I-Nanotechnology iguqula izinto zokupakisha, ivikele imikhiqizo ekonakalisweni nasekonakaleni kuyilapho inweba isikhathi seshalofu.
Esimeni esiguquguqukayo sokupakisha, lapho ukulondolozwa nokusimama kuyizinto ezikhathazayo kakhulu, i-nanotechnology ivela njengomngcele othembisayo. Ngamandla ayo okuguqula indlela imikhiqizo epakishwa ngayo, i-nanotechnology inikeza izinzuzo eziningi kusukela esikhathini esinwetshiwe sempilo yeshelufu kuya kuzakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zokuvimbela.
Ukubophela i-nanotechnology yezakhiwo ezithuthukisiwe zokuvimbela kanye nempilo yeshalofu kuhilela ukusebenzisa izinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu ezibizwa ngokuthi ama-nanoparticles ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwezinto zokupakisha.
Lawa ma-nanoparticles mancane kakhulu kangangokuthi angakha imigoqo evimbela izinto ezifana nomoya-mpilo kanye nomswakama ukuthi zingangeni emikhiqizweni ehlanganisiwe, ngaleyo ndlela zigcine zintsha isikhathi eside.
Ngokuhlanganisa i-nanotechnology emaphaketheni, abakhiqizi bangakha izinto ezivikela kangcono imikhiqizo, okuholela ekwandeni kwempilo yeshelufu kanye nokulondolozwa okuthuthukisiwe kokusha.
Ukuqonda i-nanotechnology emaphaketheni
I-Nanotechnology ihilela ukukhohlisa izinto esikalini se-athomu noma samangqamuzana, ngokuvamile phakathi kwebanga lama-nanometer angu-1 kuye kwayi-100. Emaphaketheni, i-nanotechnology ithola ukusetshenziswa ekwakhiweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezinto ezinezici ezithuthukisiwe.
Lezi zinto, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi ama-nanomaterials, zibonisa izici ezihlukile ngenxa yobukhulu bazo obuncane.
I-Nanotechnology isiza ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokupakisha ezinezakhiwo eziphakeme zokuthibela, ezibenza bakwazi ukuvikela ngempumelelo imikhiqizo ezintweni zangaphandle ezifana nomswakama, amagesi, nokungcola.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ama-nanomaterials anikezela ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene, okuvumela ukwenziwa ngokwezifiso ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezithile zokupakisha. Ama-nanomaterials ajwayelekile asetshenziswa ekufakweni afaka ama-nanoparticles, ama-nanocomposites, nama-nano-coatings.
Ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo zokuvimbela nge-nanotechnology
Enye yezinselelo eziyinhloko ekupakisheni ukugcina ubuqotho nobusha bezimpahla ezibolayo. Izinto zokupakisha ezivamile, nakuba zisebenza kahle ngokwezinga elithile, zingase zibe nephutha ekunikezeni isivikelo esanele ezicini ezifana komoyampilo kanye nokungena komswakama.
Yilapho i-nanotechnology ingena khona, inikeza izixazululo ezithuthukisa kakhulu izakhiwo zesithiyo.
Ama-nanocomposites, ngokwesibonelo, afaka ama-nanoparticles ezintweni ezijwayelekile zokupakisha ezifana namapulasitiki noma amafilimu. Lawa ma-nanoparticles enza imigoqo engangeneki, evimbela ukudlula kwamagesi nomswakama futhi ngaleyo ndlela andise isikhathi seshalofu semikhiqizo epakishiwe.
Ukwengeza, ama-nano-coatings angasetshenziswa ezindaweni zokupakisha ukuze kwakheke izithiyo ze-hydrophobic noma i-oleophobic, kuphinde kuvikelwe okuqukethwe ezingozini zemvelo.
Imithelela yokusimama nokuphepha kwabathengi
Ngaphandle kokwelula impilo yeshelufu kanye nokuthuthukisa izakhiwo zezivimbi, i-nanotechnology emaphaketheni inomthelela ekuzinzeni nokuphepha kwabathengi. Ngokwandisa ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo ehlanganisiwe, i-nanotechnology isiza ekunciphiseni ukumosheka kokudla, okukhathaza kakhulu umhlaba wonke.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kwama-nanomaterials kuvumela ukuthuthukiswa kokupakisha okuncane, okulula, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwezinto kanye nomthelela wemvelo.
Kodwa-ke, eceleni kwalezi zinzuzo, ukuphepha kwama-nanomaterials emaphaketheni kuhlala kuyisihloko sokubhekisiswa.
Nakuba izinhlangano ezilawulayo ezifana ne-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) zihlola ukuphepha kwama-nanomaterials asetshenziswa ezintweni zokuxhumana zokudla, ukukhathazeka kuyaqhubeka mayelana nezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona ezihlobene nokufuduka kwe-nanoparticle.
Ucwaningo oluqhubekayo kanye nokwengamela okuqinile kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhlanganiswa okunesibopho kwe-nanotechnology emaphaketheni.
Umbono we-nanotechnology emaphaketheni
I-Nanotechnology iveza ukuguquguquka kwepharadigm endaweni yokupakisha, ihlinzeka ngezixazululo ezibhekana nezinselele ezibucayi kuyilapho ivula indlela yezinqubo ezizinzile. Kusukela ekuthuthukiseni izakhiwo zezivimbi kuya ekunwetshweni kwesikhathi seshelufu, ukusetshenziswa kwe-nanotechnology emaphaketheni kukhulu futhi kuyathembisa.
Kodwa-ke, njenganoma yibuphi ubuchwepheshe obusafufusa, ukucatshangelwa ngokucophelela kokuphepha kanye nemithelela yemvelo kubalulekile.
Njengoba izimboni ziqhubeka nokuhlola amandla e-nanotechnology, ukusebenzisana phakathi kwabacwaningi, abakhiqizi, nama-ejensi alawulayo kuzoba ukhiye ekuvuleni izinzuzo zayo ezigcwele ngenkathi kunciphisa izingozi ezihlobene.
Ngokusebenzisa amandla e-nanotechnology ngokuzibophezela, ikusasa lokupakisha linesithembiso sokusebenza kahle okukhulu, ukusimama, kanye nokwaneliseka kwabathengi.
Umthombo ovela Isango Lokupakisha
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