Yintoni iBhili yeNdlu yokuLawula

Kwilizwe lokuthumela ngenqanawa, a ityala lokhwela luxwebhu oluyimfuneko oluchaza imiqathango nemiqathango yezothutho. I-bill of lading ithathwa njenge "ikhontrakthi yokuthwala” njengoko ilawula indlela umthwalo oza kusingathwa ngayo ukusuka ekuthathweni ukuya ekuhanjisweni. Igama elithile "iyalayisha” livela kwigama elithi “umthwalo,” okubhekiselele ekulayisheni imithwalo ezinqanaweni okanye kwiilori ukuze zithuthwe emhlabeni okanye elwandle.

Kukho iintlobo ezimbalwa zamatyala omthwalo, kodwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisa uhlobo oluchanekileyo ukulandelela ukuthunyelwa kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuba bafika ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo abasingise kuyo. Amatyala endlu yokuthwala yenye yeendlela eziqhelekileyo ezisetyenziswa kwi ukuthunyelwa kwempahla yolwandle. Ukuqonda ukuba ziyintoni na, zikhutshwa ngubani, kunye nendlela yokuzisebenzisa ngokufanelekileyo kunokunceda amashishini aphephe iimpazamo ezibiza kakhulu kwaye aqinisekise ukuba inkqubo yawo yokuthumela ngenqanawa ihamba kakuhle.

Isiqulatho
Yintoni intlawulo yendlu?
Ngubani okhupha amatyala endlu?
Yintoni injongo yetyala lendlu?
Kufuneka kuqukwe ntoni yonke ibhili yempahla yendlu?
Ibhilikhwe yendlu yomthwalo vs ibhilikhwe yokuthwala
Ukukhusela imithwalo ngamaxwebhu afanelekileyo okuthumela ngenqanawa

Yintoni intlawulo yendlu?

Ityala lendlu (“HBL”) luxwebhu olusemthethweni olukhutshwa ngu uloyiko ludluliselwe (siya kuba ngubani kungekudala) evumayo ukuba ifumene iimpahla eziza kuthunyelwa. Ngokubanzi, i-HBL iya kukhutshwa emva kokuba uhlolo lomthwalo lugqityiwe. Oku kuqinisekisa i Umthunywa (umthengi / ongenisa ngaphandle) ukuba akukho zinto zilahlekileyo okanye ezonakalisiweyo kwaye akukho nto yongeziweyo okanye isusiwe ekuthunyelweni ngaphambi kokuba ishiye izibuko.

I-HBL ibandakanya amagama abo bonke ababandakanyekayo ekuthunyelweni, kunye neenkcukacha malunga neziqulatho zayo kunye nexabiso. Oku kunokunceda ekuqinisekiseni ukuba wonke umntu obandakanyekayo kwinkqubo yokuthumela inqanawa uyazi ukuba uxanduva lwakhe kunye nokuba baya kubuyiselwa kangakanani xa kukho umonakalo okanye ilahleko. Ibhili yempahla yendlu ibandakanya inkcazo yayo nayiphi na imiyalelo yokuthumela ebonelelwe ngumthumeli, kodwa akufanele ithathwe njengesiqinisekiso okanye ukwamkelwa kweliphi na iqela.

Ngubani okhupha amatyala endlu?

Uninzi lwamatyala omthwalo (umz., i-master bill yomthwalo) zikhutshwe ngumzila wokuthumela-inkampani ephethe kwaye isebenze abathwali boqobo. Kodwa ayingawo onke amashishini aneenqanawa ezinkulu ezithatha izikhongozeli ziphelele, ngoko ke azikwazi kuthethathethana ngqo neenkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa. Kulapho kungena khona amatyala ezindlu. Zikhutshwa ngabathuthi abangengabo inqanawa abasebenzisa izithuthi eziqhelekileyo (i-NVOCC), abathenga izithuba zempahla kubathwali abasebenzayo ngobuninzi, baze bazithengise kwakhona kubahambisi beenqanawa abancinci nabaphakathi ngengeniso encinci.

Ngale ndlela, i-NVOCC ikhupha a intlawulo yendlu ukugubungela ukuthunyelwa kokudibanisa-oko kukuthi, i-assortment yeepasile ezithunyelwa ngeenkampani ezahlukeneyo eziye zadityaniswa ngumthumeli. Umzekelo, xa sele ifumene zonke iimpahla ezithunyelwa kumthumeli ngamnye kwaye idibanise kwindawo enye enkulu yokuthumela, inkampani yokudlulisela ikhupha amatyala amaninzi endlu kubathumeli abafanelekileyo.

Yintoni injongo yetyala lendlu?

Injongo yetyala lendlu yokuthwala kukubhala ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukusuka kwenye indawo ukuya kwenye. Kodwa iphumeza nezinye iinjongo—makhe sizihlolisise ngakumbi.

Ubungqina berisithi

I-bill of lading yindlu yokuvuma ngokusesikweni ukuba umthuthi uthathe iimpahla kwaye uya kuzihambisa kwindawo yazo yokugqibela. Isebenza njengerisithi engenamiqathango yabathunyiweyo, abaya kuyisayina xa befumana iimpahla kumthwali.

Uxwebhu lwengqinisekiso

I-house bill of lading luxwebhu oluqinisekisa ukuba umthwalo ufunyenwe ukwimeko entle. Iqinisekisa umthumeli ukuba ukuthunyelwa kwabo kulayishwe ngokukhuselekileyo kwaye ngaphandle komonakalo. Ngaphezu koko, olu xwebhu lomthetho lenza ukuba umthwali athwale uxanduva lwawo nawuphi na umonakalo okanye ilahleko eyenzeka ngexesha lokuhamba.

Ukudluliselwa kogcino

Ukugqithiselwa kogcino yenye yezona njongo zibalulekileyo zetyala lendlu. Ivumela umphathiswa ukuba abe noxanduva olusemthethweni lweempahla kwaye aqinisekise ukuba zidluliselwa kumnini ofanelekileyo. Ukuba umthumeli akakwazi ukunika amaxwebhu afunekayo, akayi kukwazi ukuthatha ukuthunyelwa kwawo.

Kufuneka kuqukwe ntoni yonke ibhili yempahla yendlu?

Ngoku siyazi ukuba yiyiphi i-bill ye-lading yendlu kunye nendima yayo kwinkqubo yokuthumela, eli candelo liya kuhamba kumacandelo ahlukeneyo aqulethwe kwi-template ye-HBL eqhelekileyo.

Ibhilikhwe yendlu yomthwalo vs ibhilikhwe yokuthwala

I-bill of lading yendlu kunye ne-master bill of lading zombini ngamaxwebhu asemthethweni aqulethe ulwazi malunga nempahla kwaye asebenze iinjongo ezifanayo. Zisetyenziselwa ukuthutha elwandle ukuqinisekisa ukuba uthutho lwenziwe, ukunika iinkcukacha malunga nokuqulethwe yimpahla, kunye nokumisela amalungelo obunini.

Umahluko kuphela phakathi kwe-HBL kunye ne-MBL yi ikhupha party. Ityala lendlu lempahla likhutshwa yi-NVOCC okanye umthumeli wempahla kwaye lidla ngokudwelisa owona mthumeli kunye nomthumeli. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-master bill of lading ikhutshwa ngumqhubi oyintloko ngokwayo-kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo idwelisa onke amaqela abandakanyekayo ekuthuthweni kwempahla.

Ukukhusela imithwalo ngamaxwebhu afanelekileyo okuthumela ngenqanawa

Xa uthumela ngenqanawa kumazwe ngamazwe, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba umthwalo ugqunywa ngawo onke amaxwebhu afanelekileyo kunye namaphepha. Ngaphandle kwe-bill of lading esebenzayo, imithwalo iya kuba semngciphekweni wokubanjwa ngabasemagunyeni okanye ukohlwaywa. Funda ngakumbi malunga amaxwebhu okuthumela ukufumana iimpahla apho zifuna ukuya khona ngokukhawuleza nangokukhuselekileyo!

Ngaba ujonge isisombululo solungiselelo kunye namaxabiso okukhuphisana, ukubonakala okupheleleyo, kunye nenkxaso yomthengi efikelelekayo? Jonga i Chovm.com Logistics Marketplace namhlanje.