Yehlabathi Ishishini lezixhobo zokwakha liyakhula ngenxa yokwanda kwemisebenzi yokwakha, kuquka uphuhliso lweziseko ezingundoqo kunye nokufudukela ezidolophini. Abalayishi kunye nabembi zimbini zezona zixhobo zibalulekileyo zokuhamba komhlaba kweli shishini, njengoko zinceda ukuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nemveliso.
Esi sikhokelo siya kunika uluhlu lwabalayishi kunye nabembi be-excavators begxininise kwizicelo zabo ezahlukeneyo, kwaye emva koko baqaqambise iiyantlukwano zabo eziphambili. Oku kuya kunceda abathengi abanokuthi baqinisekise ukuba bafumana umatshini ofanelekileyo kwiimfuno zabo.
Isiqulatho
Ubungakanani bemarike yabalayishi kunye nokubanakho
Ubungakanani bemarike yabembi kunye nokubanakho
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabalayishi kunye nabembi kwimarike
Umahluko osebenzayo phakathi kwee-loaders kunye nabenzi be-excavators
isiphelo
Ubungakanani bemarike yabalayishi kunye nokubanakho
Uhlumo olurekhodwe kushishino lolwakhiwo kunye nemigodi lunyuse imfuno yabakhweli. Oku kungqinwa kwixabiso lemarike yabalayishi kwihlabathi liphela, kuqikelelwa kwi I-31.70 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2021 kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kufikelela kwi-43.21 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2029, ikhula ngesantya sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiweyo (CAGR) se-3.95%.
Izinto ezahlukeneyo eziqhuba ukukhula ngokukhawuleza kwemarike kunye nemfuno yehlabathi yabalayishi ibandakanya:
- Ukwandiswa kwemisebenzi yezemigodi neyokwakha yehlabathi
- Ukuzenzekela, okukhokelela ekuphuculweni kobuchule kunye nemveliso, kunye nokunciphisa iingozi kwiindawo zemisebenzi
- Ukufikelela okwandisiweyo kwizilayishi ukuze ziqeshwe, kuququzelelwe ukukhula kwee-SME kushishino lolwakhiwo kunye nemigodi.
Ubungakanani bemarike yabembi kunye nokubanakho
Yehlabathi umfuyi Imakethi ifumana ukukhula okubonakalayo, ikakhulu ngenxa yokwanda kwemisebenzi yokwakha. Yayixatyiswa I-70.65 yeebhiliyoni zeedola zaseMelika ngo-2022 kwaye kulindeleke ukuba ikhule kwi-CAGR ye-5.2% phakathi kuka-2023 no-2030.
Izinto ezohlukeneyo eziqhuba oku kukhula kwemarike yabembi behlabathi kubandakanya:
- Ukwanda kotyalo-mali kwicandelo lokwakha, ngakumbi kumazwe asakhasayo afana ne-Indiya, i-China, noMzantsi Korea
- Ukwandiswa kotyalo-mali kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu ezifana ne-oyile negesi, imigodi, nolwakhiwo lweendlela namazibuko
- Ukwamkelwa kwee-excavators ezizenzekelayo, ezinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza kunye nokwandisa imveliso.
Iindidi ezahlukeneyo zabalayishi kunye nabembi kwimarike
Abalayishi kunye nabembi bezinto zakudala ngoomatshini abanzima abayimfuneko abasetyenziselwa ukuphatha izinto ngokufanelekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yokushukuma komhlaba kumashishini amaninzi. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezi ziqwenga zezixhobo kwimarike.
Abaxhasi
Abalayishi luhlobo loomatshini abanzima abasetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso efana neyokwakha, imigodi kunye nezolimo. Zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukulayisha, ukuthutha, kunye nokothula izinto ezifana nomhlaba, igrabile, isanti, kunye nezinye izinto ezikhululekile.
Abalayishi babonakaliswa ngeempawu ezininzi eziphambili, ezinje:
- Ibhakethi ngaphambili
- Boom kunye neengalo
- Ikhebhu yomqhubi
- Izincamathelisi ezifana neefolokhwe, iigrapples, kunye nekhephu
1) Umlayishi we-Backhoe
Iimbonakalo
- Ibhakethi yokulayisha enomthamo ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwi-1.3 cubic yards
- I-Backhoe attachment equka i-boom, intonga, kunye ne-emele enokwemba ukuya kwii-21 ezinyaweni
- Ukuqhuba ngamavili amane ukwenzela ukutsaleka okuphuculweyo kunye nokuhamba kakuhle
- Ikhabhini yomqhubi
eziluncedo
- Amanqanaba amaninzi
- Ubungakanani obuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nabanye oomatshini abanzima
- Udibanisa umlayishi kunye umva amandla okwandisa imveliso kwindawo yomsebenzi
neengozi
- Ukufikelela okufutshane kunye nokugrumba ubunzulu xa kuthelekiswa nabembi abazinikeleyo
- Ifuna izakhono eziphakamileyo kunye namava kuba imisebenzi ibandakanya ulawulo lwangaxeshanye lwezincamatheliso ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi
2) Skid steer
Iimbonakalo
- Iza nezincamatheliso ezininzi, ezinje ngeefolokhwe, iiemele, ii-augers, trencher, grapple, iibrashi zokusika, iiblades zekhephu, kunye nesweeper.
- Amavili ajikelezayo okanye iingoma ezisebenza kwirediyasi enguziro
- Phakamisa iingalo
- Ikhebhu yomqhubi
eziluncedo
- Ukusebenza okuphezulu okuphezulu
- Kulula ukuthutha ukuya nokubuya kwiindawo zemisebenzi ngenxa yobukhulu bazo kunye nobukhaphukhaphu
- Inokufikelela kwiindawo ezingafikelelekiyo ezinoomatshini abakhulu, njengeziza zokwakha ezimxinwa, iindawo zangaphakathi, kunye neeyadi zokuhlala.
neengozi
- Amandla okuphakamisa asezantsi
- Ukuzinza kancinci kwiindawo ezingalinganiyo okanye ezithambekileyo
3) Umlayishi wamavili
Iimbonakalo
- Izilayishi zamavili zineemele ezinkulu, ezixhonywe ngaphambili ezinomthamo ukusuka kwi-6 ukuya kwi-12 yeemitha
- Ifakelwe izincamathelisi ezininzi, kubandakanya iifolokhwe, iigrapples, iiplanga zekhephu, kunye nemitshayelo
- Ukuphakama okuphezulu kwamandla njengoko zenzelwe ukuphatha imithwalo enzima
- Ikhabhini yomqhubi
- Inkqubo yokulawula ecacileyo, exhasa i-pivoting ezimeleyo ye-axles yangaphambili nasemva
eziluncedo
- Imveliso ephezulu kunye nokusebenza kakuhle ekuphatheni izinto eziphathekayo
- Okudityanisiweyo okwahlukeneyo kuququzelela ukusetyenziswa kwazo kumashishini ahlukeneyo kwimisebenzi efana nokulayisha, ukugrumba, ukuphakamisa, ukuhlelwa, kunye nokususwa kwekhephu.
- Amatayara awo amakhulu, abanzi anika ukutsala okuphezulu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo
neengozi
- Iindleko eziphezulu zokuthenga kunye nokugcinwa kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamafutha
- Izilayishi zamavili zinokulawuleka okulinganiselweyo xa kuthelekiswa nezilayidi ezityibilikayo okanye izilayishi ezihlangeneyo.
Abaphengululi
Abaphengululi ngoomatshini abanzima abasetyenziselwa ukugrumba, ukugrumba, kunye nemisebenzi yokuhambisa umhlaba. Ngokuqhelekileyo zisetyenziswa kumashishini afana nokwakha, imigodi, ukulungiswa komhlaba, kunye nokudilizwa
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-excavators zezi:
- Boom
- Intonga/ingalo
- Bucket
- Iqonga elijikelezayo
- Amavili/iingoma
- Ikhebhu yomqhubi
1) I-Crawler excavators
Iimbonakalo
- Abagrumbi beCrawler baxhotyiswe ngoomzila endaweni yamavili, nto leyo eyandisa uzinzo, ukushukuma, nokutsala
- Inkqubo yehydraulic enika amandla iintshukumo zebhoom, ingalo kunye nebhakethi
- Ukufikelela okuguquguqukayo kunye nobunzulu bokwemba ngenxa ye-boom ekhethekileyo kunye nolungelelwaniso lwengalo, njenge-mono boom okanye i-boom echaziweyo
- Indlu yabaqhubi
eziluncedo
- Uzinzo oluphezulu, olubenza bakwazi ukusebenza kwindawo emathambekeni nakwiindawo ezirhabaxa
- Amandla okumba anamandla, abenza ukhetho olungcono kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu
- Umgangatho wokuphakamisa ophezulu xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abembi
neengozi
- Iindleko zokuthenga eziphakamileyo xa kuthelekiswa nabanye abembi abancinci nabancinci
- Intshukumo elinganiselweyo kunye nesantya esisezantsi, ngakumbi kwiindawo eziqinileyo, ezigangathiweyo
2) I-excavators yokutsala
Iimbonakalo
I-excavators ye-dragline yenzelwe ukuphatha imithwalo enzima efuna ukugrumba okunzulu kunye nokuhamba okubanzi kwezinto. Ke, baxhotyiswe ngeempawu ezinje:
- Inkqubo ye-counterweight ukubonelela ukuzinza kunye nokulinganisela ngexesha lokusebenza
- Iintambo zokuphakamisa zisetyenziselwa ukufaka i-scoop okanye ifosholo kwisixhobo, ukubonelela uluhlu lwezenzo kunye nomthwalo.
- Umzimba womatshini ofakwe iinjini kunye nekhabhathi yomsebenzisi
- Ucingo lokutsala oludibanisa ifotsholo kumzimba womatshini kwaye lusetyenziselwa ukulungisa okanye ukulawula iintshukumo zefotsholo.
eziluncedo
- Imigca yokutsala emikhulu, enamandla iyagqwesa kwimisebenzi yokwemba enzulu ukuya kuthi ga kwi-80 yeemitha
- Iifosholo ze-dragline zinokuba nomthamo ukuya kwi-120 m3, ukwandisa ukufikelela kwazo, ukugrumba, kunye nokunyusa amandla.
- Ubuchule bokuhamba kwezinto eziphathekayo ngokusebenzisa indlela yokusebenza ye-dragline
neengozi
- Ubungakanani babo kunye nokufikelela kunciphisa ukuhamba kunye nokusebenziseka kwiindawo ezivaliweyo okanye ezimxinwa zemisebenzi
- Iindleko eziphezulu zokufumana kunye nokugcinwa ngenxa yamacandelo awodwa
- Uyilo lwabambi be-dragline kunye nendlela yokusebenza ithoba isantya sabo, ibenza bangasebenzi kwiiprojekthi ezithatha ixesha
3) I-excavators enamavili
Iimbonakalo
- Ixhotyiswe ngamavili endaweni yeengoma
- I-chassis ecacileyo, ekhokelela kuhambo olusebenzayo kwiindawo ezixineneyo kunye neekona
- Ukuguquguquka ekufikeleleni kunye nokumba ubunzulu ngenxa ye-boom eyodwa kunye nokucwangciswa kwengalo
eziluncedo
- Amavili anyusa ukuhamba kunye nokuhamba
- Abembi abanamavili bakhawuleza kunabembi abalandelwayo
- Ukuhamba okuphezulu
neengozi
- Ingazinzanga kuneegrunjwa ezilandelwayo
- Iindleko zokusebenza eziphezulu njengoko zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo
Umahluko osebenzayo phakathi kwee-loaders kunye nabenzi be-excavators
Ngelixa abalayishi kunye neengcibi zisetyenziswa kumashishini afanayo anzima, afana nokumbiwa kwemigodi nokwakha, anomahluko ohlukeneyo wokusebenza. Ezi ziquka:
ubungakanani
Ii-excavators zinzima kwaye zikhulu kunezilayishi kwaye zinamandla amakhulu okumba kunye nokuphakamisa ngenxa yobukhulu bazo. Ngenxa yoko, zilungele ngakumbi iiprojekthi ezinkulu ngenxa yamandla omatshini aphezulu.
Abalayishi, ngaphandle kobukhulu babo buncinci, banamandla amabhakethi amakhulu kunabembi besayizi efanayo, ebenza basebenze ngakumbi ekuphatheni izinto ezininzi. Ukongeza, kulula ukuthutha phakathi kweendawo zemisebenzi.
Ukwemba kunye nokwemba
I-excavators iyilwe nge-boom, ingalo, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwebhakethi, ukuququzelela ukugrumba okuchanekileyo kunye nemisebenzi yokwemba. Ngaphezu koko, banokufikelela kwaye bembe ngaphantsi komgangatho womhlaba, ngaloo ndlela besebenza kakuhle kwimisebenzi efana nokugrumba imisele enzulu, iziseko, kunye nemingxuma ngokuchanekileyo.
Nangona abalayishi bengalungiselelwanga ukwemba imingxuma enzulu, banokwenza imisebenzi yokwemba ukukhanya okanye bakhuphe imathiriyeli. Izilayishi zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiinkqubo ezibandakanya ukuphatha izixhobo, ukulayishwa, kunye nokuthutha.
Ukuphakamisa nokulayisha
Abalayishi baxhotyiswe ngamabhakethi angaphambili, ezenza ukuba zisebenze ngakumbi kwi-scooping kunye nokuphakamisa izinto. Ke ngoko, owona msebenzi wabo uphambili kukulayisha, ukuqokelela, kunye nokuthutha izixhobo ngaphakathi kwendawo yokusebenza.
Ngelixa abembi be-excavators bekwazi ukuphakamisa kunye nokuhambisa izinto, abasebenzi kakuhle njengabalayishi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ziyilelwe ubukhulu becala ukugrumba kunye nokugrunjwa, ngoko ke, ziphantsi ngokubanzi kunezilayishi.
Ukufikelela kunye noluhlu lokusebenza
I-excavators inokufikelela okukhulu kunye noluhlu lokusebenza xa kuthelekiswa nezilayishi. I-boom, ingalo, kunye nendibaniselwano ye-emele kwi-excavators ibenza bakwazi ukwandisa kwaye bafikelele phezu kwemiqobo. Ngaloo ndlela, ziyindlela engcono xa usebenza kwiindawo eziphakamileyo okanye imisele enzulu.
Abalayishi banokufikelela okuphantsi kunye noluhlu olusebenzayo kunabo bagrumbayo kuba benzelwe ngokuyintloko ukuphatha izinto phambi kwesixhobo.
Umkhondo vs. amatayara
Amatayara avuliwe izilayishi zamavili zityekele ekugugeni kwaye zenze isixa esibalulekileyo seendleko zokusebenza. Kwelinye icala, iingoma ze-excavator zihlala ixesha elide.
Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba ukulungisa isiporo kubiza kakhulu kwaye kunzima kunamatayara.
isiphelo
Ngaphandle kweminye imisebenzi edlulanayo, abalayishi kunye nabembi banezinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo ezichaphazela ukusebenza kwabo. Izinto ezinjengomsebenzi wendawo yokusebenzela, ubude bokulahla inkunkuma, umthamo webhakethi, iindleko zokugcina, kunye nendawo yokusebenza inokuphembelela ukhetho lwezixhobo zabathengi.
Amashishini kufuneka aziqhelanise kwaye asebenzise amathuba amatsha oshishino kwimarike yoomatshini. Ndwendwela Chovm.com namhlanje kuluhlu olubanzi lweenketho!
