Njengoko imarike yokukhanya kwe-LED yehlabathi isiya kukukhula okungazange kubonwe ngaphambili, okuqhutywa bubuchule bobugcisa kunye neendlela ezizinzileyo zamandla, ishishini limi phambili kwinguqu yokukhanyisa.
Eli nqaku lijonge kwiingenelo ezibalulekileyo, izicelo, kunye nokubaluleka kweemarike zeteknoloji ye-LED, enikezela uhlalutyo olubanzi olulungiselelwe iingcali ze-B2B ezijonge ukufumana inzuzo kwinguqu enokwenzeka yeli candelo elikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Isiqulatho
Ubungakanani bemarike kunye namanqaku okukhula
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-LED
Uphuhliso lwamva nje
isiphelo
Ubungakanani bemarike kunye namanqaku okukhula
Imakethi yokukhanya kwe-LED yehlabathi ifikelelwe I-814.8 yeebhiliyoni zeedola ngo-2023 kwaye kuqikelelwa ukuba iza kukhula ngesantya esihlanganisiweyo sonyaka sokukhula (CAGR) se-11.0% ukusuka ngo-2023 ukuya ku-2030.
Ngokwengxelo yamva nje yoshishino lwe-LED ngu TrendForce, imakethi ye-LED yehlabathi kulindeleke ukuba iqalise ukukhula kwakhona ngo-2024, ngemveliso elindelekileyo ye-USD 130 yeebhiliyoni kunye nesantya sokukhula sonyaka nge-3%.
Kuqikelelwa ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla ombane kwishishini lokukhanyisa ngama-30% ngo-2030, itekhnoloji ye-LED ime njengelitye lembombo lezenzo zamandla ezizinzileyo, ezinokubanakho ukuguqula ngokubonakalayo ubume bexesha elizayo bokukhanya e-US nakwihlabathi liphela.
Njengoko sijonge ku-2035, ii-LEDs kulindeleke ukuba zilawule imarike yokukhanyisa, kunye nokonga amandla okuqikelelweyo okulingana nemveliso yamandla ombane angama-92,000-megawatt ngonyaka, ebonisa indima yabo ebalulekileyo ekugcineni amandla kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Oku kukhula kuqhutywa kukubuyiselwa kancinci kancinci kwemfuno yentengiso kwiindawo ezinje ngezibane zeemoto kunye nemiboniso, ukukhanya okuqhelekileyo, iziboniso ze-LED, i-UV / infrared LED, kunye nokuqhubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-Micro LED esetyenziswa kwizixhobo zokubonisa ezinkulu kunye neewotshi.
Ngaphaya koko, abathathi-nxaxheba bezentengiso banikezela ngoluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso ze-LED ezinje ngemigca ye-LED, iibhalbhu ze-LED, kunye nezibane ze-LED zokujolisa kubaphulaphuli abanokubakho, ngaloo ndlela bexhasa ukukhula koshishino lokukhanyisa i-LED.
Kwicandelo leemoto, kukho ukonyuka okubonakalayo kwemfuno yemiboniso ye-LED, ngakumbi eqhutywa kukuhambela phambili kobuchwephesha obuphezulu obufana nezibane eziguqukayo, izibane ze-Mini ze-LED, izibane zohlobo lwasemva, ukukhanya okujikeleze, kunye ne-Mini LED backlight displays. Kuqikelelwa ukuba ixabiso lemarike ye-LED yemoto liya kufikelela kwi-USD 3.4 yezigidigidi kulo nyaka.
Ukongeza, itekhnoloji ye-Micro LED iya kusetyenziswa ngokuthe ngcembe kwiindawo ezinje ngezibane zokufunda zangaphakathi, iibhulukhwe ezijikelezayo, kunye neziboniso ezicacileyo, kunye nokwandiswa okuqhubekayo okulindelwe kwimiboniso yentloko kunye nefestile yemoto ngo-2026-2027.
Kwimarike ye-UV ye-LED, abavelisi bayaqhubeka nokwazisa i-high-power sterilization kunye nemveliso yokucoca, ekulindeleke ukuba ingene ngokuthe ngcembe kwisixhobo sasekhaya kunye neemarike eziguquguqukayo zokucoca amanzi ukusuka kwisiqingatha sesibini salo nyaka ukuya ku-2026.
Intsimi yokukhanyisa kwezolimo ibona inkqubela ekhawulezileyo kunye neendleko ezihlayo zeemveliso zokukhanyisa izityalo, okukhokelela ekwenyukeni kwemfuno kumazwe akuMbindi nakwiMpuma Yurophu njengeRiphabhliki yaseCzech kunye nePoland.
Kwangaxeshanye, utyalo-mali kubuchwepheshe bokukhanya kwezityalo luyanda e-Asia nakwimimandla yobude obuphezulu yoMntla Yurophu, ejolise ekudambiseni iimpembelelo zexesha elide zasebusika kubonelelo lokutya. Ngo-2024, oku kulindeleke ukuba kuqhube ukukhula okubonakalayo kwimakethi ye-LED yokukhanyisa izityalo.
Iimpawu eziphambili ze-LED
Ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo ii-LED, kufuneka siqale ngokuhlola iiparamitha zabo zombane, imida yesicelo, kunye nezibonakaliso ezifanelekileyo zokukhanyisa izibane. Oku kuya kunceda abathengisi ukuba bakhethe iindlela ezifanelekileyo zoluhlu lwezicelo.
Iiparamitha zombane ze-LED kwinqanaba le-microscopic
1. Ukuhanjiswa kweSpectral kunye nencopho yewaveveth: Isibane esikhutshwa yi-LED asilobude obunye; endaweni yoko, iqulathe ubude bobude obahlukeneyo, ngobude obunye (λ0) obunobunzulu obuphezulu, obaziwa ngokuba yincopho yewavelength.
2. Ubunzulu obukhanyayo (IV): Oku kubhekiselele kubunzulu bokukhanya okukhutshwa yi-LED, ngokuqhelekileyo kulinganiswe kwicala eliqhelekileyo (okanye ecaleni kwe-axis ye-cylindrical LED). Ichazwa ngamakhandlela (cd) xa ubushushu bemitha kolu cala yi-1/683 W/sr.
3. Ububanzi be-Spectral (Δλ): Imele ukucoceka kokukhanya kwe-LED, ebonisa ukwahlukana phakathi kwamaza amabini ahambelana nesiqingatha sobukhulu bencopho.
4. I-engile yesiqingatha sokuqina (θ1/2) kunye ne-engile yokujonga: θ1/2 ibhekisa kwi-engile ephakathi kolwalathiso lwesiqingatha sexabiso lokuxinana kunye ne-axis yokukhutshwa (indlela eqhelekileyo) ye-LED.
5. Ukuqhubela phambili umsinga osebenzayo (IF): Eli lixabiso langoku langoku xa i-LED ikhupha ukukhanya ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukhuseleko, eyona yangoku (IF) kufuneka ibe ngaphantsi kwe-0.6IFm.
6. Umbane osebenza phambili (VF): Umbane osebenzayo ochaziweyo kwidatha yedatha ufumaneka ngokunikiweyo ngaphambili. Ngokuqhelekileyo ilinganiselwa ku-IF=20mA kwaye isuka kwi-1.4 ukuya kwi-3V ye-LED.
Iiparamitha zomda wesicelo ezinxulumene ne-LED
1. Ukutshatyalaliswa kwamandla okuvumelekileyo (Pm): Ixabiso eliphezulu elifunyenwe ngokuphindaphinda i-voltage ye-DC ngaphambili kwii-terminals ze-LED ngokudlulayo ngoku. Ukugqithisa eli xabiso kunokukhokelela ekugqithiseni kunye nokulimala kwe-LED.
2. Ubuninzi bokuqhubela phambili i-DC current (IFm): Ubuninzi obuvumelekileyo phambili beDC yangoku. Ukugqithisa ixabiso kubangela i-diode eyonakalisiweyo.
3. Ubuninzi bombane obuya umva (VRm): Amandla ombane angasemva avunyelwe kuluhlu oluphezulu. Ukugqithisa eli xabiso kunokubangela ukonakala kunye nomonakalo kwi-LED.
4. Indawo yokusebenza (topm): Uluhlu lweqondo lokushisa apho i-LED inokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukusebenza ngaphantsi okanye ngaphezulu kolu luhlu lobushushu kunciphisa kakhulu ukusebenza kakuhle.
Iimpawu ezinxulumene ne-LED
1. Ukusebenza okuqaqambileyo: Ngumlinganiselo wombane okhanyayo okhanyayo (kwi-lumens) okhutshwa sisigxina kumandla okufaka (ngeewathi) alinganiswa nge-lm/W. I-LED emhlophe ebandayo kunye nobushushu bombala we-5000K okanye ngaphezulu iqhele ukusebenza ngokukhanyayo.
2. Isalathiso sokuBonelela ngoMbala (CRI): Ibonakalisa isakhono sokubonisa imibala yezinto ngomthombo wokukhanya xa kuthelekiswa nomthombo wokukhanya oqhelekileyo wesalathiso (ukukhanya kwemini okanye isibane se-incandescent). I-CRI ephezulu ithetha amandla angcono okunikezela ngombala.
3. Ubushushu boMbala oNxulumeneyo (CCT): Ibhekisa kwinkangeleko yombala wokukhanya okhutshwa ngumthombo xa kuthelekiswa neradiyetha yomzimba omnyama kubushushu obuthile, obulinganiswa ngoKelvin (K).
Ukuhlelwa kwe-LED kubandakanya imiba eyahlukeneyo
1. Ngokusekwe kumbala okhutshwayo: Ibomvu, i-orenji, eluhlaza, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, njl., kunye nezinye ii-LED eziquka iitshiphusi zemibala emibini okanye emithathu.
2. Ngokusekwe kwiimpawu zomphezulu wokukhutshwa: Isetyhula, isikwere, uxande, ukukhupha umphezulu, ukukhupha ecaleni, njl.
3. Ngokusekwe kunikezelo lwe-engile yokuqina kokukhanya: Ukwalatha okuphezulu, umgangatho, kunye neentlobo ezisasaziweyo.
Ngokwesakhiwo, i-LED iza kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo, ezifana ne-epoxy encapsulation, i-metal base epoxy encapsulation, i-ceramic base epoxy encapsulation, kunye ne-glass encapsulation. Ukongeza, ii-LED zinokuhlelwa zibe kukukhanya okuqhelekileyo kunye nokukhanya okuphezulu okusekwe kukukhanya okukhanyayo kunye nokusebenza ngoku.
Ukuvavanya, ii-LED eziqhelekileyo zihlala zivavanyelwa iimpawu zombane zisebenzisa i-multimeter, ngelixa ii-LED ze-infrared zifuna izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ze-photosensitive zokuvavanya njengoko ukukhanya kwe-infrared kungabonakali kwiliso lomntu.
| Izinto ze-LED | Iifom yefom | umbala |
| Ialuminiyam gallium arsenide, Gallium arsenide, Gallium arsenide phosphide, Indium gallium phosphide, Aluminiyam gallium phosphide (doped zinc oxide) | AlGaAs, GaAsP, AlGaInP, GaP:ZnO | Ubomvu kunye ne-infrared |
| IAluminium gallium phosphide, i-Indium gallium nitride/gallium nitride, iGallium phosphide, i-Indium gallium aluminium phosphide, iAluminiyam gallium phosphide | I-InGaN/GaN, i-GaP, i-AlGaInP, i-AlGaP | luhlaza |
| IAluminium indium phosphide, Gallium arsenide, Phosphide, Indium gallium aluminium phosphide, Gallium phosphide | I-GaAsPAlGaInP, i-AlGaInP, i-GaP | Ukukhanya okuphezulu orenji-bomvu, orenji, tyheli, luhlaza |
| Gallium arsenide phosphate | I-GaAsP | Ubomvu, orenji, tyheli |
| Iphosphide ye gallium, iSelenide ye zinc, i-Indium gallium nitride, iSilicon carbide | I-GaP ZnSe InGaN SiC | Ubomvu, tyheli, luhlaza |
| iGallium nitride | GaN | Buhlaza, buhlaza be-emerald, buzuba |
| Indium gallium nitride | KwiGaN | Kufuphi ne-UV, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka |
| Silicon carbide | I-SiC | luhlaza |
| Isilicon (njenge substrate) | Si | luhlaza |
| Isafire (njenge substrate) | I-Al2O3 | luhlaza |
| zinc selenide | ZnSe | luhlaza |
| idayimani | C | Isibane se-Ultraviolet |
| I-aluminiyam i-nitride, i-aluminiyam i-gallium nitride | AlN AlGaN | I-wavelength kukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet ukusuka kude ukuya kufutshane |
Uphuhliso lwamva nje
Iindawo ezahlukeneyo zesicelo
Uthelekiso lwetekhnoloji: LED kunye rajanud zitekhnoloji zokubonisa ezimbini ezisetyenziswa ngokubanzi ezineempawu ezahlukileyo, ezikhokelela kumahluko kwimimandla yazo yesicelo.
Iziboniso ze-LED zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiibhodi zebhodi zangaphandle, izikrini ezinkulu, kunye neendawo ngenxa yokukhanya kunye nokuqina kwazo, zibanika inzuzo kwiindawo ezikhanyayo.
Kwelinye icala, iziboniso ze-OLED zifumana usetyenziso oluxhaphakileyo kwizixhobo ezincinci kunye nee-elektroniki zabathengi ezinjengee-smartphones, iitafile kunye nomabonwakude. Uyilo oluncinci kakhulu kunye nomgangatho obalaseleyo wemifanekiso ye-OLED iziboniso zibenza babe lolona khetho lukhethwayo kwiimveliso zombane eziphezulu.
Itekhnoloji yokubonisa isizukulwana esilandelayo
I-Micro-LED inesisombululo esiphezulu, ukusetyenziswa kwamandla aphantsi, ukukhanya okuphezulu, ukuchasana okuphezulu, ukugcwala kombala oqaqambileyo, ixesha lokuphendula ngokukhawuleza, iprofayili encinci, kunye nobomi obude. Isebenzisa ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10% yamandla e-LCDs kunye ne-50% ye-OLED, iyibeka njengeteknoloji yesiboniso sesizukulwana esilandelayo esilindelwe lishishini.
Ngokufana ne-LED, i-Micro-LED ibonakalisa ubume be-semiconductor eqhelekileyo eyenziwe ngezixhobo ze-semiconductor ze-bandgap ngqo. I-chip ye-semiconductor iqulethe i-semiconductor yohlobo lwe-P apho imingxuma ilawula kunye ne-N-type semiconductor apho ii-electron zilawula. Xa i-current iqukuqela kwi-chip ngokusebenzisa ii-conductors, ii-electron zityhalelwa ukuya kummandla we-P, apho ziphinda zihlangane kunye nemingxuma, zikhupha amandla ngendlela yeefotoni.
Obona bude buphambili bembonakalo yeMicro-LED bujikeleze ukukhanya kwe-20nm ye-ultraviolet, enikezela ngokugcwala kombala okuphezulu kakhulu. Xa kuthelekiswa nezixhobo ze-LED zendabuko, i-Micro-LED entsha iyancipha ukusuka kubukhulu obuqhelekileyo be-300-1000 micrometers ukuya kwi-1-100 micrometers, ivumela ubuninzi bokudibanisa okuphezulu kwindawo ye-chip efanayo. Ngenxa yeempawu zendalo ezikhupha ukukhanya kwe-LED, i-Micro-LED iphucula kakhulu ukukhanya ukuya kumbane osebenza ngokufanelekileyo, okwenza uyilo lokubonisa amandla aphantsi okanye ukukhanya okuphezulu.
I-Micro-LED ibandakanya ukucolwa, ukucolwa kwe-miniaturization kunye nokucwangciswa kwezakhiwo ze-LED, ezinemilinganiselo ejikeleze i-1-100 micrometers. Emva koko, ii-Micro-LEDs zikhutshelwa ngobuninzi kwii-substrates zesekethe, ezinokuqina okanye ziguquguquke kwaye zicace okanye zingabonakali. Ekugqibeleni, inkqubo yokubeka umzimba isetyenziselwa ukugqiba umaleko wokukhusela kunye ne-electrode ephezulu, eyenza i-encapsulation ye-substrate ephezulu.
I-US Micro ye-LED yokuqalisa i-Q-Pixel ibhengeze uphuhliso oluyimpumelelo lwe-matrix esebenzayo ye-matrix ye-Micro LED. Lo mboniso une-pixel density ukuya kwi-6800 PPI, enemilinganiselo ye-1.1cm * 0.55cm kunye ne-3K * 1.5K isisombululo.
Ukwandiswa kwezinye iindawo zesicelo
Ukongeza kwizinto ezintsha zetekhnoloji, ukwandiswa kwe-LED kwezinye iindawo zesicelo kuyabonwa. Ulungelelwaniso lombala oluzimeleyo lwe-LED luvumela uhlengahlengiso lokusebenza ngokukhutshwa ngokweemfuno ezahlukeneyo. Ukukhanya okunjalo kokulawula okubonakalayo kunokulungelelanisa iimpendulo zomzimba womntu, kunye nezibane ezinzulu ze-LED ezinempembelelo eyandayo kwicandelo lezonyango, kunceda ekuphuculeni ukugxila okanye ukulala, ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwemisipha, okanye ukunyanga izifo zesikhumba.
Ngapha koko, ukukhanya okuthe ngqo kobume obuqinileyo kulindeleke ukuba kuvuselele iphotosynthesis kunye nokwandisa ukukhula kwezityalo zegreenhouse. Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo kwindleko-esebenzayo kunye nokusebenza kwintsimi ye-LED, simiselwe ukuba sizuze kwiimveliso ezintsha ze-LED.
isiphelo
Itekhnoloji ye-LED iphucule kakhulu imiba eyahlukeneyo yobomi bethu, okukhokelela kubungakanani bentengiso enkulu kunye nosetyenziso olubanzi. Uphuculo lwakutsha nje lukwabonisa amandla ayo amakhulu kumacandelo afana nezempilo kunye nezolimo. Uphuhliso lwamva nje lwetekhnoloji ye-Micro-LED luvela ngokukhawuleza kwaye lulungele ukutyebisa ubomi bethu ngakumbi.
Esi sithuba seblogi sikwabonelela ngesiseko kunye nokuqonda okubanzi kwemigaqo emva kokukhanya kwe-LED kunye neeparamitha eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha iimveliso ezihambelanayo, ezifana nokusebenza okukhanyayo, ukunikezelwa kombala, kunye nobushushu bombala, kubalulekile ekukhetheni olona khetho lubalaseleyo kwimarike kubathengi bakho.
