Esona sikhokelo sigqibeleleyo sokuThenga abona matshini bokuyila abagqwesileyo

Oomatshini bokugaya—abakwabizwa ngokuba ngoomatshini bokwenza imisebenzi emininzi—bayafuneka kakhulu kwiivenkile zokwenziwa kwesinyithi kunye nezokwenziwa ngamaplanga. Umatshini wokusila sisixhobo esijikeleza isixhobo esijikelezayo esinemiphetho emininzi yokusika elungelelaniswe ngokulungeleleneyo malunga ne-axis yayo, esetyenziselwa ukususa izinto kwi-workpiece.

Akusiyo imfihlo ukuba umatshini wokugaya umgangatho olungileyo unokuhlala iminyaka kwaye uncede abavelisi bahlangabezane nemigangatho ephezulu yokunyamezela. Nangona kunjalo, ukukhetha umatshini wokugaya ogqibeleleyo ngumsebenzi ngokwawo ukuba awuyazi kakuhle imilinganiselo.

Esi sikhokelo sinikezela ngombono okhawulezayo koomatshini bokugaya kunye neengcebiso onokuthi uzilandele ukuze ufumane oomatshini bokugaya abalungileyo ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zabathengi bakho bokugqibela.

Isiqulatho
Imarike yomatshini wokungqusha
Iingcebiso zokukhetha oomatshini bokungqusha abalungileyo
Isiqwenga esiphambili soomatshini bokwenza isinyithi kunye nokusebenza ngamaplanga

Imarike yomatshini wokungqusha

Iimveliso zesinyithi ezenziweyo zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwihlabathi liphela ukusuka kwimizi ukuya kwiinjongo zemizi-mveliso, zinika ukukhula okuzinzileyo koomatshini bokungqusha. Imarike yomatshini wokungqusha kuqikelelwa ukuba iya kufikelela I-USD 102.3 yezigidigidi ekupheleni kuka-2026, ikhula kwi-CAGR ye-7.2%.

Itekhnoloji yanamhlanje ephucukileyo inika indawo elungileyo koomatshini bokusila be-CNC. Lo bungakanani bemarike bumiselwe ukwandisa ukuya I-USD 128.41 yezigidigidi ngo-2028. Ngelixa olu luqikelelo lwehlabathi, imakethi ye-Asia Pacific kulindeleke ukuba ibone ukukhula okuphezulu. Ukongeza, imakethi yaseYurophu kulindeleke ukuba ibone ukukhula okubonakalayo xa kuthelekiswa noMntla Merika, uMbindi Mpuma kunye neAfrika, kunye neLatin America.

Umqhubi ophambili wokukhula koomatshini bokugaya i-CNC unokubangelwa kukunyuka kotyalo-mali kwi-Intanethi yezinto (IoT) ngaphakathi kwecandelo lokuvelisa. Ngaphaya koko, ukwamkela ubuchule bokwenza okongeziweyo kunye nokunciphisayo ukwakha izinto ezinzima, iimveliso ezichanekileyo ziya konyusa imfuno yaba matshini.

Iingcebiso zokukhetha oomatshini bokungqusha abalungileyo

1: Inani lezembe

Oomatshini bokugaya baziindidi ezintathu ezisekwe kwinani leezembe: ezithe nkqo, ezithe tyaba, nezithe tye. Umahluko phakathi kwaba matshini bokungqusha ulele kumazembe anokushukuma. Oomatshini abaninzi bokungqusha banamazembe amathathu: iasi ethe nkqo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Z-axis, i-axis yobude ebizwa ngokuba yi-X-axis, kunye ne-axis enqamlezayo ebizwa ngokuba yi-Y-axis.

Umatshini wokungqusha othe nkqo

The umatshini wokungqusha nkqo yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Inento yokusonta ethe nkqo ethe tyaba kwi-workpiece. Kumatshini wokusila othe nkqo, i-workpiece ihlala ilungisiwe ngelixa itafile ihamba ecaleni kwayo. Aba matshini bokugaya bahamba ngokulula, bevumela umqhubi ukuba asuse izinto ezivela kwi-workpiece ukuguquguquka ngakumbi.

Intloko yomatshini othe nkqo nayo ingahanjiswa kumacala ahlukeneyo. Lo matshini uqhele ukusetyenziselwa ukusebenza kwindawo ethe nkqo kwi-angular milling, slot milling, T-slot milling, kunye neflat milling. Ngokwesiqhelo, oomatshini bokungqusha abathe nkqo banokuqhuba iinxalenye ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6000mm ububanzi, 2500mm ukuphakama, kunye ne-700mm ubunzulu.

Umatshini wokungqusha othe tye

Oomatshini bokungqusha abathe tye basetyenziswa ikakhulu kwimisebenzi apho oomatshini bokungqusha abathe nkqo bangafanelekanga. Oomatshini bokungqusha abathe tyaba bane-horizontal spindle, kwaye izixhobo zincanyathiselwe ngokunxusene netafile. Aba matshini bafanelekile kwiimeko apho umsebenzi wokugaya uquka ukususa izinto ezigqithisileyo ngokuchaneka okuncinci.

Kulo matshini wokusila, abasiki abaninzi bokugaya banokubekwa ecaleni komnye. Umatshini unokuthwala ukusika umthwalo onzima kwaye unokusika nge-mill end. Oomatshini bokungqusha abathe tye zilungele ukwenza imijelo ngaxeshanye, iibevels, kunye neenqwelomoya kwaye zisebenza ngcono ekukhutshweni kwetshiphu. Aba matshini bakwaluncedo ekwenzeni amanxeba anzima nanzulu xa kuthelekiswa nomatshini wokusila othe nkqo.

Ngokufana noomatshini bokungqusha abathe nkqo, amatye okusila axwesileyo afumaneka ngobungakanani betafile obahlukeneyo ukusetyenzwa kweendawo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6000mm ububanzi, 2500mm ubude, kunye ne-700mm ubunzulu.

Umatshini wokungqusha jikelele

Umatshini wokungqusha wendalo yonke unojikelezo olujikelezileyo oluncanyathiselwe kwihenjisi, kwaye ngokungafaniyo nabanye oomatshini bokungqusha, unokusebenza kwii-axes ezininzi. Iincakuba ezininzi zeesarha zinokubotshwa ngexesha elinye kwi umatshini wokungqusha jikelele, iyenza isebenze kakhulu. Intloko yokusila yomatshini inokujikeleza kwi-degrees ezingama-45 ukuya ngasekhohlo nasekunene kwaye inobungqongqo kunye nokuzinza okwaneleyo. Oomatshini bokusila bendalo yonke basetyenziselwa ikakhulu ukujongana nemiphezulu eyahlukeneyo yeenxalenye ezincinci, ezinobunzima obuphantsi kunye nemveliso yeserial.

Kwakhona kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa izincamathelisi ezongezelelweyo ezifana ne-slotting attachment, i-attachment ejikelezayo, i-attachment yokusila ethe nkqo, kunye nentloko yesalathiso okanye intloko yokwahlula ukwandisa umthamo womatshini.

2. Uhlobo lokutyisa

Oomatshini bokungqusha bahambe umgama omde ngokobukrelekrele. Oomatshini bokungqusha bemveli basebenzisa amavili ezandla athi umqhubi ajike ukuhambisa i-workpiece ukuya nokubuya kwi-drill. Nangona kunjalo, oomatshini abakhoyo namhlanje bafuna umsebenzi omncinci okanye awukho kwaphela. Ke ngoko, ukuba ujonge ukubamba imakethi kwishishini, unokubonelela ngeendlela ezininzi kubathengi bakho, kwaye uhlobo lokutya lokuhamba ngetafile yenye yezona ndawo zibalulekileyo zokuthengisa. Okona kutya kudumileyo oya kukufumana koomatshini bokungqusha namhlanje zezi:

• Ukutya kwesintu
• Injini yombane
• Umatshini wokugaya we-CNC

Ukutya kwesintu

Ukutya kwesintu kuseyeyona nto ithandwayo, ngenxa yeendlela eziqhelekileyo zokusila. Oku indlela yokutya isebenza kwii-axes ezi-3 usebenzisa amavili ezandla. Ivili lesandla lisetyenziselwa ukuhambisa itafile, ephawulwe ngemilinganiselo efana neemilimitha ukunika ulawulo oluthe kratya kumqhubi xa uhambisa itafile kwaye ufumane ukuchaneka ngelixa usika.

Injini yesondlo samandla

Kolu hlobo lomatshini wokungqusha, ukutya kombane kuncanyathiselwe kwizikrufu zebhola zokomba, ukugaya, kunye nabanye oomatshini bokutya okuchanekileyo, okuphindaphindwayo. Zenzelwe ukubonelela ukutshintshwa kwesondlo esizenzekelayo kwi-handwheels kwizixhobo zomatshini ezilawulwa ngesandla, ezivumela ukuba itafile ihambe ngokuqhubekayo. Indlela yokutya yamandla isebenzisa i-DC elungiselelwe imoto ene-12V, iigiya ze-bevel, kunye nebhanti lexesha.

Umatshini wokugaya we-CNC

Ulawulo lwamanani eKhompyutha okanye oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC ngoomatshini abaphuculweyo abasebenzisa inkqubo elawulwa yikhompyutha.

I-spindle ebonelelwe kwaba matshini bokungqusha inokuhamba kumacala amathathu, okuthetha ukuba inokujikeleza i-360 degrees. Umsebenzisi ufuna nje ukulayisha uyilo lomsebenzi, kwaye umatshini uya kukhathalela ngokuzenzekelayo imisebenzi yokugaya. Olu hlobo lomatshini wokugaya lufana nohlobo lwebhedi okanye inguqu ephuculweyo yomatshini wokugaya uhlobo lwebhedi.

oomatshini bokusila be-CNC zibhetyebhetye kwaye zinemveliso ephezulu. Basenokusika iimilo ezintsonkothileyo kunye nemathiriyeli ngokuchanekileyo. Ngaphandle koko, aba matshini beza nomsebenzi wememori ovumela abaqhubi ukuba baphindaphinde umsebenzi amaxesha amaninzi. Oomatshini bokungqusha be-CNC baya bethandwa ngakumbi ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwabo ngokulula kunye nokuncipha koxinzelelo lwabasebenzi. Ngokuzimela, ukuchaneka, kunye nokuchaneka okubonelelwa ngeli xesha litsha loomatshini bokungqusha, oomatshini bemveli baphelelwa lixesha.

3. Isantya

Isantya sesinye sezona zinto zibalulekileyo ekufuneka uziqwalasele xa ukhetha umatshini wokungqusha, njengoko uya kuba nefuthe ngokuthe ngqo kumgangatho kunye nokugqitywa ngokupheleleyo kwenxalenye yokugqibela esetyenziweyo. Olona khetho ludumileyo kukuya kwi-RPM ephezulu (ukujikeleza ngomzuzu) oomatshini abanezixhobo ezincinci ezigqunyiweyo, ukusika kubunzulu obunzulu. I-RPM ephezulu iphumela ekugqityweni okucocekileyo kwaye ifuna amandla amancinci amahashe.

4. Iinketho zokupholisa

I-oyile yokusika isebenza njengesipholisi esikhulu ngelixa kugutywa. Ikwasebenza njenge-lubricant kwaye inciphisa uxinzelelo kumatshini kunye nomsebenzi. Ioyile ichitha ubushushu obuveliswe kwisixhobo sokusika kunye nesixhobo sokusebenza, yandisa ubomi bomatshini, kwaye ithintela ukusonga nokubamba. I-oyile yokusika iphinda incede ukucacisa umphezulu we-workpiece ukusuka kwi-chips kunye ne-shavings kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko we-chips kunye neempazamo ezingafunekiyo.

5. Ukuchaneka

Ukuchaneka yenye parameters ezibalulekileyo xa ukukhetha oomatshini bokungqusha. Luphawu oluya kukunceda uqonde ukuba uchaneka kangakanani na umatshini wokugaya xa usenza umsebenzi ofunekayo. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba imfuno kukusika i-workpiece kwi-50mm, umatshini kufuneka ubeke ngokusondeleyo isixhobo ukufanisa eli xabiso xa kusenziwa umsebenzi. Ukuchaneka kokubeka isixhobo kufuneka kube phantsi kwe-0.05mm. Kwimisebenzi efuna ukuchaneka ngakumbi, kufuneka kukhethwe oomatshini bokungqusha abachaneke nge-0.01mm.

6. Ubungakanani betafile

Xa ukhetha umatshini wokusila othe nkqo, enye yezinto eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe bubungakanani bayo. Ubungakanani aba matshini lokusila kumiselwa ngokusekelwe longitudinal eliphezulu itheyibhile, cross, kunye nohambo nkqo kunye nomphezulu ukusebenza umatshini. Le milinganiselo iya kukunika ingcamango malunga nobukhulu beendawo ezinokucutshungulwa kusetyenziswa umatshini. Ngokuqhelekileyo, imilinganiselo yetafile iqala ukusuka kwi-600X300mm kwaye ihambe iyonke ukuya kuthi ga kwi-6000X2500mm, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomatshini wokungqusha oyikhethayo.

Isiqwenga esiphambili soomatshini bokwenza isinyithi kunye nokusebenza ngamaplanga

Oomatshini bokugaya benza umsebenzi wesinyithi kunye nokusebenza ngamaplanga kube yimpepho. Ngohlobo olufanelekileyo loomatshini kwikhathalogu yakho, abathengi baya kuba nexesha elilula lokwenza izigqibo zokuthenga. Qwalasela yonke le miba ngaphambili ukuthenga umatshini wokungqusha kwaye utyale imali yakho koomatshini abahlangabezana ngokuchanekileyo neemfuno kunye nolindelo lwabathengi bakho.