Utshintsho lwamandla ehlabathi luphulukene nomfutho ngenxa yokwanda kokungaqiniseki kwihlabathi jikelele, ngokwengxelo entsha yeQonga lezoQoqosho leHlabathi (i-WEF). Ngelixa amazwe ali-107 kwali-120 abonakaliswe kwingxelo abonise inkqubela kwiihambo zawo zokutshintsha amandla kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, isantya sisonke senguqu siye sacotha kwaye ukulungelelanisa imiba eyahlukeneyo kusengumngeni ongundoqo.
Ukuguquguquka kwezoqoqosho, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwemo yelizwe kunye nokutshintsha kobuchwepheshe zonke zinempembelelo, zisenza nzima isantya kunye nomkhondo. Kukho, nangona kunjalo, esinye isizathu sokuba nethemba, ngokutsho kwengxelo, ngokunyuka kotyalo-mali lwehlabathi kwizinto ezinokuhlaziywa kunye nokukhula okubonakalayo kwindlela yokusebenza yokutshintsha amandla kwi-Afrika engezantsi kwe-Sahara kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo.
14th Uhlelo lonyaka lwengxelo yeForam, Ukunyanzeliswa kweNguquko yaMandla asebenzayo ngo-2024, epapashwe ngokubambisana ne-Accenture, isebenzisa i-Energy Transition Index (ETI) ukulinganisa amazwe angama-120 ekusebenzeni kweenkqubo zabo zamandla zangoku, ngokugxininisa ukulinganisa ukulingana, ukugcinwa kokusingqongileyo kunye nokhuseleko lwamandla, kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwenguqu. Entsha kulo nyaka kwingxelo "iindlela ezilungelelanisiweyo" zokuhlalutya iimpawu ezikhethekileyo zelizwe, kuquka inqanaba lengeniso kunye nemithombo yamandla yasekhaya, ukubonelela ngeengcebiso ezikhethekileyo zommandla.
ETI 2024 Amanqaku. IYurophu iyaqhubeka nokukhokela i-ETI rankings, kunye noluhlu oluphezulu lwe-10 lwe-2024 ehlanganiswe ngokupheleleyo ngamazwe asuka kuloo mmandla. ISweden (1) kunye neDenmark (2) ziphezulu kuluhlu, zibekwe kumazwe amathathu aphambili nyaka ngamnye kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo. Zilandelwa yiFinland (3), iSwitzerland (4) neFransi (5). La mazwe azuza ngokuzibophezela okukhulu kwezopolitiko, utyalo-mali oluqinileyo kuphando kunye nophuhliso, ukwandiswa kokwamkelwa kwamandla acocekileyo-okukhawuleziswa yimeko yengingqi ye-geopolitical, imigaqo-nkqubo yokusetyenziswa kwamandla kunye nexabiso lekhabhoni. IFransi ingumngeneleli omtsha kwabahlanu abaphezulu, kunye nemilinganiselo yamva nje yokusebenzisa amandla okunciphisa ubungakanani bamandla kulo nyaka uphelileyo.
Phakathi koqoqosho lwe-G20, iJamani (i-11), i-Brazil (i-12), i-United Kingdom (i-13), i-China (i-17) kunye ne-United States (i-19) ijoyina i-France kwi-ETI ephezulu ye-20, kunye nabangeneli abatsha i-Latvia (15) kunye ne-Chile (20), eziye zaxhaswa ngokunyuka kwamandla avuselelekayo.
I-China kunye neBrazil ziye zaqhubela phambili kakhulu kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuyinhloko ziqhutywa yimizamo yexesha elide yokwandisa isabelo samandla acocekileyo kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka kwegridi yabo. Ukuzibophelela okuqhubekekayo kweBrazil kumbane kunye ne-biofuels, imitsi yamva nje kumandla elanga, kunye namanyathelo alungiselelwe ukuyila amathuba amatsha kube ngundoqo ekutsaleni utyalo-mali. Ngo-2023, i-China ikwanyuse ngokuphawulekayo umthamo wayo wamandla ahlaziyekayo kwaye yaqhubeka ikhula kwaye ityale imali kwisakhono sayo sokwenza kubuchwepheshe obucocekileyo obufana neebhetri zezithuthi zombane, iiphaneli zesola, iiinjini zomoya kunye nobunye ubugcisa obubalulekileyo. I-China, kunye ne-US kunye ne-Indiya, ikwakhokela ekuphuhliseni izisombululo zamandla amatsha kunye nobuchwepheshe.
Umsantsa kumanqaku e-ETI ewonke ucuthe phakathi koqoqosho oluqhubela phambili noluphuhlayo kwaye “umbindi womxhuzulane” wenguqu ufudukela kumazwe asakhasayo. Nangona kunjalo, utyalo-mali lwamandla acocekileyo luyaqhubeka lugxininiswa kuqoqosho oluphambili kunye neTshayina. Oku kugxininisa imfuneko yenkxaso yemali evela kumazwe ahambele phambili ukuze kuququzelelwe inguqu yamandla elinganayo kumazwe asahlumayo nasakhasayo kunye nokwenziwa komgaqo-nkqubo wokucinga kwangaphambili kuzo zonke izizwe ukukhuthaza iimeko zotyalo-mali ezincomekayo ngokwenene, itsho i-WEF. Njengoko kungekho sicombululo sikhoyo jikelele, imigaqo-nkqubo inokulungelelaniswa ngokweemfuno ezizodwa zelizwe ngalinye, ngokusekelwe kwizinto ezifana nenqanaba lengeniso, imithombo yamandla esizwe kunye neemfuno, kwakunye nomxholo wommandla.
Amazwe angama-20 aphezulu kwi-ETI ngo-2024. Umndilili wehlabathi jikelele amanqaku e-ETI afikelele kwirekhodi eliphezulu. Nangona kunjalo, ukucotha kwesantya sotshintsho lwamandla ehlabathi, okokuqala ichongiwe ngo-2022, kuye kwaqina kulo nyaka uphelileyo. Ingxelo ka-2024 ibonisa ukuba ukuphucuka kweminyaka emithathu kumanqaku e-ETI yehlabathi phakathi kwe-2021-2024 phantse ngokuphindwe kane ngaphantsi kokunyuka kwexesha lika-2018-2021. Ngaphaya koko, le ngxelo ibonisa ukuba ama-83% amazwe afumene amanqaku aphantsi kunonyaka ophelileyo ubuncinane kwimilinganiselo yentsebenzo engundoqo yotshintsho lwamandla: uzinzo, ulingano kunye nokhuseleko.
Ngelixa ihlabathi lihleli lingekho kumkhondo ukuhlangabezana neminqweno ye-net-zero ngo-2050 kwaye ligcine ukufudumala kwehlabathi kungabi ngaphezu kwe-1.5C, njengoko kubizwe kwiSivumelwano saseParis, kubekho inkqubela phambili ephawulekayo ekusebenziseni amandla kunye nokwanda okuphawulekayo ekwamkelweni kwemithombo yamandla acocekileyo. Isantya sokutshintsha amandla siye sacotha ngenxa yokusilela kukulingana kwamandla, okuqhutywa kukunyuka kwamaxabiso amandla kwiminyaka yakutshanje. Ukhuseleko lwamandla luyaqhubeka nokuvavanywa ziimeko zezopolitiko.
Ukwenziwa kwezinto ezintsha ngoyena mba ubalulekileyo ovumela inguqu yamandla kwaye inokunciphisa iindleko, ilinganise ubugcisa obuphambili, ihlaziye kwaye ixhobise abasebenzi ngokutsha kwaye itsale utyalo-mali. Ngaphandle kokucotha kwamva nje kwenkqubela phambili yokuvelisa izinto ezintsha kunye nokwehla kotyalo-mali lokuqalisa kwihlabathi ngo-2023, kukho iindawo apho ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kunyuka ngokukhawuleza, ngokwengxelo entsha.
Ubutsha bedijithali, kubandakanya i-AI yokuvelisa, ibonelela ngamathuba abalulekileyo okugcwalisa esi sikhewu kunye nokuphinda kuqalwe ishishini lamandla ngokwandisa imveliso. Ukukwazi kwe-Generative AI ukuhlalutya ubuninzi bedatha kunokubonelela ngeengqikelelo ezintsha kunye nezisombululo, okanye ukulungelelanisa imisebenzi ekhoyo ukwandisa ukusebenza, phakathi kwezinye izibonelelo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda ngokupheleleyo oku nokwenzeka, kuya kubaluleka ukulungisa ngokuthembekileyo nangokulinganayo imingcipheko kunye nemingeni ebangelwa kobu buchwepheshe.
I-Energy Transition Index ibonelela ngesakhelo esiqhutywa yidatha ukukhuthaza ukuqonda ukusebenza kunye nokulungela kweenkqubo zamandla ehlabathi ukulungiselela inguqu. I-ETI ibandakanya amazwe ali-120 ngokwenkqubo yawo yangoku yenkqubo yamandla kunye nokulungela inguqu kwaye amazwe afumene amanqaku kwiimpawu ezingama-46. La mazwe akhethwe ngokusekelwe kubukho bedatha yesalathisi esingaguqukiyo kwimithombo eyahlukeneyo ngaphezu kwenani elincinane lezalathisi kumlinganiselo ngamnye wesalathiso. Ukusebenza kwenkqubo kulinganiswe ngokulinganayo kuwo wonke ukulingana, ukhuseleko kunye nokuzinza.
Ukulungela inguqu kwahlulwe yangamaqela amabini: izixhobo ezingundoqo kunye nezinto ezivumelayo. Izinto ezincedayo zibandakanya imimiselo kunye nokuzibophelela kwezopolitiko, kunye nemali kunye notyalo-mali. Imiba enika amandla ibandakanya ukusungula izinto ezintsha, iziseko ezingundoqo, nemfundo kunye nabasebenzi. Amanqaku okugqibela e-ETI elizwe adityaniswe amanqaku alo kwii-sub-indices ezibini zokusebenza kwenkqubo kunye nokulungela inguqu, enobunzima obungama-60% kunye nama-40% ngokulandelelanayo.
Umthombo ovela INkongolo yemoto eGreen
Ukuziphendulela: Ulwazi olubekwe ngasentla lunikezelwa yi-greencarcongress.com ngaphandle kwe-Chovm.com. I-Chovm.com ayenzi lumelo kunye neziqinisekiso malunga nomgangatho kunye nokuthembeka komthengisi kunye neemveliso.
