Cishe u-60% wamakhasimende wamandla e-California afake isitoreji samandla ebhethri nokufakwa kwawo ophahleni lwelanga. Kodwa-ke, "ukwehla okuqhubekayo" kulindeleke emakethe.
I-California iguqule inqubomgomo yayo yelanga ephahleni ngo-Ephreli 15, 2023, yaqeda i-net energy metering (NEM) futhi yadlulela kusakhiwo se-net-billing tariff (NBT). Ushintsho lwehlise izinga elikhokhelwa amakhasimende ngokuthumela umkhiqizo wawo welanga oweqile kugridi cishe ngo-80%. Ngemva konyaka, i-Lawerence Berkeley National Laboratory (LNBL) ikhiphe umbiko ohlaziya izinguquko emakethe yelanga ephezu kophahla lombuso.
I-LNBL ithole ukuthi ukufakwa kwe-solar ophahleni e-California kwakucishe kulingane ngo-2023 kuya ku-2022. Kodwa-ke, u-80% wamasistimu afakiwe kwakuwukufakwa kwe-NEM 2.0 okuphuthuma emigqeni yokuxhumana ngaphambi komnqamulajuqu wango-April 15, 2023 ukuze kuvikelwe ukwakheka kwenani elinenzuzo enkulu. Kuze kube manje, cishe amasistimu angu-50,000 axhunywe ngaphansi kwesakhiwo esisha se-NBT, ngaphezu kwamasistimu we-NEM angu-200,000 axhumene ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Idatha evela ku-EnergySage, osebenza endaweni enkulu kunazo zonke zokuhlala e-solar quote site e-United States, "iphakamisa ukwehla okuqhubekayo," kusho umbiko.
Izicelo zengcaphuno ziye zanda phakathi newindi likaDisemba 2022-April 2023 phakathi kokumenyezelwa nokuqaliswa kwe-NBT. Kusukela lapho, izicelo zekhwothi zanyanga zonke zifinyelele cishe ku-60% wamazinga omlando (2019-21).
Ukwehla ngo-40% kwezicelo zamakhwothi zomlando “kuyinkomba ehamba phambili” yemisebenzi yemakethe futhi “mhlawumbe kuwuphawu olucacile nokho lokuwohloka kwemakethe okunamandla nokuqhubekayo,” kusho i-LNBL.
Ukuncipha okubalulekile kwemakethe yelanga elisophahleni akuwona umphumela ofanele eCalifornia, izwe elinezinhloso ezishibhile zamandla ahlanzekile kanye nenkinga yokungakwazi ukuthenga ugesi. Abaholi benhlangano yezohwebo baxwayise ngokuthi iCalifornia mancane amathuba okuthi ifinyelele izinhloso zayo zamandla ahlanzekile ngaphandle kweminikelo eqinile evela embonini yelanga elisophahleni.
Kodwa-ke, ukushintshela ku-NBT kudale eminye imiphumela e-California engase ifiseleke. Iphrofayili yesistimu efakiwe ishintshe kakhulu. Ngaphambi kwe-NBT, amakhasimende anamathisele isitoreji samandla ebhethri ngohlelo lwawo ophahleni cishe ngo-10% wokufakwa. Manje, ukufakwa kwe-post-NBT kufaka phakathi amabhethri u-60% wesikhathi.
Lokhu kubalulekile kuma-opharetha wegridi yase-California, abafuna ukulungisa ukungafani phakathi kokuphakelwa kukagesi ophehlwa yilanga kanye nezidingo zegridi. Lokhu kungafani, okuvamise ukumelelwa “ijika ledada,” bekulokhu kujula e-California, okubangela izinkinga zentengo nokugcinwa kwegridi, futhi kudala isidingo sezitshalo “eziphakeme kakhulu” zegesi yemvelo ukuze zisebenze izikhathi zokufunwa okuphezulu nesizukulwane esiphansi.
Izinga eliphezulu lokunamathiselwe kwebhethri linikeza amakhasimende izinzuzo ezithile, futhi. Nakuba intengo yesitikha iyonke ikhuphuka ngesistimu enamathiselwe ibhethri, imbuyiselo ekutshalweni kwayo ibe ngcono uma kuqhathaniswa nokufakwa kwelanga kuphela.
Abafaki babika isikhathi sokukhokha esimaphakathi seminyaka eyisishiyagalombili kumasistimu elanga anebhethri, kuyilapho amasistimu elanga azimele anesikhathi eside sokukhokha esimaphakathi esiyiminyaka engaba ngu-10. Ukugcinwa kwebhethri kuvumela amakhasimende ukuthi agcine ukukhiqizwa kwawo kusetshenziswa amandla elanga futhi akusebenzise lapho amanani egridi ephakeme kakhulu, kunokuba adayisele igridi ngamasenti ngedola ngezikhathi zantambama ezinelanga. Abanikazi bebhethri lelanga futhi banenketho yokunxeshezelwa ngokukhipha amandla ngesikhathi semicimbi yesidingo esiphezulu noma izimo eziphuthumayo, okungase kudalwe ukusakazwa okusha kwemali engenayo.
Amakhasimende anamabhethri nawo ayazuza ngokuba namandla ayisipele ngesikhathi sokucima kwegridi, okuseyisizathu sokuqala sokufaka amabhethri ezweni lonke, ngokocwaningo lwesifaki olwenziwa yiSolarReviews.
“Kusukela ngoNovemba 2023, ukufakwa kwezindawo zokuhlala sekufinyelele kumasistimu angu-5,000 ngenyanga, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili kwejubane lenyanga eminyakeni emithathu edlule,” kusho umbiko ovela kwa-LNBL.
Umbiko we-Berkeley Labs uphawule ushintsho ezindlekweni zokuxhasa ngezimali kumakhasimende ahlala elanga. Ezinyangeni zokugcina eziyi-12 ze-NEM, amanani obunikazi bezinkampani zangaphandle, okuhlanganisa nezinhlelo zesivumelwano sokuthenga amandla aqashisiwe, enze isilinganiso esingu-26% solar ozimele kanye no-11% kumasistimu elanga nesitoreji. Lokhu kukhuphuke kwafika ku-39% kuma-solar azimele kanye no-52% we-solar plus storage ngaphansi kwesistimu ye-NBT. Olunye lwalolu shintsho lungase ludalwe ukukhuphuka kwamazinga enzalo okudala imigomo yemalimboleko yamakhasimende okunzima ukuyigaya.
Ekugcineni, umbiko we-Berkeley Labs uphawule ukwanda kokuhlanganiswa emakethe yelanga elisophahleni lwaseCalifornia. Isabelo semakethe sabafaki abaphezulu abahlanu esifundazweni sikhuphuke sisuka ku-40% ngonyaka odlule we-NEM saya ku-51% ngonyaka wokuqala we-NBT.
Ngonyaka owodwa, kusobala ukuthi ushintsho ku-NBT luyiguqule kakhulu imboni yelanga elisophahleni lwaseCalifornia. Nokho, ukusilela emuva kwama-oda e-NEM anikezwayo ngo-2023 kwenze kungacaci ukuthi umphumela uwonke walolu shintsho lwenqubomgomo uzoletha ini. Lokhu kubeka inkundla yokuthi u-2024 ube yisisekelo esibalulekile sokufakazela impilo yale mboni.
“Lezi zimo, nezinye, ngokungangabazeki zizogxila kakhulu onyakeni olandelayo noma ngaphezulu, uma ukusilela emuva kwe-NEM sekusulwe ngokugcwele futhi sekuqala 'okujwayelekile okusha' ngaphansi kwe-NBT," kuphetha u-Galen Barbose, usosayensi wabasebenzi, i-LNBL.
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