Izizathu Ezi-5 Zokutshala Kumangqamuzana Amafutha E-Hydrogen

Njengoba igama liphakamisa, i-hydrogen fuel cell isebenzisa amandla e-hydrogen ukuze iqhube inqubo ye-electrochemical. I-hydrogen nomoya-mpilo kuhlangene kule nqubo ukukhiqiza amanzi namandla kagesi. Iwuhlobo olumsulwa lwamandla olunokushisa, amanzi, nogesi njengokuphela kwemikhiqizo yalo kanye nemikhiqizo yalo.

Amaseli kaphethiloli asiza izinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi, kungaba ezokuthutha noma ukunikezwa kwamandla okuphuthumayo. Ngokungafani nobuchwepheshe bendabuko obusekelwe ekushiseni, i-hydrogen uhlelo lwamandla isebenza kahle kakhulu futhi ayikhiphisi. Futhi, ithule ngesikhathi sokusebenza njengoba iqukethe izingxenye ezihambayo ezimbalwa kunobuchwepheshe bokuvutha.

Okuqukethwe
Isebenza kanjani i-hydrogen fuel cell?
Ikusasa lamandla e-hydrogen
Izizathu ezi-5 zokutshala imali kumaseli e-hydrogen fuel
Isiphetho

Isebenza kanjani i-hydrogen fuel cell?

Amaseli e-hydrogen fuel adalwa ukuze asebenzise amazinga e-hydrogen energy ukukhiqiza amandla. Amandla e-ionization we-hydrogen abhekwa njengaphansi ngoba kuthatha inani elincane lamandla ukuhlubula i-electron yebhondi ku-athomu ye-hydrogen. I-fuel cell ngayinye inama-electrode amabili-i-cathode enhle ne-anode engalungile. Ukukhiqizwa kukagesi kwenzeka kulawa ma-electrode lapho i-electrolyte ithwala izinhlayiya ezinamandla kagesi phakathi kwawo kanye ne-catalyst ukuze kusheshiswe ukusabela.

I-catalyst ku-anode iphula ama-molecule e-hydrogen abe ama-proton nama-electron. Ngamunye uthatha indlela ehlukile eya ku-cathode. Ama-electron adlula kumjikelezo wangaphandle enza ukugeleza kukagesi kuyilapho ama-proton efuduka nge-electrolyte eya ku-cathode. Ama-proton ahlangana nama-electron nomoya-mpilo ukuze akhiqize ukushisa namanzi.

Ikusasa lamandla e-hydrogen

I-hydrogen ehlanzekile njengamanje ithokozela ibhizinisi eliphelele kanye nomfutho wezepolitiki. Inani lamaphrojekthi emhlabeni wonke likhula ngokushesha, liphoqa amazwe ukuthi andise ubuchwepheshe bawo. Kubalulekile futhi ukwehlisa izindleko ukuze i-hydrogen yamukeleke kabanzi.

Ngokuvumelana ne Imibiko Yocwaningo Lombono, imakethe ye-hydrogen fuel cell kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele cishe ku-USD 68.06 billion ngo-2030. Kubikezelwa ukuthi izokhula ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esiyinhlanganisela (CAGR) esingu-69.5% kusukela ngo-2022 kuya ku-2030.

Abakhiqizi basebenzela ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-hydrogen njengoba ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu kudonsela ukunaka komhlaba wonke. Isidingo esikhulayo esivela ezimbonini zezimoto, ezokuxhumana, nezindawo zokuhlala nazo ziyizici ezibalulekile zokushayela. Lokhu kuholele ekusetshenzisweni okukhulayo kwasekhaya nokwezentengiselwano kwamandla e-hydrogen, okukhuthaza izinkampani zemboni yamandla ukuthi zitshale imali eyengeziwe kulo mkhakha. 

Izizathu ezi-5 zokutshala imali kumaseli e-hydrogen fuel

Amandla okukhipha i-Zero

Amandla e-hydrogen aneziro noma eziphansi ezikhishwayo kunamandla omlilo. I-hydrogen fuel cell ikhipha amanzi futhi inamandla okunqoba izinselele ezibucayi zesimo sezulu ngenxa yokuthi akukho kukhishwa kwekhabhoni.

Njengoba i-hydrogen fuel cell ingakhiqizi isisi esiyingozi, iqeda izindleko zokuphatha izinto ezinobuthi ezifana nodizili noketshezi lwebhethri. Futhi, uhlelo alunazo izinto ezingcolisa umoya ezikhiqiza intuthu noma ukudala izinkinga zempilo kubasebenzi abaku-hydrogen. I-power plant. Lezi zinzuzo ziye zaholela ekufakweni kwamaseli e-hydrogen fuel ezinhlelweni eziningi ezihlelwe kahle zokusimama kwebhizinisi.

Kunokwethenjelwa kakhulu

Ochwepheshe bezemvelo bayavuma ukuthi ama- hydrogen fuel cell awumthombo wamandla ohlanzekile, othule futhi onokwethenjelwa. Amaseli awadingi ukushajwa kabusha ngezikhathi ezithile njengamabhethri kodwa ayaqhubeka nokukhiqiza amandla inqobo nje uma umthombo wamafutha usasebenza. Ngenxa yokuthi ama-fuel cell akhiqiza ugesi ngokushintsha i-hydrogen ibe amandla ngamakhemikhali, angafinyelela ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kunezindlela ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza amandla njengezinjini zesitimu.

Ubuchwepheshe bamandla e-Hydrogen bufakazele ukuthi buthembekile ezimweni ezimbi, okuhlanganisa amazinga okushisa abandayo, iziphepho, neziphepho zasebusika. Ngokungafani ne-hydropower ne-biofuel, ukukhiqizwa kwamandla e-hydrogen akudingi indawo enkulu yomhlaba. I-NASA ibisebenzela ukusebenzisa i-hydrogen njengesisetshenziswa, ngamanzi akhiqizwe njengomkhiqizo wawo ozosetshenziswa njengamanzi okuphuza kosomkhathi.

Ukwenza ngcono ukusebenza

Ngokusho the UMnyango Wezamandla wase-US, amaseli e-hydrogen fuel acishe abe ngu-40-60% ayonga amandla. Lobu bubanzi buphambene nenjini evamile evuthayo yangaphakathi yemoto, esebenza kahle cishe ngo-25%.

Amaseli amafutha e-hydrogen ngokuvamile asebenza kahle kakhulu kuneminye imithombo yamandla, okuhlanganisa nezixazululo eziningi zamandla aluhlaza. Lokhu kusebenza kahle kwenza ukukhiqizwa kwamandla engeziwe ngeyunithi ngayinye kaphethiloli. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abakhiqizi bamangqamuzana kaphethiloli bagxile kumasu amasha okukhiqiza amandla e-hydrogen. Eminye yemizamo yabo ihlanganisa ukwakha ama-electrolyte e-membrane ye-ion-exchange ngokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe ngezindleko ezincishisiwe, amamodeli okuqonda ukwakheka kwesistimu nezimo zokusebenza, nokudala izitaki ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ngamandla alinganiselwe.

Izindleko zokusebenza eziphansi

Amandla e-hydrogen onga imali eningi kunezinhlelo zamandla asekelwe ekushiseni. Asikho isidingo sokushintsha noma ukushaja amabhethri, ukwehlisa izindleko ezilandelayo njengokusebenza, isikhala, nezindleko zesikhathi.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, imithombo yamandla efana nophethiloli, uwoyela, negesi yemvelo idinga izimboni ezinkulu zamandla ukuze zikhiqize. Izindleko zokusebenza zokuqhuba lezi zitshalo nazo ziphezulu ngoba zidinga abasebenzi ukuze basebenze esizeni ngenkuthalo.

I-hydrogen fuel cell icela ukulungiswa okulula kanye nokuvakasha kwesizinda okumbalwa, konga cishe u-84% wezindleko zokusebenza kunamajeneretha avuthayo amandla amile. Zithembeke kakhulu futhi zisebenza kahle, zigcina abasebenzi begxile emisebenzini yabo eyabelwe.

I-Scalable

I-scalability ingenye yezinzuzo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokusebenzisa amaseli e-hydrogen fuel. Lokhu kusho ukuthi i-fuel cell ngayinye ingahlanganiswa namanye ukuze kwakhe isitaki. Lezi zitaki zihlangana ukuze zenze uhlelo olujule kakhulu lokuguqula i-hydrogen ibe amandla.

Amaseli angase akhiwe ukuze afeze izimfuneko ezihlukahlukene. Angasetshenziselwa izinto eziphathwayo, ezokuthutha, noma iziteshi zikagesi ezimile. Lolu hlobo lokuhlukahluka kwe-a umthombo wamandla avuselelekayo kuyivelakancane, okwenza amandla e-hydrogen ahluke kakhulu phakathi kwamanye.

Isiphetho

Njengoba ubuchwepheshe buthuthuka, amaseli e-hydrogen fuel azothuthuka ezicini zawo futhi aqhubeke nokuhlinzeka ngamandla ochungechungeni olukhulu lwezinhlelo zokusebenza eziphathwayo nezimile. Bathambekele ekwehliseni ukuncika komhlaba wonke emafutheni ezinto ezimbiwa phansi futhi basize ekwenzeni intando yeningi ukunikezwa kwamandla emhlabeni jikelele. Ukwandisa ukwamukelwa kwamandla e-hydrogen kuzozuzisa amazwe amaningi asathembele ekutholakaleni kukaphethiloli wezinsalela ezimbiwa phansi.

Njengoba abantu abaningi abamukela amandla e-hydrogen njengomthombo wabo wamandla, abathengi bazofuna inhlobonhlobo yamaseli kaphethiloli we-hydrogen lapho benawo. Hlola Chovm.com ukuthola amaseli amafutha e-hydrogen ahlukene futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ahlangabezana nezidingo zamanje zemakethe.