-CPU lujongano olubonakalayo apho i-CPU incamathela kwi-motherboard. Ayisiyiyo kuphela i-socket ebonelela ngoqhagamshelo lomzimba, kodwa ikwaququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwedatha okusebenzayo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla phakathi kwe-CPU kunye nebhodi yomama.

Ukongeza, ngokuthelekisa uhlobo lwesokhethi ye-CPU kwi-motherboard yayo, abathengi basebenzisa izibonelelo zokusebenza ezibonelelwa yimodeli ye-CPU, njengondoqo owongezelelweyo, isantya sewotshi ephezulu, kunye namandla aphezulu okusebenza.

Abathengi banokuqinisekisa ukuhambelana kweesokethi ngokujonga iinkcukacha ze-CPUs ukuqinisekisa ukuba ibhodi yomama iyayixhasa. Umntu unokukwenza oku ngokujonga iinkcukacha kwiwebhusayithi yomenzi. Ekugqibeleni, umsebenzisi uya konwabela amava agqwesileyo ekhompyuter kwi-chip yakhe.

isiphelo

Esi sikhokelo sichaza ngokucacileyo ukuba abathengi kufuneka bazi ntoni xa bethenga ii-CPU. Ukukhetha i-CPU efanelekileyo, abathengi kufuneka baqale baqonde injongo yabo kunye neprosesa, njengoko kukho into yomntu wonke. Emva koko, banokuthathela ingqalelo uhlobo lweprosesa ngaphambi kokungena kwiinkcukacha, bejonga izinto ezifana nenani leecores kunye nokuhambelana kweesokethi.

utyelelo Chovm.com ukufumana ii-CPU ezifanelekileyo kumashishini akho okanye abathengi.