Izazinzulu ziphuhlise iNdlela eNtsha yeSixhobo sokuBumba isiKhanya se-3D esiLungele kakhulu kwaye sichaneke kakhulu.

Ubuchwephesha banamhlanje obufana ne-optical computing, i-photonics ehlanganisiweyo, kunye ne-digital holography zonke zifuna ukuguqulwa okubhetyebhetye kwemiqondiso yokukhanya kwisithuba esimacala amathathu. Kule nkqubo, ukubumba kunye nokukhokela ukuhamba kokukhanya ngokwesicelo esifunwayo kubalulekile.

Ngenxa yokuba ukuhamba kokukhanya ngaphakathi kwendawo ephakathi kulawulwa yi-index ye-refractive index, ukulungiswa okuthe ngqo kwe-index refractive kuyafuneka ukulawula iindlela ze-optical ngaphakathi kwe-medium. Ukufezekisa oku, izazinzulu ziye zavelisa oko kubizwa ngokuba "yi-aperiodic photonic volume elements" (APVEs), eziyi-microscale voxels kunye ne-refractive indices ezibekwe kwiindawo ezichazwe kwangaphambili ukukhokela ukuhamba kokukhanya ngendlela elawulwayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukukrola ezi zinto kufuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu, kwaye uninzi lwezixhobo zokubumba ukukhanya zilinganiselwe kuqwalaselo lwe-2D okanye ekugqibeleni lukhokelela ekuncitshisweni kweeprofayili ze-beam.

Kungekudala, uphando olupapashwe kwijenali ye-photonics "APNexus" ibonise indlela elula yokuvelisa ii-APVE ezichanekileyo, kwaye ibonise ukusetyenziswa kwazo kuluhlu lwezicelo. Uphando lwalukhokelwa nguAlexander Jesacher ovela kwiYunivesithi yezoNyango yase-Innsbruck e-Austria, kwaye iyoyisa imida ekubunjweni kokukhanya okukhankanywe ngaphambili.

Indlela isebenzisa ubuchule obubizwa ngokuba “yi-laser writing ethe ngqo” (DLW), obubuchwephesha belaser obukwisantya esiphezulu obulungelelanisa iivoxels ezinezalathisi ezithile zokuphinda ziphinde ziphinde ziphindeke kwimilinganiselo emithathu ngaphakathi kweglasi yeborosilicate ukukhokela ukukhanya ngokuchanekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo.

Ngokweengxelo, abaphandi baqulunqa i-algorithm ekhuthaza ukukhanya okudlula phakathi kwendawo ukuze kunqume indawo efanelekileyo yee-voxels ukufezekisa ukuchaneka okufunekayo. Ngokusekelwe koku, baye bakwazi ukuvelisa i-154,000 kwi-308,000 voxels kwimizuzu engama-20, kunye ne-voxel nganye enomthamo omalunga ne-1.75 μm × 7.5 μm × 10 μm. Ukongeza, basebenzise ulawulo oluguquguqukayo lwangaphambili ukuze babuyekeze nayiphi na i-spherical aberration (ukuphazamiseka kweprofayili ye-beam) ye-laser egxile kwi-substrate ngexesha lenkqubo. Oku kuqinisekise ukuhambelana kweprofayile yevokseli nganye kubo bonke ubunzulu obuphakathi.

Iqela liphuhlise iintlobo ezintathu ze-APVEs ukubonisa ukusetyenziswa kwendlela: i-shape yokuqina yokulawula ukusabalalisa ubuninzi be-input beam, i-multiplexer ye-RGB yokulawula ukuhanjiswa kwe-spectra ebomvu, eluhlaza, kunye ne-blue blue kwi-input beam, kunye ne-Hermite-Gaussian (HG) i-sorter ye-mode yokuphucula isantya sokuhanjiswa kwedatha.

Iqela lisebenzise i-intensity shaper ukuguqula i-beam ye-Gaussian ibe yi-microscale smiling-shaped arc-shaped arc-shaped light, emva koko yasebenzisa i-multiplexer ukumela iindawo ezahlukeneyo zosasazo olumomothekayo lwe-arc ngemibala eyahlukeneyo, kwaye ekugqibeleni lasebenzisa isihlungi semowudi ye-HG ukuguqula iindlela ezininzi ze-Gaussian ezithunyelwa ngeefiber ze-optical kwiindlela ze-HG. Kuzo zonke iimeko, isixhobo sasikwazi ukuhambisa isignali yegalelo ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kwaye sifezekise irekhodi-ukuphulwa kwe-diffraction esebenzayo ukuya kwi-80%, ukubeka i-benchmark entsha ye-APVEs.

Le ndlela intsha ivula ucango lweqonga elifanelekileyo lexabiso eliphantsi leprototyping ekhawulezayo yezixhobo ezidityanisiweyo zokubumba ukukhanya kwe-3D. Ukongeza kokulula kwayo, indleko ephantsi, kunye nokuchaneka okuphezulu, le ndlela inokwandiswa kwezinye ii-substrates, kubandakanywa izinto ezingabonakaliyo. Ukuguquguquka kwayo kwenza kube lula ukuyila uluhlu olubanzi lwezixhobo ze-3D zokusetyenziswa kwiinkalo ezifana nokuhanjiswa kolwazi, i-computing optical, i-multimode fibre imaging, i-photonics engabonakaliyo, kunye ne-quantum optics.

Umthombo ovela ofweek.com