Amathiphu angu-5 Okukhetha Umshini Wokushelela Ummbila Ongcono Kakhulu

Ukukhetha umshini wokusika ummbila ofanele kubalulekile kunoma yiliphi ibhizinisi elibhekene nokugaywa kommbila. Kungasho umehluko phakathi kwemisebenzi ephumelelayo nenenzuzo, kanye nesikhathi esibizayo sokwehlisa nokungasebenzi kahle. Kodwa-ke, ngezinketho eziningi emakethe, kungaba nzima ukunquma ukuthi yimuphi umshini ofanelana nezidingo zakho ezithile.

Kulo mhlahlandlela, sizohlola izici ezihlukahlukene okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa umshini wokusika ummbila futhi sixoxe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene zemishini yokusika ummbila etholakala emakethe.

Okuqukethwe
Ukukhula kwemakethe ye-maize sheller
Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga umshini wokugobela ummbila
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugoqa ummbila
Isiphetho sendaba

Ukukhula kwemakethe ye-maize sheller

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yabasheli bommbila kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngezinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika I-5.1% ngo-2030, kusukela enanini elilinganiselwe lama-US$ 0.8 billion ngo-2021. Ukukhula okukhulayo kwamagobolondo ommbila kungenxa yokwenyuka kwesidingo sommbila njengesithako esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kwesidlo sezilwane. Okunye okudalwe wukukhula kwemakethe yezigobolondo zommbila ukusebenza kahle okuthuthukisiwe kokucutshungulwa kwembewu kusetshenziswa imishini yesimanje. Lokhu-ke kuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwezimbewu ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokutshala nokunciphisa abasebenzi.

Okokugcina, ukwanda kokusetshenziswa kommbila ekukhiqizweni kwe-biofuels, ukukhula kwenani labantu, ukufudukela emadolobheni, kanye nokukhuphuka kwamazinga emali engenayo kubangela isidingo sommbila njengomthombo wokudla, ikakhulukazi emazweni asathuthuka. Ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo, abakhiqizi bathuthukisa amandla okukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bama-sheller. Isifunda sase-Asia-Pacific njengamanje sihamba phambili ezimakethe ngenxa yesidingo esikhulu sommbila emazweni afana neChina ne-India, okungabakhiqizi abakhulu nabathengi bommbila. Ukwanda kwabantu kanye nokukhuphuka kwamazinga emali engenayo kulawa mazwe kuqhuba isidingo sommbila njengesilimo sokudla, okuyiso esidala isidingo semishini yokugawula ummbila.

Izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe lapho uthenga umshini wokugobela ummbila

Ukukhetha izinto

Ukunquma ukuthi iyiphi impahla elungele igobolondo lommbila wakho, kufanele ihlangabezane nalezi zinto ezimbalwa ezilandelayo:

• Ihlala isikhathi eside ngokwanele ukumelana nokuguga nokuguguleka kommbila futhi igcine ubuqotho besakhiwo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala, ngaleyo ndlela idinga ukunakekelwa okuncane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Izinto ezingasindi zokunyakaza nokusetshenziswa kalula.
• Ukuhlanza kulula ukugcina inhlanzeko kanye nokukhucululwa kwendle kwemishini.
• Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nendawo yokusebenza enokhahlo. Ngokwesibonelo, uma izosetshenziswa endaweni emanzi, impahla kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nokugqwala nokugqwala.

Ukucatshangelwa kwedizayini

Idizayini iyisici esibalulekile okufanele sicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa isigodlo sommbila njengoba singathinta ukusebenza kahle, ukusebenziseka kalula, kanye nokusebenza ngokuphelele kwemishini. I-sheller eklanywe kahle kufanele ibe:

• Kulula ukuyisebenzisa nokuyinakekela, enemiyalo namalebula acacile.
• Vumela ukufinyelela kalula ezingxenyeni ezidinga ukuhlanzwa nokunakekelwa.
• I-ergonomic, ukuze i-sheller ikhululeke ukuyisebenzisa futhi inciphise ingozi yokulimala.
• Kuphephile, ukugwema noma yiziphi izingozi.

Amandla namandla omshini

Amandla namandla yizinto ezibalulekile ekunqumeni umshini omuhle wokugobela ummbila. A umshini onamandla ingakwazi ukugoqa ummbila omningi ngokushesha nangempumelelo, okubalulekile ekuhwebeni. Amandla omshini anganqunywa uhlobo lwenjini esetshenziswayo, ngezinketho ezisukela ezinjinini zikagesi, ezisebenza ngegesi, noma ezisebenza ngodizili. Umshini onamandla uzophinde ube nezinga eliphezulu lokubhoboza ngesivinini, elinganciphisa isikhathi sokuphumula nokwandisa umkhiqizo.

Isibonelo, umshini onesilinganiso samandla angu-1.5 kW ungakwazi ukucubungula ummbila ofinyelela ku-1000 kg ngehora, kanti umshini onamandla okulinganisa angu-2.5 kW ungakwazi ukucubungula kufike ku-1500 kg wommbila ngehora. Lokhu kukhombisa ukuthi uma izinga lamandla omshini wokugoqa ummbila liphezulu, lizoshesha futhi lisebenze kahle kakhulu ekugobheni ummbila.

Umshini one-a umthamo ophezulu uzokwazi ukuphatha umthamo omkhulu wommbila, obalulekile ekuhwebeni. Umthamo unqunywa usayizi we-hopper, isivinini sesigubhu esigoqayo, kanye nenani lamapuleti ama-shelling. Umshini onomthamo omkhulu uzoba ne-feed hopper enkulu ekwazi ukumumatha umthamo omkhulu wommbila, unciphise isidingo sokuphinda ulayishe kaningi.

Umthamo womshini uzophinde unqume isikhathi esidingekayo ukuze ugobe inani elithile lommbila, okubalulekile ukuhlangabezana nezinsuku zokugcina zokukhiqiza kanye nokwandisa ukusebenza kahle. Umshini onamandla angu-100 kg ungagaya ummbila ofinyelela ku-400 kg ngehora, kanti umshini onamandla angama-200 kg ungagaya kuze kufike ku-800 kg wommbila ngehora.

Isivinini sokujikeleza

Isivinini sokujikeleza sithinta ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza komshini. A isivinini sokujikeleza esiphezulu kusho ukuthi umpheki angagaya ummbila omningi ngesikhathi esifushane. Ukwenza isibonelo, umshini wokushela ummbila onejubane lokuzungeza elingu-400 RPM uzokhiqiza umthamo ophumayo ophezulu kunomshini onesivinini sokuzungeza esingu-200 RPM.

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi isivinini esiphezulu sokujikeleza singanyusa ingozi yokulimala kwezimbewu zommbila futhi singase sikhiqize imfucumfucu eyengeziwe.

Ukwengeza, uma ijubane liphezulu kakhulu, yithi 500RPM, lingase futhi libangele umshini ukudlidliza ngokweqile futhi kwenze kube nzima ukulawula. Ngakho-ke, kubalulekile ukukhetha i-sheller enesivinini esifanele sokujikeleza esilinganisa ukusebenza kahle nokuvikelwa kwe-kernel. Umshini wokushela ummbila onesivinini sokuzungeza esingu-400 RPM uthathwa njengofanelekile.

Imisebenzi eyengeziwe

Lokhu kubhekisela ezinqubweni ezengeziwe ezenziwa ngokuhambisana nomsebenzi omkhulu wokugobela ummbila. Angase ahlanganise:

• Ukuhlanza, ukugreda, nokuhlunga
• De-husking
• Ukufaka izikhwama kanye namashalofu

I-sheller enemisebenzi ehambisanayo eyakhelwe ngaphakathi inganciphisa kakhulu isikhathi nomsebenzi odingekayo kule misebenzi, ngaleyo ndlela yandise ukusebenza kahle. Ingase futhi yonge isikhala nezinsiza, iqede isidingo semishini ehlukene yomsebenzi ngamunye.

Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokugoqa ummbila

Amagobolondo ommbila we-hand-crank

Lezi izi amagobolondo ommbila asebenza ngesandla abasebenzisa indlela ye-hand-crank ukususa izinhlamvu kusikhwebu.

buhle

• Izindleko eziphansi
• Iyaphatheka kalula
• Ukugcinwa okuphansi
• Kulula ukusebenza

bawo

• Kudinga isikhathi esiningi nomsebenzi
• Umthamo ophansi; ayilungele ukusebenza kwezinga elikhulu
• Kudinga ukuzikhandla ngokomzimba
• Izici ezinomkhawulo

Izishebo zommbila zikagesi

Izishebo zommbila zikagesi zinikwa amandla kagesi futhi zisebenzisa izinjini ukushayela imisebenzi yokugoqa.

buhle

• Amazinga okuphuma aphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nama-sheller okwenziwa ngesandla
• Isidingo esiphansi somsebenzi
• Kuyavumelana; ukuhluka okuphansi kwekhwalithi yommbila ogotshwe
• Okuguquguqukayo - kungasetshenziswa kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lommbila, ubukhulu, namazinga omswakama

bawo

• Izindleko eziphakeme uma ziqhathaniswa nama-sheller okwenziwa ngesandla
• Idinga ukunakekelwa kanye nokulungiswa njalo
• Ingase ikhiphe umsindo ngenkathi i-shelling
• Mhlawumbe ingozi yokuphepha uma ingasebenzi kahle

PTO/ Amagobolondo ommbila kagandaganda

I-PTO (Ukuthatha Amandla) noma okushayelwa ngogandaganda izishebo zommbila zinikwa amandla ugandaganda noma olunye uhlobo lwempahla yasepulazini.

buhle

• Umthombo wamandla otholakala kalula
• Iselula futhi ingathuthelwa ezindaweni ezahlukene epulazini
• Umthamo ophezulu wokugoqa

bawo

• Ukunakekela nokulungiswa njalo kungase kubize
• Imisindo enkulu
• Enkulu futhi eningi
• Expensive

Izishebo zommbila ezizenzakalelayo

Lawa magobolondo ommbila asebenzisa inhlanganisela yamasistimu kagesi ukuze enze umsebenzi ngokuzenzakalelayo.

buhle

• Ngokushesha uma kuqhathaniswa nama-sheller okwenziwa ngesandla
• Ukuhluka okuncane kusayizi we-kernel noma ikhwalithi
• Ukonga abasebenzi
• Abanye bangase babe nakho I-automated ukuhlanza

bawo

• Kuyabiza ukuthenga nokunakekela
• Amandla angase angatholakali ezindaweni eziningi

Isiphetho sendaba

Ngokucabangela lezi zici ezingenhla, ungaqinisekisa ukuthi ukhetha umshini ofaneleka kahle ezidingweni zakho ezithile kanye nezidingo zakho, futhi ozokunikeza inani elingcono kakhulu lebhizinisi lakho.

Isibonelo, umshini wokusika ummbila ozenzakalelayo ohlanzwa ngokuzenzakalelayo kanye nezinhlelo zokugreda kungaba yinketho engcono kakhulu uma ibhizinisi lakho lidinga ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kahle. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uma ibhizinisi lakho lisendaweni enamandla kagesi alinganiselwe, umshini wokusika ummbila owenziwe ngesandla noma ozishintshayo kungaba yinto efanelekile kakhulu.