Ungasikhetha njani isiguquli seSola esiLungileyo ngo-2024

Iziguquli zelanga ziyinxalenye ephambili yayo nayiphi na inkqubo yelanga njengoko ziguqula amandla aveliswa ziipaneli zelanga zibe ngumthombo onokusetyenziswa kwizinto ezininzi zombane zanamhlanje. Ii-inverters zelanga ziye zaziwa kakhulu kwiminyaka yamuva nje njengoko amakhaya amaninzi aqhubeka nokwamkela amandla elanga, nokuba ukunciphisa iindleko zabo zamandla, ukufumana ubomi obuzinzileyo, okanye ukuphucula ukufikelela kumthombo wamandla. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuno ekhulayo yee-inverters zelanga, ukunika abathengisi ithuba lokuhlangabezana nalo mkhwa okhulayo.

Kukho, nangona kunjalo, inkitha yee-inverters zelanga ezikhoyo kwimarike yanamhlanje, yiyo loo nto eli nqaku lichaza iingcebiso ezisebenzayo eziya kuvumela abathengisi ukuba bafumane eyona ilungileyo. abaguquli belanga kuluhlu lweemfuno kunye nezicelo ngo-2024.

Isiqulatho
Ziziphi ii-inverters zelanga?
Zisebenza njani iziguquli zelanga?
Ziziphi iintlobo zee-inverters zelanga ezithengiswayo?
Indlela yokukhetha i-inverter yelanga efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho
Ngaba kukho imfuneko yee-inverters zelanga?
Ngaba kufuneka uthenge i-inverter yelanga?
isiphelo

Ziziphi ii-inverters zelanga?

Iiphaneli zelanga zenza amandla angoku (DC) ngqo, nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweenkqubo zombane zendlu namhlanje zifuna amandla atshintshayo (AC) amandla. Oku kuthetha ukuba ngaphandle kwento yokuguqula amandla ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kwi-AC, i-jeneretha yamandla elanga inikezelwa ngokungenamsebenzi kwiimfuno zethu zemihla ngemihla. Faka i-inverter yelanga, isiguquli sombane esiyimfuneko ngokupheleleyo kuyo nayiphi na inkqubo yamandla elanga esebenzayo. 

Zisebenza njani iziguquli zelanga?

Ukuqonda indlela i-inverter esebenza ngayo, kufuneka siqale siqonde iziseko zombane. 

Wenziwa njani umbane?

Umbane ufumaneka kwii-electron. Ezi electron zifunyanwa ngokungenamkhethe zijikeleza iiathom zobhedu ezingaphakathi kocingo lobhedu. Nangona kunjalo, ii-electron ezijikelezayo ngokungakhethiyo azinamsebenzi ekuveliseni umbane osebenzayo.

Ukwenza ii-electron ziye kwindawo apho sifuna ukubonelela ngombane, sisebenzisa uxinzelelo kwimilo yombane. Olu xinzelelo lwamandla ombane lunyanzela ii-electron ukuba zihambe ziye kwicala elinye de zifike ekhaya kwakhona, apho uxinzelelo luya kuzityhalela phambili kwakhona, zenze ukuhamba okuqhubekayo kwee-electron.

Yenziwa njani iDC?

Ii-electron ziya kuhlala zizama ukwenza indlela ebuyela ekhaya. Ngoko, ngokubeka into ethile endleleni yabo, njengesibane, baphoqeleka ukuba bahambe kuyo kwaye ngokwenza njalo, baya kubonelela ngombane kuyo. Ngale ndlela, ii-electron zonke zityhalelwa phambili kunye, zizisa umbane kwindawo efunwayo. Lo mkhombandlela-mnye, ungaphazanyiswa okwangoku yi-DC.

Yenziwa njani i-AC?

Ukudala umsinga otshintshanayo, kufuneka siqale sibuyisele umva okwangoku kwaye emva koko siwubuyisele ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Oku kuya kudala umsinga oqhubekayo ubuyela emva naphambili, ngokutshintshana. Ukudala umsinga otshintshayo osebenzisekayo, umzila otshintshanayo kufuneka wenziwe ngokunyuka okugudileyo ukudala ukuhamba okuzingileyo, ngaloo ndlela kudala i-wave yombane. Nje ukuba i-wave ibe yesiqhelo kwaye ine-increments egudileyo kwaye iyancipha kumbane, iyaziwa njenge-sine wave.

Isiguquli siwuguqula njani umbane ukusuka kwi-DC ukuya kwi-AC?

Ngaphakathi kwi-inverter, umlawuli uvula ngokuzenzekelayo kwaye uvale iitshintshi ukuqondisa i-voltage, kwaye ngoko ke uxinzelelo. Oku kuya kutyhala ii-electron kwelinye icala okanye kwelinye. Olu tshintsho luvulwa kwaye luvalwe amaxesha amaninzi kumjikelo ngamnye kunye nephethini yokubetha, kunye ne-pulse nganye eyahluka ngobubanzi kunye nesiphumo. Oku kudala umsinga otshintshanayo kwipateni yamaza, esinika i-sine wave yombane efunekayo ukunika amandla izinto zombane.

Ziziphi iintlobo zee-inverters zelanga ezithengiswayo?

Kukho iintlobo ezintlanu eziphambili ze-inverter, nganye kuzo ibonelela ngeemfuno ezahlukeneyo:

• Iziguquli zegridi ezingasebenziyo umsebenzi ngaphandle kwegridi, okwenza ukuba zihambelane kuphela neenkqubo zamandla elanga kwaye zilungele abo bafuna ukuvelisa nokusebenzisa umbane welanga ngokuzimeleyo. Ezi inverters aziqhagamshelwanga kwigridi, oku kuthetha ukuba azichatshazelwa kukucima kombane kwaye ke ziyimithombo yamandla egciniweyo enkulu.
• Iziguquli zeHybrid ukudibanisa umbane ovela kwinkqubo yamandla elanga kunye nombane obonelelwa yigridi. Oku kudala ukudityaniswa kwemithombo yamandla kwaye kuthetha ukuba kuya kuhlala kukho amandla awoneleyo ukunika amandla imithwalo efunekayo. Ii-inverters ze-Hybrid ziyakwazi ukuqhuba intlawulo kwiibhetri kwaye zibuyele kwigridi, zibenza zibe yinto ekhethekileyo yokugcina amandla kunye nokuthengisa amandla.
• Ii-inverters ezifakwe kwigridi kufuneka ibotshelelwe kwigridi ukuze isebenze. Azihambelani neebhetri, oku kuthetha ukuba akukho mandla aya kugcinwa, kwaye ziya kutshintshela ngokuzenzekelayo kumandla wegridi xa ilanga liyeka ukuvelisa amandla aneleyo. Ii-inverters ezibotshelelwe kwigridi zifanelekile kumakhaya angenawo umthamo wokugcina njengoko zibonelela ngombane oqhubekayo.
• Microinverters ziinverter ezincinci ezingena ngqo kwipaneli yelanga. I-Microinverters inenzuzo kuphahla olunee-engile ezininzi, ekubeni ukuba nee-inverters ezininzi kuthetha ukuba imveliso ephantsi evela kwiipaneli zelanga ezinomthunzi aziyi kuchaphazela ukuveliswa kwezo zixhobo zelanga eziselanga.
• Iziguquli zentambo zii-inverters ezisebenza kunye neepaneli ezininzi zelanga eziqhagamshelwe kumtya. Oku kuthetha ixabiso eliphantsi kune-microinverter, ekubeni i-inverter enye kuphela iyadingeka, kodwa inokuthetha ukulahlekelwa kwamandla ukuba enye okanye ngaphezulu kweepaneli zelanga kwintambo ayisebenzi ngokupheleleyo.

Indlela yokukhetha i-inverter yelanga efanelekileyo kwiimfuno zakho

Uhlobo lwe-solar inverter olufunekayo luyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kwimveliso yamandla efunekayo, indawo, kunye nohlahlo lwabiwo-mali. Qwalasela oku kulandelayo xa ukhetha i-inverter yelanga:

• Umthamo wombane ofunekayo uya kuba yinto ephambili yokumisela ubungakanani be-inverter. Amandla aphuma kwi-1-2 kW, ekwazi ukunika amandla iiTV, iifriji, iifowuni, okanye i-cabin encinci enezibane ezimbalwa ukuya kwi-8-16 kW, ekwazi ukunika amandla amakhaya amakhulu angaphandle kwegridi, amashishini amancinci, okanye iifama. Iphaneli yelanga ethengwa kakhulu iya kubonelela malunga ne-4-8 kW, njengoko ezi zikwazi ukunika amandla uninzi lwamakhaya angekho kwigridi. 
• Intlawulo yegalelo, okanye ubungakanani kunye nenani leepaneli zelanga ezisetyenziswayo, yenye into ebalulekileyo ekufuneka iqwalaselwe ekubeni igalelo elininzi le-DC linokongamela i-inverter. Njengomthetho, i-inverter ephezulu ye-voltage ye-solar ye-DC ayifanele idlule ubuninzi be-voltage ye-DC edweliswe kwii-specs ze-inverter. Ngenye indlela, unokukhetha ukuthenga i-inverter yelanga kunye nomlawuli wentlawulo yelanga eyakhelweyo.
• Nokuba ugcino lwamandla luyafuneka na okanye hayi luyakuchaphazela ubungakanani kunye nodidi lwesiguquli esifunekayo. Umzekelo, i-inverter eboshwe ngegridi ayihambelani neebhetri ngelixa i-hybrid inverter injalo. 

Ngaba kukho imfuneko yee-inverters zelanga?

Ngesoyikiso se-1.5°C esisondela ngakumbi, oorhulumente babeka ukubaluleka okuhlaziyiweyo kwizisombululo zamandla ahlaziyekayo. Oku kuthetha ukuba iifama ezininzi zesola nezomoya, kunye nokonyuswa kotyalo-mali kumbane ophehlwa ngamanzi, phakathi kwezinye. 

Amandla eSolar kuphela kwezi mithombo zamandla avuselelekayo avelisa i-DC, kwaye ngoko ke ishishini elinesidingo esikhulu se-inverters. Nangona kunjalo, ilanga likwayeyona ndlela idumileyo yamandla avuselelekayo phakathi kwemizi, kuba ithule, inokusetyenziswa phantse kuyo yonke indawo, kwaye kulula ukuyifaka. Oku kuthetha ukuba kukho imfuno enkulu yee-inverters phakathi kwabaninikhaya, amashishini asemaphandleni kunye needolophu, kunye neefama zelanga ngokufanayo. 

Ngaphezu koko, nangona umoya kunye nombane we-hydro uveliswa kwi-AC, uhlala uguqulwa ube yi-DC xa uthunyelwa imigama emide; njengoko i-DC ilahlekelwa ngumbane omncinci kune-AC xa ihamba. Oku kuthetha ukuba i-inverter iyafuneka ukuyiguqula ibuyele kwi-AC xa ifika kwindawo yayo. 

Imfuno yee-inverters inkulu kwaye isakhula, kunye neenkokeli ziqinisekisa ukuzibophelela kwazo kwinguqu kumandla acocekileyo ngoDisemba ka-2024. Ingqungquthela yeCOP28. 

Ngaba kufuneka uthenge i-inverter yelanga?

Ukuba ujonge ukuseta isixokelelwano selanga kwikhaya lakho, ishishini, okanye ifama, kufuneka ube ne-inverter yelanga ukuze inkqubo ikwazi ukunika amandla iimfuno zakho. Nangona kunjalo, uhlobo loguqulo lwelanga olufunayo luya kuxhomekeka kwigalelo lamandla kunye nemveliso yenkqubo yakho, iimfuno zakho zokugcina ibhetri, kunye nokuba uyafuna na ukuqhagamshelwa kwigridi. 

isiphelo

Ukutshintsha kwehlabathi kuqoqosho oluluhlaza kuthetha ukuba oorhulumente basekhaya banyusa inkuthazo kubanini bezindlu ukuba batyale imali kwiinkqubo zelanga zasekhaya, zonke ezifuna ii-inverters zelanga zasekhaya. Ukongeza, kwinqanaba likazwelonke, utshintsho oluluhlaza luthetha ukuthembela ngakumbi kumandla avuselelekayo kumandla ehlabathi. Oku kubangele ukunyuka okubukhali kwiifama zelanga, zonke ezifuna ii-inverters zelanga. Ukongeza, ezinye iinkqubo zamandla ahlaziyekayo zifuna ii-inverters ukuba ziguqule i-DC esetyenziselwa ukuhambisa amandla kwilizwe lonke ukubuyela kumbane we-AC osebenzayo.

Oku konke kuthetha ukuba imfuno yee-inverters zeepaneli zelanga kunye neminye imithombo yamandla ahlaziyekayo ikhula ngesantya esicacileyo. Iimfuno zamandla ombane nazo ziyanda ngokuqhubekayo, kunye noomatshini ababekade bexhomekeke kumafutha enziwe ngefosili beba ngombane kwaye abantu abaninzi banengeniso enokulahlwa yokutyala imali kwizinto zombane. Ukufunda ngakumbi malunga neendlela eziphambili kushishino lwamandla ehlabathi, kunye nokukhangela uluhlu lweepaneli zelanga ezisemgangathweni kunye neziguquli, yiya ku Chovm.com.