Lungelelanisa ishishini lakho ngamaZiko e-FBA aPhezulu eAmazon

Njengosomashishini onqwenelayo, ukusungula ishishini lakho laseAmazon luhambo olonwabisayo oluzaliswe yimincili, uthando, kunye nesithembiso sokukhula. Ngezo ntsuku zakuqala, xa ulungiselela ngobunono, ukupakisha, kwaye uleyibhelishe imveliso nganye yokuhanjiswa, uphathe umtsalane owahlukileyo. Yonke iodolo ehamba ngomkhumbi ngaphandle komnyango ivakalelwa njengoloyiso-ubungqina bokuzinikela kwakho kunye nokusebenza kanzima.

Njengoko ishishini lakho lisiya lisanda kwaye ii-odolo ziqala ukusasazwa ngabaninzi, ulonwabo lunokutshintsha ngokuthe ngcembe lube ngumngeni owoyikekayo. Into eyayikade ingumsebenzi wothando iba ngumsebenzi otya ixesha nodinisayo. Imisebenzi engapheliyo yesiqhelo yokupakisha kunye nokuleyibheli isusa ugxininiso lwakho entliziyweni yeshishini lakho: ukusungula izinto ezintsha kunye nokwandiswa.

Ngena kumaziko e-Amazon FBA prep. La maziko asebenza njengabakhi abangaziwayo emva kwemiboniso enceda oosomashishini ukuba bafezekise imisebenzi, bakhule ngokukhawuleza, kwaye bajonge ubunzima bokuzaliseka kocwangco. Kwesi sikhokelo sibanzi, sifumanisa ukuba ngawaphi amaziko e-Amazon FBA prep kunye nendima abayidlalayo ekukhuliseni amashishini e-intanethi.

Yintoni iZiko lokuLungiselela iAmazon

Embindini wemisebenzi ye-e-commerce yanamhlanje kukho isisombululo esibalulekileyo - iziko le-Amazon FBA prep. Ingqikelelo ethe ngqo njengoko ivakala, iziko lokulungiselela ngokuyimfuneko liziko elenzelwe ukuququzelela ukulungiswa kwee-odolo zokuzaliseka kweAmazon. Njengomrhwebi, uthumela uluhlu lwakho lwempahla kwiziko lokulungiselela kwaye ushiye yonke inkqubo kubo.

Iziko lamalungiselelo e-Amazon FBA lenza yonke imisebenzi yolungiselelo, njengokujonga umgangatho, ukusonga, ukuleyibhile, kunye nokupakishwa. Rhoqo, indima yayo iye yanda ngakumbi ngeenkonzo ezibanzi ezibandakanya ezinye iindawo zokugcina iimpahla, ulungiselelo, kunye neemfuno zokuzalisekisa.

IiNzuzo zokuSebenzisa iZiko lokuLungiselela iAmazon

Njengoko ishishini lakho likhula, unokukala ngokukhawuleza ukuba unikezela imisebenzi yesiqhelo kubaboneleli beqela lesithathu. Uya kumangaliswa kubungakanani bexesha, umzamo, kunye nendawo onokuthi uyigcine ngokunikezela ngemisebenzi yofezekiso lokulungiselela kwezi pros.

Ixesha elingakumbi lokwenza ishishini lakho libe ngcono

Ukudibanisa iimveliso, ukuprinta iilebhile ze-FNSKU, ukupakishwa kwezinto, kunye nokuleyibhela iibhokisi zokuthumela kuthatha ixesha elininzi-ixesha onokuthi ulisebenzisa ngenye indlela ukufumana iimveliso ezintle kakhulu zokuthengisa kunye nokuphucula ishishini lakho.

Ngokusebenzisa amaziko e-Amazon prep, unokujolisa ixesha lakho kunye nemigudu ekufumaneni iimveliso ezintsha, ukuqhuba imikhankaso yokuthengisa, ukulawula uluhlu, kunye nemiyalelo yokubeka iliso. Nge-59% yazo zonke iiyunithi ezihlawulweyo ezivela kubathengisi be-3P kwi-Q1 2023, ungafuna ukwenza konke okusemandleni ukuze uhlale ukhuphisana kwaye ufumane isixa esikhulu sesi sabelo semarike.

Ukusebenza kakuhle kweendleko

Ukusebenzisa iinkonzo zomntu wesithathu kubiza imali, kodwa kunokukunceda ukuba wonge kakhulu ekuhambeni kwexesha. Ngeenkonzo zokulungiselela iAmazon FBA, wonga ngokutyala imali kwizixhobo kunye nokubonelela ngokuleyibhile kunye nokupakishwa. Ababoneleli be-FBA prep babandakanya ezi phakheji zabo zokulungiselela.

Ukusebenzisa amaziko eprep kumazwe athile okanye imimandla ikwakuvumela ukuba unciphise irhafu ekufuneka uyihlawule xa ulungiselela abathengi abasuka kwezinye iindawo. E-US, amazwe amahlanu awanyanzeli irhafu yokuthengisa kwilizwe lonke-iNew Hampshire, Oregon, Montana, Alaska, kunye neDelaware. Ukufumana iinkonzo zamaziko e-FBA prep kula mazwe kunokukunceda ukuba uphephe irhafu yokuthengisa ngaphandle kokwaphula umthetho. 

Indawo eyongezelelekileyo yoluhlu lwempahla

Ukuba, njengabathengisi abaninzi baseAmazon, uqhuba ishishini lakho usekhaya, indawo yakho inokuxinana kakhulu xa ii-odolo zifika zifumbana. Njengoko ishishini lakho lisiya likhula, kuya kufuneka uphelelwe yindawo yazo zonke iimveliso zakho. Iziko le-FBA prep lingakunika indawo eyongezelelweyo oyifunayo kwi-inventri enkulu.

Ukukhula kweshishini ngokukhawuleza

Amaziko e-Amazon FBA prep ngokuqinisekileyo anokukunceda ukuba ukhulise ishishini lakho ngokukhawuleza. La maziko aneenkqubo zokulungisa ezisebenza njengewotshi kwaye zilungise ngokukhawuleza iimveliso zakho. Bexhotyiswe ngendawo enkulu yokugcina iimpahla kunye nabasebenzi abanezakhono, banokuphatha iimpahla ezinkulu zokunyusa amashishini.

Ngamaziko okulungiselela, unokuba neemveliso zakho zilungiswe kwaye zilungele ukuthunyelwa kumaziko okuzaliseka kweAmazon ngosuku okanye ezimbini. Ngolu buchule kunye nendawo yokugcina enikiweyo, unokusingatha iiodolo ezininzi ngaphandle kokuncama umgangatho wemveliso kunye nengqondo yakho.

Iindleko zokuSebenzisa iZiko lokuLungiselela i-FBA laseAmazon

Iindleko zangempela zeenkonzo ze-Amazon FBA prep zihluka ngokuxhomekeke kumboneleli wenkonzo, uhlobo kunye nenqanaba leenkonzo ezifunekayo, ubungakanani kunye nomthamo weemveliso, kunye nezinye izinto. Amanye amaziko e-FBA prep afuna umrhumo wenyanga, ngelixa amanye ebonelela ngexabiso leyunithi nganye ngenani elincinane leeyunithi ngenyanga.

Ngokubanzi, unokulindela ukukhupha malunga ne-1.00 yeedola ukuya kwi-2.00 yeedola ngento nganye ephathwa liziko. Ngaphandle kwexabiso elisisiseko, kusenokubakho iintlawulo ezongezelelweyo zokugcina indawo yokugcina impahla, imathiriyeli yokupakisha ekhethekileyo, ukuleyibhelishwa kwe-FNSKU, kunye nezinye iinkonzo ezongezelelweyo.

Ngaphambi kokuba ubhalisele inkonzo, cacisa isicwangciso sakho okanye iphakheji. Cela uluhlu oluneenkcukacha lweenkonzo ezigutyungelwe phantsi kwexabiso elicatshulweyo. Funda umbhalo ocacileyo kwikhontrakthi okanye kwifomu yesivumelwano ukunqanda izinto ezothusayo xa ixesha lokuhlawula lifika.

Top 5 Amazon FBA Prep Centres

Kukho amakhulukhulu amaziko e-FBA prep eUnited States. Ngoluhlu olude kangaka lokhetho, ukufumana eyona ilungileyo kunokuba nzima. Ungacutha ukhetho lwakho ngokukhangela nje umnatha we "FBA prep center kufutshane nam" okanye "FBA prep center [kwindawo]". Ukwenza kube lula kuwe, sidwelise amaziko angama-5 aphezulu e-FBA namhlanje.

MyFBAPrep

Xa kuziwa kwi-Amazon FBA prep, i-MyFBAPrep izuze udumo lwayo kwishishini ukusuka kumashumi eminyaka yokuhambisa iinkonzo zokulungiselela ezikhethekileyo kumashishini anobukhulu obahlukeneyo. Ngaphezulu kwekhulu leendawo zokugcina iimpahla ezisasazeke kulo lonke elase-US, iYurophu, i-UK, iCanada, kunye neMexico, yenza kube lula kubathengisi beAmazon ukufikelela kwimarike yehlabathi. Ukuba uceba ukwandisa kwimarike yaseAsia, kuyafaneleka ukuba uqaphele ukuba i-MyFBAPrep kungekudala iza kuvula iziko lokulungiselela eChina.

I-MyFBAPrep iqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho engqongqo ye-Amazon ngokubeka ulawulo olungqongqo ngokulinganayo kumaziko abo okulungiselela. Yonke imveliso ijongwa ngononophelo kumgangatho, ubungakanani, iilebhile ezifanelekileyo, ukupakishwa, kunye neminye imiba ebalulekileyo kulungiselelo lokuthumela ngenqanawa.

I-FBA prep yenye yeenkonzo ezininzi kwi-suite ebanzi yezisombululo ze-omnichannel ezinikezelwa yi-MyFBAPrep. Ikwabonelela ngenzaliseko ethe ngqo kubathengi, izinto ezilawulwa yiqondo lobushushu, ukuzaliswa kweentengiso, kunye nokubuyisela umva izinto, phakathi kwezinye ezininzi. Oku kuyenza ibe liziko elikhulu lokulungiselela amashishini athengisa kwiitshaneli ezininzi kunye nokukhonza imimandla emininzi.

Iinkonzo: 

• IAmazon FBA Prep
• Imbuyekezo ye-FBA yaseAmazon
• IAmazon FBM
• Umthengisi weAmazon Ozalisekileyo Prime
• Ukuzalisekiswa kweBhokisi yoMrhumo

Ixesha lokutshintsha: 24 kwiiyure ze-72

Indawo: Ikomkhulu eFlorida, amaziko amaninzi okulungiselela (asekhaya nakwamanye amazwe)

Intengo: ISicwangciso esiPhakathi siqala kwi-$ 0.90 ngeyunithi nganye kwi-50K ukuya kwiiyunithi ze-100K ngenyanga

Iziko loLungiselelo oluhlakaniphile

Isebenza kwisiseko sayo saseDelaware, iZiko lokuLungiselela iSmart libonelela ngenzuzo yokonga iindleko kubathengisi beAmazon. Ngaphandle kwerhafu yokuthengisa ehlawuliswa ngaphakathi kurhulumente, inciphisa iindleko ezibandakanyekayo ekuthengiseni i-intanethi. Ngaphandle koku, ikwahambisa ukuthengisa kweAmazon ngeenkonzo ezibandakanya yonke i-FBA yokulungiselela.

I-Smart Prep Centre inokusingatha yonke into ukusuka ekuhlolweni kwemveliso kunye nokuleyibheli ukuya kwipakethe kunye nokuthunyelwa kokugqibela. Abathengi banikwa ukufikelela kwideshibhodi apho banokulawula ii-akhawunti zabo zobuqu kwaye babeke iliso kwiinkqubo zokulungiselela. Isoftware ikwadibanisa namanye amaqonga e-e-commerce kulawulo olulula ngakumbi lwe-inventri kwiimarike ezininzi. 

I-Smart Prep Centre ikwaxhasa abathengisi phantsi kwemodeli ye-FBM ngokubonelela ngezisombululo zokugcina kunye nokuhanjiswa. Ngaphandle kwezithintelo zomyalelo omncinci kunye namaxabiso aguquguqukayo, iyakwazi ukuhlalisa amashishini abo bonke ubukhulu, ngakumbi abaqalayo.

Iinkonzo:

• IAmazon FBA Prep
• IAmazon FBM
• IiNkonzo zokuLondoloza
• Iinkonzo zokuzaliseka
• Iinkonzo zoLungiselelo lwe-3PL

Ixesha lokutshintsha: Ukufikelela kwiintsuku ze-2 zeshishini

Indawo: IWilmington, Delaware

Intengo: Iqala kwi-$ 1.00 into nganye kwiiyunithi ze-5,000 + ngenyanga

Iinkonzo zeMcKenzie

Yasekwa ngo-2004 njengomthengisi we-intanethi okhethekileyo kwiincwadi ezisetyenzisiweyo, iiNkonzo zeMcKenzie zitshintshelwe kwinkampani yeenkonzo zangaphambi kokuncedisa abathengisi be-Amazon FBA ngempahla yabo yokugcina impahla. Olu lwazi lunosapho lusebenzisa indlela yokujongana nomsebenzisi, umxhasi ngamnye wabelwe umphathi ozinikeleyo weakhawunti kunye nesango lomxumi.

Ikomkhulu e-Oregon, iiNkonzo zeMcKenzie ziyakwazi ukubonelela ngeedilesi ezingahlawulelwa rhafu kunye neenkonzo zokungenisa elizweni. Ithatha uluhlu olubanzi lweemveliso, kubandakanya i-wholesale, i-arbitrage ye-intanethi, izinto zokuthengisa arbitrage, iimveliso ze-hazmat, kunye neencwadi ezisetyenzisiweyo.

Inkqubo yeenkonzo ze-FBA prep ilula kakhulu. Yenza i-akhawunti, thumela izinto zakho kwiiNkonzo zeMcKenzie kunye nezichazi zedilesi ezizodwa, ulindele ukukhutshwa kwe-UPS okanye iilebhile ze-FBA kwi-akhawunti yakho yoMthengisi weCentral, kwaye uvumele iqela likaMcKenzie lilawule amanye amanyathelo e-FBA prep. Fikelela kwi-portal yomxhasi wakho ukujonga uluhlu lwakho lwempahla.

Iinkonzo:

• I-Amazon FBA Prep (i-Wholesale kunye ne-Arbitrage ye-Intanethi)
• Ukuhanjiswa kweKhathoni
• UGcino & neZilahlwayo
• Ukususwa kwe-Amazon kunye nokuBuyisa

Ixesha lokutshintsha: 1 ukuya kwiintsuku zomsebenzi ezingama-3

Indawo: Hillsboro, Oregon

Intengo: Iqala kwi-$ 1.58 into nganye ubuncinane kwiiyunithi ze-50 nge-SKU nganye

Yilungise uyipakishe uyithumele

Ukusebenza ukususela kwi-2013, le nkampani izenzele njengomboneleli othembekileyo weenkonzo ze-Amazon FBA prep kunxweme olusentshona. Ibekwe eLos Angeles, indawo yayo enobuchule inezibonelelo ezahlukileyo kubathengisi abajongana noluhlu lwempahla yaphesheya. Ukuqhubela phambili ukuqinisa indawo yayo yeqhinga, ukusondela kweziko kwiindawo zokugcina iimpahla zaseAmazon kuqinisekisa izisombululo ezifanelekileyo zokugcina.

Yilungiselele, yiPake, ngenqanawa Ibonelela ngothotho lweenkonzo ezihlangabezana neemfuno zabathengisi kwiAmazon, Walmart, Shopify, nakwezinye iindawo zentengiso. Iinkonzo zayo ze-Amazon FBA prep zibandakanya ukuleyibheli kwe-FNSKU, ukupakishwa okukhethekileyo, ukuhlanganisa, ukuhanjiswa kwebhokisi, ukugcinwa, ukubuyisela, kunye nokususwa. Ikwabonelela ngedeshibhodi ye-intanethi apho abathengi banokulawula ukuthunyelwa kunye nokubeka iliso kumanqanaba e-inventri kuyo nayiphi na indawo nangaliphi na ixesha.

Iinkonzo:

• IAmazon FBA Prep
• Ibhokisi-Ugqithiso lwe-FBA
• Ukuzalisekiswa koMyalelo ngamnye (FBM)
• Ukubuyisela kunye nokususwa

Ixesha lokutshintsha: 1 ukuya kwiintsuku zomsebenzi ezingama-2

Indawo: ELos Angeles, eCalifornia naseSpringfield, eOregon

Intengo: Iqala kwi $ 0.85 iyunithi nganye kunye ne-$ 2.00 ngebhokisi

ZonPrep

I-Zon Prep iphawule amashumi amabini eminyaka kwicandelo le-Amazon eligxile kwi-3PL. Indawo yayo enkulu yokugcina i-90,000-sqft kunye neenkqubo zedijithali eziphucukileyo zithatha imithwalo ebotshwe eAmazon ngokusebenza okuphezulu. Isoftware yayo idityaniswa ngaphandle komthungo kunye neeakhawunti zeAmazon ukuququzelela uhlaziyo lweempahla, ukuveliswa kweelebhile, kunye nokungaguquguquki kweshishini.

Ukuphatha ngononophelo kweZon Prep kuqinisekisa uhlolo oluchanekileyo lokuthunyelwa kwempahla engenayo. Iimveliso zibhalwe kwaye zipakishwe ukuthobela imigaqo-nkqubo ye-Amazon ngaphambi kokuba zithunyelwe kumaziko okuzaliseka kwe-Amazon. Ngaphandle kweenkonzo ze-Amazon FBA prep, ikwabonelela ngokususwa kwe-FBA, i-arbitrage ye-intanethi, indawo yokugcina impahla, kunye nezinye iindlela zenkxaso. Kubathengisi be-intanethi, iZon Prep inokuba liqabane elithembekileyo kumashishini ngelixa ujonga ubucukubhede be-Amazon FBA yokulungiselela kunye nokwenza ngcono.

Iinkonzo:

• IAmazon FBA Prep
• IAmazon Aggregators & Brands ezinkulu
• IKitting + Iinkonzo ezongeziweyo zeXabiso
• Ukuphuphuma kweWarehousing & Nokusasazwa
• 3PL eCommerce Ukuzaliseka

Ixesha lokutshintsha: 48 kwiiyure ze-72

Indawo: McDonough, eGeorgia

Intengo: ifumaneka ngesicelo

Ulikhetha njani iZiko lokuLungiselela iAmazon

Njengomthengisi we-Amazon, ukukhetha iziko lokulungisa elichanekileyo kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yakho. Uluhlu olungentla luhlanu nje lwamaziko aphezulu e-Amazon prep namhlanje, kodwa maninzi amanye anokulungela iimfuno zakho ezithile. Ngokhetho oluninzi, ukwenza ukhetho olufanelekileyo kunokubhida. Nazi ezinye zezinto ezinokukunceda ukuba uhambe kule nkqubo inzima yokwenza izigqibo.

Ukuthembeka: Isiseko esiluqilima sokuThemba kunye nokuxhomekeka

Uya kunikela iimveliso zakho kwiziko lokulungiselela. Ke, kufuneka uqiniseke ukuba ithembekile kwaye inokuthenjwa. Eminye imiba ephambili yokuthembeka ngamava abo kwishishini, ukuqonda imithetho entsonkothileyo yaseAmazon, kunye nokukwazi ukuhlangabezana nokulindela abathengi.

Ngelixa inani leminyaka kwinkonzo akufuneki libe sisiseko sodwa, liyanceda ukuseka isidima senkampani. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphezu kwamava oshishino, kubaluleke kakhulu ukujonga ukuba iyazi kakuhle na izikhokelo ze-Amazon kunye nemigaqo yokuthotyelwa. Ungaphinda ufune iingcebiso kubathengisi osebenza nabo kwaye ungene kuphononongo lwabathengi kunye nengxelo ukulinganisa umgangatho weenkonzo zayo.

Indawo: Icebo eliluncedo

Indawo ekuyo iziko lolungiselelo olikhethileyo linefuthe kwiindleko zakho zokuthumela ngenqanawa kunye nempumelelo yolungiselelo. Ukuba ukufunwa kwemveliso yakho okanye ukuthotywa kwempahla kubandakanya intengiselwano yaphesheya, ukukhetha iziko lokulungiselela elikufutshane nezibuko lokuthumela ngenqanawa kunokulungelelanisa ikhonkco lakho lokubonelela. 

Indawo elikuyo iziko lokulungiselela nazo zinokuphembelela isixa seerhafu ekufuneka uzihlawule. Kubathengisi be-intanethi abanabathengi kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye nolawulo, irhafu yokuthengisa inokunciphisa inzuzo yokhuphiswano kwaye ikhokelele kwimiba yokuthotyelwa. Enye indlela yokuphepha ezi zinto kukukhetha iziko lokulungiselela elibekwe kwiindawo ezingenanto yokuthengisa irhafu, njengeDelaware, Oregon, Montana, New Hampshire, naseAlaska. Ukwenjenjalo kunokukunceda uphephe uxanduva lwerhafu olungeyomfuneko.

Izibonelelo: Iziseko ezingundoqo zeMpumelelo

Xa kuziwa kwiAmazon FBA prep, ubungakanani bubaluleke kakhulu. Amaziko okulungiselela anesithuba esingaphezu kwesaneleyo sokugcina kunye nokusetyenzwa anokusingatha uluhlu lwempahla enkulu, ngakumbi ngamaxesha onyaka aphezulu. Ngaphandle kwendawo, jonga amaziko axhotyiswe ngeendawo zokugcina iimpahla eziphambili kunye nezixhobo zokuthumela ngenqanawa.

Izixhobo ezifana nogcino olulawulwa yimozulu ziba luncedo kakhulu ukuba ujongana neemveliso ezingevayo kubushushu, njengempahla etshabalalayo. Iqinisekisa ukuba umgangatho wabo uhlala ungaphazamiseki kuyo yonke inkqubo yamalungiselelo.

Itekhnoloji: Ilungiselelwe uHlumo

Iziko letekhnoloji yeziko lokulungiselela liphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwakho. Ukuba ulinganisa ishishini lakho laseAmazon, oku kusebenza kubalulekile kwimpumelelo yakho. Enyanisweni, i-42% yabathengi inenjongo yokuthenga ngaphezulu kubathengisi ababonelela ngokuhanjiswa okusebenzayo kunye neenkonzo zokuqokelela.

Khetha umboneleli wenkonzo obonelela ngezisombululo zesoftware ekwaziyo ukudityaniswa namaqonga ee-commerce ezahlukeneyo. Jonga iimpawu ezixhasa ukuzaliseka kwamajelo amaninzi, ukuze ulawule iiodolo kuzo zonke iindlela zokuthengisa ezahlukeneyo. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba inkqubo elungelelanisiweyo ithomalalisa iimpazamo kwaye iqinisekisa uhambo lokuzalisekisa olungenamthungo.

Uhlahlo lwabiwo-mali: Iindleko zokulinganisa kunye neNkonzo

Ngelixa amaziko okulungiselela amaziko abonelela ngeenkonzo ezixabisekileyo, eza ngeendleko ezongezelelweyo. Ukufumana ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo phakathi kwamaxabiso kunye neenkonzo kubalulekile kuzinzo loshishino. Qala ngokuseka ulwabiwo lwebhajethi olucacileyo oluhambelana neenjongo zakho zemali. Khangela amaziko okulungiselela abonelela ngamaxabiso akhuphisanayo okanye iipakethe ezibanzi eziwela kuluhlu lwakho lohlahlo lwabiwo-mali olumiselwe kwangaphambili.

Ukulungisa indlela eya kwiMpumelelo yeAmazon

Kuhambo lweshishini, inyathelo ngalinye olithathayo kukutsibela ekukhuleni nasekuphumeleleni. Ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala zokupakisha kunye nokuleyibhelishwa kwemveliso nganye ngononophelo ukuya kulwando olukhawulezayo olulandelayo, ishishini lakho liyaguquka, kwaye iimfuno zakho ziyatshintsha.

Njengoko iphulo lakho lisiya lisanda, ukulungiswa kweodolo kunye nemiceli mngeni yokuzaliseka kunokuba nzima. Kulapho amaziko e-Amazon FBA prep angena khona njengamaqabane akho angagungqiyo kwindlela eya kwimpumelelo yeshishini. La maziko ngabayili bobuchule obukuvumela ukuba ubuyisele amandla akho kutshintsho, ukuthengisa, kunye nokunyusa ishishini lakho. Babonelela ngendawo eyongezelelweyo oyidingayo kwi-inventri yakho ehlala ikhula ngelixa bekunceda ukuba uhambe kwihlabathi elinzima leerhafu kunye nokuthotyelwa.

Umthombo ovela Iicolts ezintathu

Ulwazi olubekwe ngasentla lubonelelwa ngabakwa-Threecolts ngokuzimeleyo kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi lumelo kunye neziqinisekiso malunga nomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi kunye neemveliso.