Indlela yokukhetha isiXhobo sokupholisa esigqibeleleyo

Ukusebenzisa izixhobo zokupholisa ezifanelekileyo kwandisa ukuchaneka kwenkqubo yemveliso kunye nesantya. Kwakhona, ezi chillers kunokunciphisa iindleko zizonke kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi. Ukungaphumeleli ukufumana izixhobo zokupholisa ezifanelekileyo kuthetha ukuba iziphumo aziyi kuba njengoko kulindelekile, kwaye ixabiso linokuba phezulu kakhulu. Kuba zininzi kakhulu ezi zipholileyo kwimarike, kubalulekile ukuqokelela lonke ulwazi oluyimfuneko phambi kokuba uthenge. 

Eli nqaku liza kujonga kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo ze izixhobo zokupholisa ekhoyo kunye nendlela yokukhetha ii-chillers ezifanelekileyo. Ukongeza, iyakuxoxa ngesabelo semakethi yezixhobo ezibandayo, ubungakanani, kunye nokukhula okulindelekileyo. 

Isiqulatho
Amagqabantshintshi emarike yezixhobo zokupholisa
Iintlobo zezixhobo zokupholisa
Indlela yokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokupholisa
isishwankathelo

Amagqabantshintshi emarike yezixhobo zokupholisa 

Imakethi yehlabathi yezixhobo zokupholisa yahlulwe ngokusekwe kuhlobo, imveliso yokusetyenziswa kokuphela, kunye nommandla. Kuqikelelwa ukuba iza kwanda ngenxa yemfuno evela kumashishini amaninzi okusetyenziswa kokuphela. Ngokubanzi, imfuno ye-chillers ikhulile ngenxa yezibonelelo zabo kunye nokhuphiswano olunempilo olwenziwe ngabavelisi abakhulu. Abanye babavelisi baquka iDaikin Industries, Trane Technology, kunye neKKT Chillers. 

Uphando lweeMarike kunye neeMarike kuqikelelwa ukuba ubungakanani bemarike yezixhobo zokupholisa kwihlabathi jikelele USD 4.1 ibhiliyoni ngo-2021. Bekulindeleke ukuba ifike USD 4.8 billion ngo-2026, ukubhalisa i-CAGR ye 3.0%. Amandla okuqhuba kolu hlumo kukubuyiselwa kwamashishini amakhulu asebenzisa isiphelo ngeli xesha loqikelelo.

Ngo-2020, icandelo le-scrolling chillers lalawula intengiso yezixhobo zokupholisa ngesabelo esingaphezulu kwe-40.0%. Oku kungenxa yokuba skrola i-chillers kuphole kusetyenziswa amanzi kunye nolwelo lokudlulisa ubushushu, nto leyo ebenza basebenze ngakumbi. 

Ngokommandla, i Asia Pacific Imakethi ilawula imakethi ye-chiller yehlabathi ngenxa yokwanda kokwamkelwa komntwana Indiya , iTshayina, yaye mpuma Asia. 

Iintlobo zezixhobo zokupholisa 

1. Ukufunxwa komphunga

Oomatshini bokufunxa umphunga (VAM) ivelisa amanzi abandayo kusetyenziswa imithombo yobushushu efana namanzi ashushu, umphunga, ioli, kunye negesi. Ifriji esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi ammonia. Ekupholiseni ukufunxa, imigaqo emithathu iyasetyenziswa:

– Ulwelo lufudunyezwa ukuba lubilise okanye lube ngumphunga, kwaye irhasi iyaphola ukuze ijiyane.

– Xa uxinzelelo luthotywa ngaphezu kolwelo, indawo yokubilisa iyancipha.

- Ngexesha lenkqubo yokubanda, ubushushu buhamba ukusuka kwindawo efudumeleyo ukuya kwindawo epholileyo.

2. Uxinzelelo lomphunga

In izixhobo zokupholisa umphunga, umjikelo uquka amacandelo amane: i-condenser, i-compressor, i-evaporator, kunye nokwandisa / i-valve ye-throttle. Le nkqubo yoxinzelelo ijolise ekunyuseni uxinzelelo lwefriji (R-717) njengoko iqukuqela ukusuka kumphunga. Isikhenkcezisi esinoxinzelelo oluphezulu sihamba kwisitshintshi sobushushu/icondenser phambi kokuba sifumane uxinzelelo lokuqala kwaye siqukuqele sibuyela kumphunga.

Inkqubo yokupholisa ibandakanya:

- Uxinzelelo: Ubushushu kunye noxinzelelo lwefriji luphakanyisiwe.

– Ukujiya: Ubushushu bugqithiselwa ukusuka kwisikhenkcisi ukuya kumpompozo wamanzi.

- Ukubetha kunye nokwandisa: Ifriji iyanda kwi-valve ye-throttling ukukhulula uxinzelelo kunye nokunciphisa ubushushu.

– Umphunga: Isikhenkcisi siyaba ngumphunga kwaye sifunxe ubushushu obufihlakeleyo bomphunga.

Indlela yokukhetha izixhobo ezifanelekileyo zokupholisa 

1

Ubungakanani obuchanekileyo be-chiller bubalulekile njengoko bumisela umgangatho wayo wokusebenza. Kukho iingxaki ezihlala zisenzeka xa kusetyenziswa izikhenkcezisi ezincinci. Oku kungenxa yokuba abakwazi ukupholisa ngokufanelekileyo amacandelo enkqubo, kwaye ubushushu bamanzi busenokungazinzi. 

Kwelinye icala, ii-chillers ezigqithisileyo azikwazi kubaleka kwawona manqanaba asebenzayo kwaye zidla ngokuba yindleko ukuzisebenza nokuzigcina. Abathengi bakhetha ubungakanani obufanelekileyo ngokuqwalasela isantya sokuhamba kunye nesixa sobushushu isixhobo inkqubo negalelo eliphakathi ebandayo. Ukuskrola okuqhelekileyo okanye izixhobo zokupholisa izijija zinokusuka Iitoni ezili-30 ukuya kwezi-85.

2. Iimpawu zokusebenza

Iimpawu zokusebenza, amanqanaba emveliso, kunye nexesha ziyaqwalaselwa xa kukhethwa isixhobo sokupholisa. Ubungakanani be-chiller bumisela ukusebenza kwayo kunye namandla okupholisa. Ezinye ii-chillers zinamasebe ahlukeneyo okupholisa azimeleyo abonelela ngokuguquguquka okuphuculweyo, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle. 

Kwakhona, uninzi lwee-chillers zenzelwe ukupholisa izinto ngokukhawuleza. Abathengi banokukhetha ukufumana ii-chillers ezinkulu ukulungiselela utshintsho kwiimfuno zamandla okupholisa. Kufuneka bakhethe ii-chillers ngokusekelwe kwiibhetshi zezinto abazimisele ukuzipholisa. 

3. Umthamo wokupholisa

Umthamo wokupholisa we-chiller ulinganisa ukukwazi kwenkqubo ukususa ubushushu. Ngokubanzi, iiyunithi ze-SI zomthamo wokupholisa ziiwatts (W), iitoni zesikhenkcisi (RT), okanye iBritish Thermal Units ngeyure (BTU/hr). Umthamo wokupholisa wezixhobo zokupholisa uyancipha kunye nobushushu obumiselweyo. 

Indawo yokubeka esezantsi ithetha umahluko omncinci wobushushu phakathi kwe-chiller fluid kunye nefriji. Kule meko, ukuhanjiswa kobushushu obuncinci kuya kunciphisa umthamo wokupholisa. Abathengi kufuneka bahlale bejonga iinkcukacha zomenzi ezichaza umthamo wokupholisa kumaqondo athile obushushu. Umzekelo, ukupholisa kwi-40 GPM ukusuka kwi-70 ukuya kwi-58 degrees Fahrenheit kufuna i-25-ton chiller. 

4. Ixabiso

Izinto ezininzi zichaphazela ixabiso le-chillers, kuquka imodeli, amandla, ukuchaneka kolawulo lobushushu, inkonzo emva kokuthengisa, umthamo wokupholisa, kunye nezinye iiparameters zobugcisa. Ngenxa yoko, abathengi kufuneka bakhethe ngononophelo i-chillers ngokusekelwe kwiimfuno zabo zemveliso. 

Ukukhetha izigodo ezikumgangatho ophantsi kunye nezingabizi kakhulu kunokubangela ukuchaneka okusezantsi kunye nokuphoxeka okuchanekileyo. I-chiller esemgangathweni esemgangathweni inokuchaneka okufunekayo kuyo yonke indawo Iidigri ezingama-0.1 zecelsius. I-chillers ethandwa kakhulu inexabiso lokuqala malunga USD 1.000. 

5. Indawo yokusebenza

Abathengi kufuneka bazazi iimeko zesiza apho ii-chillers abajonge ukuzifumana ziya kusebenza khona. Ngaloo ndlela, ngokuqinisekileyo baya kukhetha iimveliso ezifanelekileyo ezihambelana nemigca yabo yemveliso. Ngokusisiseko, imiqobo yendawo kunye nobushushu bendawo zezona meko zibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe. Iinkqubo zokupholisa zisebenzisa umoya okhoyo/ubushushu befriji ukuphembelela ukuhanjiswa kobushushu kwinkqubo yokujiya. 

Umzekelo, ukunyuka kobushushu bomoya okwindawo engqongileyo kunciphisa umahluko weqondo lobushushu, kunciphisa ukuhamba kobushushu ngokupheleleyo. Ukuqwalasela imiqobo yendawo, kubalulekile ukugcina ubushushu bomoya obufanelekileyo. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokubonelela ngendawo yomoya yokujikeleza okwaneleyo malunga nezixhobo zokupholisa. 

6. Inkqubo yokupholisa ubushushu

Ngokubanzi, umthamo wokupholisa wesixhobo sokupholisa uchatshazelwa ngokuthe ngqo liqondo lobushushu elilinganayo. Ngamanye amazwi, iqondo lobushushu apho i-chiller ibekwe khona amandla ayo okupholisa ngokupheleleyo. Kule meko, ukuhla kweqondo lokushisa kwandisa umthwalo kwinkqubo yokupholisa, ngelixa ukunyuka kweqondo lokushisa kunciphisa umthwalo kwifriji. 

Ngokuqhelekileyo, uluhlu lobushushu olufunekayo kwinkqubo yamanzi ebandayo 6 ukuya kuma-12 degrees Celsius or 5 ukuya kuma-11 degrees Celsius kunye nokwahlukana kwamaqondo amathandathu obushushu. 

7. Ulwelo oluza kusetyenziswa

Xa ukhetha ulwelo oluza kusetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokupholisa, abathengi kufuneka bathathele ingqalelo ukuhambelana kwayo nesixhobo kunye nokusebenza kwayo. Ulwelo olusetyenziswa kakhulu lubandakanya amanzi, ioli enyibilikayo emanzini, yaye ioyile. Ukusebenza kwabo kusekelwe kakhulu kwiipropati ezithile kwiqondo lokushisa elichaziweyo. Amacandelo aquka i-viscosity, ubushushu obuthile, kunye namanqaku abilayo kunye nomkhenkce. Ngokuhambelana nesixhobo, izixhobo kunye nolwelo olusetyenzisiweyo kufuneka luncedisane ukuthintela umngcipheko wokuhlwa kunye nokuthotywa kwetywina kwangoko.  

8. Isikhenkcisi

I-refrigerant yikhemikhali yekhemikhali esebenza kumgaqo osisiseko wokutshintsha kwesigaba ukusuka kwifom ye-liquid ukuya kwi-gesi kunye nokubuyela kulwelo kunye nokunyanzeliswa ngexesha lomjikelezo wefriji. Iifriji ezininzi zisetyenziswa kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zokupholisa ngokusekelwe kumaqondo obushushu abekiweyo. Ifriji esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo yi ammonia (R717) eyeyekhemikhali ezingenayo ihalogen. Oku kungenxa yokuba inelona zinga liphezulu lokufunxa ubushushu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwizixa ezincinci, eziphathwayo. Ezinye iifriji ziquka amanzi, R134 HFC, R744 CO2, I-R404A, njalo 

isishwankathelo

Oomatshini bokuvelisa ivelisa ubushushu obuninzi ngexesha lokusebenza ngenxa ye-automation enzima ukufezekisa ukuchaneka okuphezulu kunye nesantya. Ke ngoko, oomatshini bafuna iinkqubo zokupholisa ukuze zisebenze ngokufanelekileyo nangempumelelo. Abathengi kufuneka baqonde iimeko kunye nenkqubo apho izixhobo zokupholisa ziya kusetyenziswa. Esi sikhokelo singentla sichaza iimpawu ezifuneka kakhulu kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo zeenkqubo zokupholisa. Ngaphezu koko, ukufumana izixhobo zokupholisa ezisemgangathweni, ndwendwela Chovm.com.