Iimpazamo eziPhezulu zoHlelo lwe-7 kunye nendlela yokuziphepha

Nezona mpazamo zincinci zinokubangela iziphumo ezibi, ngakumbi ekuthotyelweni kokuthumela ngaphandle. Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlelwa okuchanekileyo kokuthunyelwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe kubalulekile ukuze kuthotyelwe imithetho, kuthintelwe ukulibaziseka, kunye nokuphepha izohlwayo ezibiza imali eninzi.

Kweli nqaku, siza kuchaza iimpazamo ezisibhozo ezixhaphakileyo zokuhlela esidibana nazo kwaye sinikezele ngeengcebiso ezisebenzayo zokukunceda uziphephe.

Isiqulatho:

1. Ukubhidanisa i-HS, i-HTS, iShedyuli B, kunye neeKhowudi ze-ECCN
2. Ukungaphumeleli ukuhambisana nohlaziyo lweekhowudi zohlelo
3. Ukungahoyi ukuhluka kwemveliso kunye nokuguqulwa
4. Ukusilela ekuqinisekiseni ulwahlulo olubonelelwe ngababoneleli
5. Ukungaqondi kakuhle uphawu oluyimfuneko lwemveliso
6. Ukucinga ukuba imveliso yakho iwela phantsi kwe-EAR99
7. Ukutolikwa gwenxa kwe-600 Series ECCNs
8. Eyona ndlela yokuthintela iimpazamo zohlelo

1. Ukubhidanisa i-HS, i-HTS, iShedyuli B, kunye neeKhowudi ze-ECCN

Abathengisi bangaphandle abaninzi banokungaziqondi iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlela, okukhokelela ekungenisweni okungachanekanga kunye nemiba yokuthotyelwa. Ngelixa ezi nkqubo zinxibelelene, kukho umahluko obalulekileyo phakathi kwazo. Nantsi inkcazo ekhawulezayo yokuba zahluke njani:

IiKhowudi zeNkqubo eHanyanisiweyo (HS).

Idla ngokubizwa ngokuba ngamanani e-HS, le nkqubo yekhowudi ineedijithi ezintandathu isetyenziswa ngoogunyaziwe berhafu kwihlabathi jikelele ukumisela uxanduva kunye namazinga erhafu kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo.

Amazwe amaninzi, kuquka ne-United States, andisa ikhowudi ye-HS ngokongeza amanani ongezelelweyo ukunika ulwahlulo oluneenkcukacha zemveliso. La masuntswana ongezelelweyo ayahluka ukusuka kwelinye ilizwe ukuya kwelinye.

IiKhowudi zeShedyuli yoMrhumo oLungelelanisiweyo (HTS).

Iikhowudi ze-HTS zase-United States yinkqubo yokuhlela yokungenisa enamanani ali-10 ekhethekileyo e-US Elawulwa yiKhomishini yoRhwebo yaMazwe ngaMazwe yase-US (ITC). Kubalulekile ekumiseleni imisebenzi yorhwebo.

Amanani amathandathu okuqala ekhowudi ye-HTS alungelelaniswa nekhowudi eqhelekileyo ye-HS, ngelixa amanani amane okugqibela ahlukile e-US Ukuba ungenisa e-United States, le yikhowudi oza kuyisebenzisa.

Iikhowudi zeShedyuli B

Yiseti eneedijithi ezili-10 zeekhowudi ze-HTS ezilungiselelwe abathengisi bangaphandle base-US. Urhulumente wase-US ngokuqhelekileyo usebenzisa iikhowudi zeShedyuli B ukulandelela amanani okuthunyelwa ngaphandle. Ekubeni iikhowudi zeShedyuli B zisekelwe kwiikhowudi ze-HTS, abathumeli bangaphandle bahlala bezifumana zilula kwaye zisebenza kakuhle kuhlelo lwemveliso.

Inombolo yoHlelo lokuThumela ngaphandle (ECCN)

Olu lwahlulo lokuthumela ngaphandle ngokuqhelekileyo lusetyenziselwa ukulawula ulawulo lokuthumela ngaphandle kunye nokumisela iimfuno zelayisenisi phantsi kweMimiselo yoLawulo lokuThunyelwa kwamanye amazwe (EAR). Ibeka ngokweendidi izinto ngokusekelwe kusetyenziso olunokubakho kunye novakalelo, inceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuthotyelwa kwemimiselo yokuthumela ngaphandle.

2. Ukungaphumeleli ukuhambisana nohlaziyo lweekhowudi zohlelo

Inkqubo eHarmonized yonganyelwe yiWorld Customs Organisation (WCO), ehlaziya iikhowudi zeHS rhoqo emva kweminyaka emihlanu ukubonisa iimveliso ezintsha kunye nokuguqulwa kwezinto ezikhoyo. Uhlaziyo lwamva nje luqale ukusebenza nge-1 kaJanuwari 2022. Ungafumana iinkcukacha kolona hlaziyo lwamva nje apha.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigaqo yangoku yokuthumela impahla ngaphandle, hlola rhoqo kwaye uhlaziye iikhowudi zokuhlela imveliso yakho okanye usebenze nabathumeli bempahla abathembekileyo abahlala ngoku nolu tshintsho.

Fumana iiNgcali zethu eziThumela phambili!

3. Ukungahoyi ukuhluka kwemveliso kunye nokuguqulwa

Ukusebenzisa ulwahlulo olulodwa kuzo zonke iinguqu zemveliso (nokuba kukho umahluko ophawulekayo kwiimpawu okanye imisebenzi) kunokubangela iimpazamo.

Umzekelo, qwalasela inkampani eyenza izixhobo zombane ezifana neelaptops. Bavelisa imodeli esemgangathweni kunye nemodeli yokhuseleko oluphezulu kunye ne-encryption ephezulu.

Ngelixa imodeli esemgangathweni ingawela phantsi kwe-ECCN jikelele (iNombolo yoHlelo lokuThunyelwa ngaphandle) kwiilaptops, inguqulelo yokhuseleko oluphezulu inokufuna i-ECCN ethintelweyo ngakumbi ngenxa yokusetyenziswa kwayo kabini.

Kubalulekile ukuvavanya ukwahluka kwemveliso nganye nganye ukumisela ukuba ngaba ulwahlulo olwahlukileyo luyimfuneko kwaye lubonise naluphi na uhlengahlengiso kwinkqubo yokuhlelwa.

4. Ukusilela ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlelwa okubonelelwe ngabaxhasi

Ukuthembela kuphela kwiikhowudi zokuhlela ezibonelelwa ngabathengisi kunokukhokelela kwimibandela enzima ukuba ngaba azichanekanga. Uqinisekisa ngcono ukuchaneka kwezi khowudi ngokuzimeleyo. Yenza ucazululo lwakho lohlelo, njengoko uxanduva lokuhlelwa okuchanekileyo kokuthumela ngaphandle ekugqibeleni kukuwe njengomthengisi.

5. Ukungaluqondi kakuhle uphawu oluyimfuneko lwemveliso

Ngaphambi kokuhlela imveliso, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngokucacileyo inkcazo, umsebenzi, ukwakheka kunye neempawu. Qinisekisa ukuba unamaxwebhu aneenkcukacha, kuquka:

• Ukusetyenziswa okucetywayo kunye nokuchaza iimpawu
• Iinkcukacha (umzekelo, ubungakanani, umthamo, ubukhulu)
• Ukwakhiwa (umzekelo, iintsimbi, iiplastiki, iinkuni)
• Iikhrayitheriya zokusebenza (umzekelo, umthamo, izinga lokuhamba, amandla ombane)

Xa imveliso ibonakala ingena kwiindidi ezininzi kuba ingumxube okanye idityanisiwe, iMithetho Jikelele yokuTolika (GRI) ichaza ukuba ukuhlelwa kufuneka kusekwe kubume bayo obubalulekileyo. Ukuhlelwa ngendlela engeyiyo kaninzi kwenzeka xa kuqwalaselwa ngakumbi iimpawu zesibini kuneempawu ezingundoqo zemveliso.

6. Ukucinga ukuba imveliso yakho iwela phantsi kwe-EAR99

I-EAR99 luhlelo oluphantsi kweMimiselo yoLawulo lokuThunyelwa kwamanye amazwe (EAR) kwizinto ezingadweliswanga kuLuhlu loLawulo loRhwebo (CCL). Ihlala ijongwa njengento emiselweyo okanye “elula” ukuhlelwa. Kuba ithetha ukuba into leyo ayifuni phepha-mvume lokuthumela ngaphandle ngaphandle kokuba ithunyelwe kwilizwe elinesohlwayo, indawo ekuyiwa kuyo, okanye umsebenzisi wokugqibela ongavumelekanga.

Ngelixa ukuhlelwa kwento njenge-EAR99 kunokubonakala kulungile ukufezekisa inkqubo yokuthumela ngaphandle, le ngcinga inokukhokelela kwimiba yothotyelo ukuba into iwela phantsi kwe-ECCN ethile.

Nkqu neemveliso ezibonakala zilula okanye ziphantsi kobuchwepheshe zisenokuba nee-ECCN ezichongiweyo, ngakumbi ukuba zinezicelo ezisetyenziswa kabini (ezifana nezomkhosi kunye nezomkhosi). Soloko uphonononga ngononophelo i-CCL ukuze uqinisekise ukuba imveliso yakho ine-ECCN kwaye ukuba ilayisensi yokuthumela ngaphandle iyafuneka.

7. Ukutolikwa gwenxa kwe-600 Series ECCNs

Izinto ezazidweliswe ngaphambili kuLuhlu lweMibhobho yase-United States (USML) kodwa ngoku zahlelwa kwakhona phantsi kwe-CCL zihlala zichongwa kunye nee-ECCN ezingama-600. Ezi zinto ziye zatshintshelwa kwi-EAR ukuze kube lula uthintelo lokuthumela ngaphandle, ngakumbi kumazwe e-NATO kunye nezinye izizwe ezimanyeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuhamba kolu didi kunokuba lucelomngeni, njengoko ihlala ibandakanya itekhnoloji enezicelo ezinokubakho emkhosini.

Kwiimveliso zothotho ezingama-600, ukuba nenjineli eyiqondayo inkcazo yobugcisa kunokubaluleka kuhlelo oluchanekileyo. Igosa lokuthotyelwa kwemithetho engeyoyobuchwephesha lisenokungabi nabuchule obufunekayo ukwenza umiselo oluchanekileyo.

Ke ngoko, iinkampani kufuneka zithathele ingqalelo ukwenza amaqela asebenza ngokunqamlezayo aneseti zezakhono ezahlukeneyo ukusebenzisana kwinkqubo yolwahlulo. Ukutyeshela le miba kunokubangela ukuhlelwa okungachanekanga kunye nemingeni yokuthotyelwa.

Eyona ndlela yokuthintela iimpazamo zohlelo

Ukusebenzisa ezi zicwangciso kunye nezibonelelo kunokunciphisa kakhulu ukubakho kweempazamo zokuhlelwa. Nangona kunjalo, ubunzima bemimiselo yokuthumela ngaphandle kunokuba ngumngeni ukuhamba.

Umthombo ovela Ukubonelela ngomoya

Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi oluchazwe ngasentla lunikezelwa ngu-airsupplycn.com ngokuzimeleyo kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi lumelo kunye neziqinisekiso malunga nomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi kunye neemveliso. I-Chovm.com ikhupha ngokucacileyo naliphi na ityala lokwaphulwa kwelungelo lokushicilela umxholo.