Kwixesha elidlulileyo abathengi abaninzi bebenokuthi bajonge iilebhile ezithi 'Made in China'. Kodwa ukuphuculwa kwetekhnoloji kunye nokuveliswa kuyitshintshile loo nto. Kwezi ntsuku i 'Made in China' ayisadityaniswa neemveliso ezikumgangatho ophantsi, kwaye ababoneleli baseTshayina bafumana udumo lokuvelisa iimpahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Isiqulatho
Ukuzithemba okutsha kwileyibhile ethi 'Made in China'
Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zokufumana indawo evela eChina
'Yenziwe eTshayina' ngo-2022: Ngaba kufuneka uphume eTshayina?
Ukuzithemba okutsha kwileyibhile ethi 'Made in China'
Iimveliso 'zenziwe eTshayina' zithande ukunxulunyaniswa nexabiso eliphantsi, umsebenzi wezandla okumgangatho ophantsi kunye neemveliso ezingaphucukanga. Noko ke, izinto zitshintshile ngoku. Uphawu lokuzithemba kumgangatho weempahla eziveliswayo kukuba abatyali-mali ngoku bamkele ngakumbi kwiimpawu zasekhaya zaseTshayina. Kwaye eneneni, uninzi lweempawu ezinkulu zaseTshayina nazo ukwandisa imisebenzi yabo ekuhlaleni nakwihlabathi jikelele.
I-AmCham Shanghai's 2021 China Business Report iphawula ukuba phantse 60 ekhulwini Iinkampani eziphononongiweyo zinike ingxelo yokwanda kotyalo-mali ngo-2021 xa kuthelekiswa no-2020. Amanani okuthunyelwa ngaphandle kwe-China nawo ahlala esempilweni, ngokukhula okuzinzileyo kuyo yonke iminyaka ebethayo. $ 2,723.25 yezigidigidi kwi2020.
Ezi ndlela zibonisa intembeko kwisakhono sokuvelisa saseTshayina kwaye abantu abasakuchasanga amagama athi 'Made in China'.
Iinzuzo kunye neengozi zokufumana indawo evela eChina
Ngokunyuka kotyalo-mali kunye nokuzithemba, amashishini amaninzi aya kubona imveliso yaseTshayina idlala indima enkulu kumakhonkco emveliso. Kufanelekile ke ngoko ukuba kuqwalaselwe iingenelo kunye nokungalunganga kokwenziwa kwempahla eTshayina.
eziluncedo
Abasebenzi abanezakhono abaneleyo kunye neenjineli
Abasebenzi abanezakhono eTshayina bakhula ngokukhawuleza. Ichibi laseTshayina labasebenzi abanezakhono yenye yezinto eziphambili ezikhokelela kwimpumelelo yezoqoqosho kule minyaka ingamashumi amathathu idlulileyo kunye nento eya kuqhubeka inika i-China umda kwixesha elizayo.
Ukusuka kwi-2016 ukuya kwi-2020, i-China yabona ukwanda okungaphezulu 10 million abasebenzi abanezakhono eziphezulu. Ngokutsho kweSebe laseTshayina lezaBasebenzi kunye noKhuseleko lweNtlalo, zikho ngaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-200 zabasebenzi abanezakhono kwilizwe laseTshayina, apho abangaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-50 banobuchule obubalaseleyo.
Ngaphezu koko, irekhodi-phezulu ngeenxa zonke izigidi ezisibhozo abafundi abathweswe izidanga kwiikholeji zikarhulumente kunye neeyunivesithi eTshayina, phantse kabini oko kwabonwa e-US ngo-2020. kwiminyaka emihlanu ezayo, I-China iya kugxila ekuhlakuleleni izinto ezintsha, ezisebenzayo, kunye nabasebenzi abanezakhono kunye nokwandisa iinjineli zayo kunye neqela labasebenzi abanezakhono.
Inkcitho enkulu kwi-R&D
Inkcitho ephezulu kuphando kunye nophuhliso (R&D) ibonisa ukuzibophelela ekukhuthazeni izinto ezintsha kunye nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso kunye nomgangatho wemveliso. Inkcitho yeR&D yaseTshayina ibe phezulu 2.44 ekhulwini yesambuku semveliso yangaphakathi (GDP) ngo-2021, inyuke ngepesenti eyi-0.03 amanqaku ukusuka kunyaka ophelileyo.
Ngokubhekiselele kwinkcitho epheleleyo, iChina ikwindawo yesibini kwihlabathi ngenkcitho enkulu kwi-R&D $ 468 billion xa kuthelekiswa notyalo-mali lwaseMelika lwe $ 582 yezigidigidi kwi2018. Kwaye abahlalutyi balindele ukuba iChina iqhubeke nokuvala umsantsa. Ngenxa ye iingxelo zamuva Inkcitho yeR&D yaseTshayina iye ukunyuka ngokuthe ngcembe kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo kwaye kubonakala ngathi ifikelela e-US.
Ukusebenza kwemveliso ephezulu
I-China, eyona mveliso inkulu ehlabathini, inoxanduva lokuvelisa izinto ezingaphezulu kwekota yehlabathi.
Njengendlu yokuvelisa amandla, i-China iya kufuna ukukhuphisana kwihlabathi jikelele nabanye abavelisi abahamba phambili. Oku kuya kukhokelela kwiifemu ezininzi ezizama konke okusemandleni ukugcina abathengi ngokuqinisekisa ukuba bavelisa iimpahla ezikumgangatho ophezulu.
Imixokomelwano yoshishino esebenzayo
Ngaphandle kwesakhono sayo sokwenza izinto ezininzi, iChina inenkqubo ebanzi yoshishino lwendalo. Ikhonkco lokubonelela ngemveliso ibonakala ngathi ayinakunqongophala kweengcali kunye nababoneleli ngoko ke iinkampani ezifumana uncedo ezivela eTshayina ziya kufumana izakhono zobugcisa kunye neenkonzo ezizidingayo kwindawo enye.
Into ekufuneka uyiqaphele kukuba izixeko ezahlukeneyo eTshayina zijolise kumashishini ahlukeneyo. I-Shenzhen, umzekelo, lolona khetho lubalaseleyo kumashishini ajonge ukwenza izinto zombane kuba iipesenti ezingama-90 zezixhobo zombane zehlabathi zenziwa apho. Kumashishini akwishishini lempahla, izixeko ezikuMazantsi eTshayina, njengeGuangzhou, inokuba lolona khetho lungcono endaweni yoko. Ifashoni yefashoni ekhawulezayo uShein ngumzekelo obalaseleyo weshishini elikhetha ukuseka ikomkhulu lokubonelela ngempahla eGuangzhou.
Ezinye zezona zinto ziluncedo kuluhlu lwemizi-mveliso kukufumaneka kwezixhobo kunye nokomelela kothungelwano lwemveliso ngaphakathi kwendawo enye. Ukongeza, amashishini anokuba nezinye iindlela ezininzi zokubuyela umva ukuba kukho iingxaki kwinkqubo yemveliso.
Ukwandiswa kweemarike ezinokwenzeka
Ukuvelisa eTshayina kukwalungile kumashishini ajonge ukwandisa eAsia. I-China imi kakuhle kwindawo esembindini, ngoko ke amashishini anokonga kwiindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa ukuba apakishe kwaye athumele iimveliso zawo ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka eTshayina.
Iindleko zabasebenzi eziphantsi
Iindleko eziphantsi zabasebenzi zikwaluncedo kwiinkampani ezikhetha ukwenza iimpahla eTshayina. Iindleko zomsebenzi e-China ziphantsi xa kuthelekiswa neendawo ezifana neYurophu okanye i-US. Ngo-2020, umndilili weendleko zokusebenza ngeyure kwiManyano yaseYurophu yayiyi-EUR 28.5, ngelixa iindleko zomsebenzi wokuvelisa ngeyure eTshayina zazimi USD 6.5. Oku kunokutolika kukongiwa kweendleko ezinkulu ukuba ukwenziwa kwemveliso kwenziwa ngezinga elikhulu.
neengozi
Iindleko zokuthumela
Amashishini anokubona ukonga iindleko ukuba athengisa eAsia. Kodwa kumashishini athengisa kwelinye icala lehlabathi, iindleko eziphezulu zinokuthi zenziwe xa kuthunyelwa iimveliso kwihlabathi jikelele.
Ukuthumela ngenqanawa kunokuba ngumba omncinci kwiimveliso zexabiso eliphezulu ezifana nombane okanye izinto zodidi. Ngokuchaseneyo, iindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa zinokuba phezulu kwiimveliso zabathengi ezingabizi kakhulu njengeesutikheyisi. Ngaphandle kweendleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa kumazwe ngamazwe, amashishini anokujongana namaxesha amade okuthumela ngenqanawa, ngakumbi xa iimpahla zithuthwa ngolwandle.
'Yenziwe eTshayina' ngo-2022: Ngaba kufuneka uphume eTshayina?
Njengoko eli nqaku liye labalaselisa, kukho iingenelo ezininzi kwimveliso eTshayina. Into ephambili kukukhangela abavelisi abathembekileyo kunye nababoneleli onokuthi ubathembe ukuba bathumele iimpahla zakho ngexesha elithenjisiweyo. Ngokwezithintelo, amaxesha okuthumela kunye neentlawulo zisenokungenzeki kuwo onke amashishini. Nangona kunjalo, ileyibhile ethi 'Made in China' iye yabalasela ngakumbi phakathi kwabavelisi abakumgangatho ophezulu, ngelixa imizi-mveliso yasekhaya ibonelela ngamathuba amahle kwabo banomdla ekufumaneni iimveliso kunye nemveliso.
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