Njengoba singena ku-2024, imboni yezobuchwepheshe yabathengi ibhekene nezinselelo namathuba ajabulisayo. Kusukela ekukhuleni okusheshayo kobuhlakani bokwenziwa kuye esidingweni esiphuthumayo sezixazululo ezizinzile, amabhrendi kufanele azivumelanise ukuze ahlale encintisana futhi ahlangabezane nezidingo zabathengi eziguqukayo. Kulesi sihloko, sizongena ezindaweni ezinhlanu ezibalulekile okufanele zibe yizinto eziza kuqala ezinkampanini zobuchwepheshe zabathengi ngonyaka ozayo. Ngokugxila kulawa mathrendi, amabhrendi angaqhuba ukuqamba okusha, athuthukise ulwazi lwabasebenzisi, futhi anikele ekusaseni elizinzile.
Okuqukethwe
1. Utshalomali lwe-AI luyakhula
2. Ukufunwa kwe-AI kushayela ukuthuthuka kwe-chip
3. Ngaphandle kokuxhumana okusekelwe esikrinini
4. EV kanye nokushaja emisha
5. Ukuzungeza kwemakethe enkulu
1. Utshalomali lwe-AI luyakhula
Njengoba amazwe elwela ukuzibonakalisa njengabaholi be-AI, sibona ukwanda kokutshalwa kwezimali kukahulumeni nezinkampani ezizimele. Ukutshalwa kwezimali kwe-AI yaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi kufinyelele ku- $ 38.4 billion ngo-2027, kanti i-US ilindele ama-dollar ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-68.14 ekutshalweni kwezimali okuyimfihlo kwe-AI ngo-2024 kuphela. I-Europe nayo iyakhula, kanti i-European Commission ithembisa u-€1 billion ngonyaka kule minyaka eyishumi ezayo futhi ihlose ukuhlanganisa ama-euro ayizigidi eziyizinkulungwane ezingama-20 embonini ezimele.
Kodwa-ke, njengoba i-AI iqhubeka nokuthuthuka ngokushesha, kubalulekile ukuthi inqubekelaphambili ingakhiqizi ukuphepha nokuziphatha. Umthetho ozayo njengoMthetho we-EU we-AI, uMthethosivivinywa Wamalungelo we-AI wase-US, kanye nemithetho yaseShayina ihlose ukuqinisekisa intuthuko enomthwalo wemfanelo ngokubeka phambili ukubeka izinto obala, ukuvikelwa kwedatha, nokuziphendulela.
2. Ukufunwa kwe-AI kushayela ukuthuthuka kwe-chip
Isidingo esikhulayo samakhono e-AI senze ama-chips akhethekile abe yimpahla eshisayo emhlabeni wezobuchwepheshe. Ama-GPU, aklanyelwe imidwebo yekhompiyutha ekuqaleni, afakazele ukuthi angcono kakhulu ekuphatheni izibalo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidingwa amasistimu e-AI. Izizwe nezinkampani zigijimela ukuvikela lawa maships anamandla, amanye akhokha idola eliphezulu ukuze athole umkhawulo wokuncintisana.
Ezihamba phambili kuleli phakethe izinkampani ezifana ne-NVIDIA, Intel, ne-Qualcomm, ngayinye icindezela imingcele yokusebenza kwe-chip. I-chip ye-NVIDIA ye-H100, ithengiswa ngo-$40,000, kanye nomlandeli wayo ozayo we-GH200 babeka amazinga amasha. Ngaleso sikhathi, abacwaningi e-China benze i-chip ekwazi ukwenza imisebenzi ye-AI ngokushesha izikhathi ezingu-3,000 kune-NVIDIA's A100.
Njengoba imisebenzi ye-AI iqhubeka nokukhula, abenzi bama-chip nabo bagxile emakethe yabathengi, i-Intel, i-AMD, ne-NVIDIA ishayela ukuthuthukiswa kwama-PC anamandla e-AI. Lawa ma-“AI PC” anamandla okuguqula ikhompuyutha yomuntu siqu futhi aphefumule impilo entsha embonini.
3. Ngaphandle kokuxhumana okusekelwe esikrinini
Njengoba ukukhathazeka mayelana nesikhathi sesikrini kanye nesifiso sokusebenzisana okunembile sikhula, imboni yezobuchwepheshe idlulela ngale kokusebenzelana okungokwesiko okusekelwe kusikrini. I-UI engu-Zero, eyenza ukusebenzisana okungenasikrini ngokusebenzisa ukuthinta, izwi, nokubonwa kobuso, ivumela ubuchwepheshe ukuthi buhlangane ngaphandle komthungo ezimpilweni zethu.
Ukwethulwa kwe-Apple's Vision Pro ngo-2024 kusethelwe ukusunduza imingcele yezindawo zokuhlangana, ukuhlinzeka ngekhanvasi yezinto ezingokoqobo ezigqinsiwe. Ngaleso sikhathi, Iphinikhodi ye-AI ye-Humane ingenisa isizukulwane esilandelayo sezixhumanisi zezwi. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa akuthuthukisi nje kuphela ukuzizwisa komsebenzisi kodwa futhi kuthuthukisa ukufinyeleleka kwalabo abanamakhono ahlukahlukene.
Ukubona ngokugcwele amandla okuxhumana okungenasikrini, abaklami kufanele bathole izindlela zokushumeka ama-chip anamandla kumadivayisi agqokekayo, okubenza bakwazi ukuphatha izimfuno zombono wekhompyutha ne-AI.
4. EV kanye nokushaja emisha
Njengoba imakethe yezimoto zikagesi (i-EV) iqhubeka nokukhula, imboni kufanele igxile ekwenzeni amabhethri ukuthi asimeme futhi asebenzise amandla ngesikhathi inweba ingqalasizinda yokushaja. Ukwakhiwa kweziteshi eziningi zokushaja nokushintshanisa amabhethri kuzosiza ukubhekana nezinselelo zamanje, kanti iChina iyodwa kulindeleke ukuthi ibe neziteshi zokushaja ze-EV ezingaba yizigidi eziyi-14 ngo-2030.
Ukusungulwa kobuchwepheshe bebhethri, njengamabhethri esimo esiqinile kanye nophahla olunwebekayo lwelanga, kwenza ama-EV asebenziseke futhi afinyeleleke kalula. Ukusebenzisana kweToyota ne-Idemitsu Kosan kukhiqiza “amabhethri angunaphakade” angavumela izimoto ukuthi zihambe izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ngaphandle kokuma.
Ukugaywa kabusha kwebhethri kungenye indawo ebalulekile, lapho umkhakha kulindeleke ukuthi ukhule ufike ku-$95 billion njalo ngonyaka ngo-2040. Ingcindezi yokulawula kanye nezingxenye ezibalulekile ngaphakathi kwamabhethri e-EV kuqhuba ukuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo ezisebenza kahle kakhulu zokugaywa kabusha. Ukuphatha ukunikezwa kwezinto ezibalulekile njenge-lithium nakho kuzobaluleka, njengoba amazwe amaningana enza izinto ezibalulekile futhi azisungula njengabadlali abakhulu ekukhiqizeni ibhethri.
5. Ukuzungeza kwemakethe enkulu
Njengoba inkinga yesimo sezulu ishuba, ukwamukela izindlela eziyindilinga kuzobaluleka ukuvikela iplanethi. Ngaphezu kwengxenye yamabhizinisi amakhulu asevele azibophezele ekujikelezeni, kodwa kusenomsebenzi okufanele wenziwe ukuze izindlela ezizinzile zifinyeleleke kalula futhi zithengeke.
Amabhrendi kufanele alandele ukuhola kwezinkampani ezifana no-Bang & Olufsen, isikhulumi sayo se-Beosound Level esingesokuqala embonini ukuthola isitifiketi se-Cradle to Cradle, esibambelela ezimisweni eziqinile zezemvelo nezenhlalo kuwo wonke umjikelezo wayo wokuphila. Idizayini eyimojuli, njengoba ibonakala emikhiqizweni yepulasitiki egaywe kabusha ye-Gomi, yenza amadivayisi ahlakazeke kalula, alungiswe, futhi asetshenziswe kabusha.
Amabhrendi amakhudlwana angafunda ezinhlelweni zokusimama ezigqugquzelwa izinhlangano ezisemazingeni aphansi kanye nezincane. Ukwabelana ngezinsiza, amaphrojekthi omthombo ovulekile, nemizamo yokubambisana kuzosiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi abantu abaningi ngangokunokwenzeka bangazuza ezisombululweni ezisimeme. Ngokugxila ekusebenzeni kahle kwezinsiza kanye nokunciphisa imfucuza, imboni yezobuchwepheshe ingaba negalelo ohlelweni lokuvuselela oluvuselela futhi luvuselele iplanethi.
Isiphetho
Njengoba imboni yezobuchwepheshe yabathengi izulazula ezinseleleni namathuba ka-2024, amabhrendi abeka phambili ukuthuthuka kwe-AI, izisombululo ezisimeme, kanye nezindawo zokuhlangana ezintsha zizobekwa kahle ukuze ziphumelele. Ngokutshala imali ekuthuthukisweni kwe-AI yokuziphatha, ukweqa imingcele yokusebenza kwe-chip, ukuhlola izindlela ezintsha zokusebenzisana, nokwamukela izimiso zokuklama eziyindilinga, izinkampani zingakha imikhiqizo ethuthukisa ulwazi lwabasebenzisi, ithuthukise izinga lempilo, futhi ibe negalelo ekusaseni eliqine kakhulu nelivuselelekayo. Njengabathengi nabathengisi, ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana nalawa mathrendi kanye nemikhiqizo esekelayo ebeka phambili ukusungula izinto ezintsha nokusimama kungasiza ekuqhubekiseni izinguquko ezinhle embonini.
