I-Premium Platform Electric (PPE) yakwa-Audi, eyakhiwe ngokubambisana ne-Porsche, iyingxenye ebalulekile yokwandisa iphothifoliyo yomhlaba wonke yazo zonke izinhlobo zikagesi ze-Audi. Esizukulwaneni esilandelayo sezimoto zikagesi ezivela kwa-Audi, inkampani ithuthukise kabusha amamotho kagesi, amandla kagesi, ukudlulisa, kanye nebhethri elinamandla amakhulu kanye nazo zonke izingxenye ezihlobene, futhi yazivumelanisa ngokuqondile nezidingo zezimoto zikagesi zebhethri.
I-Audi Q6 e‑tron iyimodeli yokuqala yokukhiqiza ku-PPE. (Okuthunyelwe ngaphambilini.)
Izimoto. Zonke izingxenye ze-powertrain ze-PPE zenzelwe ukuthi zihlangane kakhulu kunamasistimu okushayela athuthukiswe futhi afakwe ngaphambilini, futhi agqama ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okuphezulu. Sekukonke, izinyathelo ezisebenza kahle ezizungeze izinjini ezintsha zikagesi ze-PPE zinika amandla amakhilomitha angama-40 webanga elengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa ne-Audi e-tron yesizukulwane sokuqala.
Emkhakheni wokukhiqiza, izinga lokuzenzakalela kanye nobubanzi obuqondile bokukhiqiza bukhule kakhulu. Amamotho kagesi amasha e-PPE adinga cishe isikhala esincane esingu-30% sokufakwa kunalawo amamodeli kagesi angaphambilini. Isisindo sabo sehliswe cishe ngama-20%.
I-PSM (uzibuthe unomphela i-synchronous motor) ku-axle yangemuva yochungechunge lwe-e-tron ye-Audi Q6 inobude obungamamilimitha angu-200. I-ASM (i-asynchronous motor) kwi-ekseli yangaphambili inobude obungamamilimitha ayi-100. Uma ingasetshenziswa, iyakwazi ukujikeleza ngokukhululeka ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa okukhulu kokudonsa.
Ukusonteka kwe-hairpin entsha kanye nesistimu yokupholisa ye-oil-spray eqondile ku-stator yemoto kagesi kunomthelela omkhulu ekusebenzeni kahle okuphezulu kwesistimu yokushayela. Isibonelo, isici sokugcwalisa senyuke safinyelela kumaphesenti angama-60 uma kuqhathaniswa namaphesenti angama-45 kumawindi ajwayelekile asetshenziswe ngaphambilini.
Iphampu kawoyela kagesi ekuhanjisweni nayo inomthelela ekwandeni kokusebenza kahle. Ngenxa yokupholisa uwoyela we-rotor, i-Audi ikwazile nokukhipha kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisindayo ezingavamile ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo ikhulisa ukuminyana kwamandla ngo-20%.
Amandla kagesi kanye nokudluliselwa kwe-PPE. I-electronics yamandla (i-inverter) ilawula injini kagesi futhi iguqula amandla akhona asuka ebhethri abe awamanje ashintshanayo. Idatha yokulawulwa okuqondile kwe-inverter inikezwa yikhompyutha yesizinda i-HCP1 (i-high-performance computing platform 1), enesibopho sohlelo lokushayela nokumiswa.
Ama-semiconductors e-silicon carbide afakwe enguqulweni enamandla kakhulu ye-inverter epholile ngamanzi. Ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwazo—amaphesenti angu-60 ngaphezulu—ziphumelela kakhulu ngaphansi komthwalo oyingxenye futhi zithembeke kakhulu. Ngenxa yalokho, baba negalelo elikhulu ekusebenzeni kahle nasekusebenzeni okuphezulu kwama-PPE kagesi motors. Inzuzo yobubanzi uma iqhathaniswa ne-silicon semiconductors ingamakhilomitha angama-20.
Ngenxa yesakhiwo esingu-800-volt, intambo encane ingase isetshenziselwe ukufaka izintambo zebhethri kanye nenjini kagesi. Lokhu kunciphisa indawo yokufaka, isisindo kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe. Ngenxa yokuthi isistimu ishisa kancane ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ukushisa okuphansi, isistimu yokupholisa nayo incane futhi isebenza kahle kakhulu. Ukudlulisa kusebenza nge-sump lubrication eyomile kanye nephampu kawoyela kagesi. Imibhobho fafaza amagiya ngqo. Lo mklamo unciphisa ukulahleka kokungqubuzana futhi unciphisa nendawo yokufaka.
Ukusebenza kokushaja. I-architecture engu-800-volt, edingekayo ukuze ishaje ephuma ku-270 kW, ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ekusebenzeni kokushaja okuphezulu. Ikhemikhali yeseli ithuthukisiwe ukuze ikwazi ukuthwala inani eliphezulu kangako. I-Audi ithi isizuze ibhalansi enkulu phakathi kokuminyana kwamandla nokusebenza kokushaja. Amaseli athuthukiswe ngokubambisana nomphakeli anikeza ukuminyana kwamandla aphezulu, okuqukethwe kwe-cobalt okuncishiswe kakhulu, nokumelana okuphansi kokusebenza kokushaja okungcono kakhulu.
Ngokungeziwe ekwakhiweni kwe-800-volt, ukuphathwa kwe-thermal okuhlakaniphile kwenza umnikelo obalulekile ekusebenzeni kokushaja okuphezulu kanye nempilo ende yesevisi yebhethri le-HV ku-PPE. Ingxenye ebaluleke kakhulu ukuphatha okushisayo okubikezelwayo, okusebenzisa idatha evela kusistimu yokuzulazula, umzila, isibali-sikhathi sokusuka kanye nokuziphatha kokusetshenziswa kwekhasimende ukuze kubalwe isidingo sokupholisa noma ukushisisa kusengaphambili nokuhlinzeka ngakho kokubili ngendlela ephumelelayo nangesikhathi esifanele.
Uma ikhasimende lishayela ukuyoshaja esiteshini sokushaja se-HPC esifakwe ekuhlelweni komzila, isistimu yokulawula ukushisa okubikezelayo izolungiselela inqubo yokushaja kwe-DC futhi ipholise noma ishisise ibhethri ukuze ikwazi ukushaja ngokushesha, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise isikhathi sokushaja. Uma kunokukhuphuka okuphakeme ngaphambili, isistimu yokuphatha okushisayo izolungisa ibhethri le-HV ngokupholisa okufanele ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulayisha okushisayo okuphezulu. Uma umshayeli ekhethe imodi yokusebenza kahle kumenyu yokukhetha idrayivu, isimo sebhethri sivulwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi futhi ibanga langempela lingandiswa kuye ngokuziphatha kokushayela. Kumodi eguquguqukayo, umgomo uwukusebenza kahle.
Kodwa-ke, uma isimo samanje sethrafikhi singakuvumeli ukushayela okuguquguqukayo, isistimu yokuphatha okushisayo izosabela kulokhu futhi inciphise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kwesimo sebhethri.
Isimo sokuthunyelwe nokuqhubekayo esinye isici esisha ohlelweni lokuphatha okushisayo lwe-PPE. Lolu hlelo lokusebenza luqapha izinga lokushisa lebhethri layo yonke impilo yesevisi ukuze kugcinwe ibhethri ezingeni eliphezulu lokushisa ngisho nalapho imoto imile—isibonelo, emazingeni okushisa angaphandle aphezulu kakhulu. Ukugeleza kokupholisa kwathuthukiswa ngokusebenzisa isimiso sokugeleza kwe-U ngaphansi kwamamojula ebhethri. Lokhu kuholela ku-homogeneity ephezulu yezinga lokushisa ngaphakathi kwebhethri-iqashwe izinzwa zokushisa ezingu-48-futhi ekugcineni ekulethweni kwamandla aphezulu nokusebenza kokumunca.
Njengoba inesimo sokushaja (SoC) esingaba ngu-10%, izimoto ezisochungechungeni lwe-e-tron ye-Audi Q6 zidinga imizuzu eyishumi nje esiteshini esisheshayo esinamandla amakhulu okushaja angu-270 kW ne-DC eshajayo ukukhiqiza ibanga elingafika kumakhilomitha angu-255 (158 miles) ngaphansi kwezimo ezikahle. Kuthatha imizuzu engu-21 ukuthi ibhethri le-HV lishajwe ukusuka ku-SoC yamaphesenti ayishumi kuya kumaphesenti angu-80. Iyunithi yokulawula yezokuxhumana, ebizwa ngokuthi i-Smart Actuator Charging Interface Device (SACID), isebenza njengesixhumi esibonakalayo ukuze kutholakale isixhumanisi phakathi kwesokhethi yokushaja nesiteshi sokushaja futhi idlulisele ulwazi olujwayelekile olungenayo kukhompyutha yesizinda se-HCP5.
Ukuphathwa kwezimoto ezishisayo. Isistimu yokulawula ukushisa kwemoto isiklanywe kabusha. Ukuze kunxeshezelwe ukusebenza kahle okwandisiwe ku-drivetrain kanye nomphumela wokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa ukushisa, iphampu yokushisa yamanzi-glycol yengezwe yiphampu yokushisa komoya. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngaphezu kokushisa kwemfucuza ekupholiseni kwemoto kagesi, amandla kagesi, nebhethri, umoya ozungezile ungasetshenziswa futhi njengomthombo wokushisisa wangaphakathi.
Ukushintshashintsha kwezinga lokushisa manje kusebenza ngokuqondile ngekhoyili yokushisisa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-heater engu-800-volt ye-PTC yomoya yathuthukiswa njengesengezo esisebenzayo, esiphinde sisekele ngokuqondile ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kwangaphakathi kuyunithi ye-air conditioning uma kwenzeka ukwanda kwezidingo zokushisa. Lokhu kugwema ukulahlekelwa ukushisa okuhlobene namasekhethi okushisa asekelwe emanzini.
Ukululama kanye namabhuleki e-friction.Njengomthetho, nge-PPE, cishe amaphesenti angama-95 ayo yonke inqubo yokubhuleka yansuku zonke ingakhandwa ngokululama, okungukuthi, ukubhuleka okuvuselelwayo ngamamotho kagesi. Ukusetshenziswa kwamabhuleki ezinganekwane ekuhlanganiseni amabhuleki kwenzeka ngokuhambisanayo kamuva noma ngokungavamile. Ku-PPE, umsebenzi wokululama nawo awusaphathwa uhlelo lokulawula amabhuleki, kodwa kunalokho kuphathwa i-HCP1, enye yamakhompyutha amahlanu asebenza kahle kakhulu emotweni, ebhekelele uhlelo lokushayela nokumiswa ku-PPE. Ngenxa yalokho, ithonya lesistimu yokushayela ohlelweni lokubhuleka liyakhula.
Ushintsho olusuka kubhuleki olwenziwa kabusha ludlulela kumasistimu kagesi ukuya ekubhulekeni ngomshini ngokusebenzisa amabhuleki e-hydraulically actuated friction brakes alusabonakali kumshayeli. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamabhuleki kuqinisekisa ukuzwa okulawulwa kahle nge-pedal echazwe ngokucacile, indawo yokucindezela engaguquki.
I-Intelligent Brake System (IBS) eyaziwa kumamodeli wangaphambilini we-e-tron isithuthuke kakhulu ku-Premium Platform Electric. Isibonelo, ukuhlanganisa amabhuleki e-axle-specific kungenzeka okokuqala ngqa.
Ukululama kuhlala ku-axle yangemuva njengoba kudingeka, kuyilapho ukucindezela kwe-hydraulic kukhiqizwa ku-axle yangaphambili. Njengenjwayelo kwa-Audi, kukhona inketho yokululama okunezigaba ezimbili, okukhethwa ngama-paddles esondweni lokuqondisa. Coasting nakho kungenzeka. Lapha i-SUV kagesi iginqika ngokukhululeka lapho unyawo lukhishwa ku-accelerator, ngaphandle kokudonsa okwengeziwe. Enye inketho ochungechungeni lwe-e-tron ye-Audi Q6 imodi yokushayela "B," esondela kakhulu kulokho okubizwa ngokuthi "umuzwa we-pedal eyodwa."
E³ 1.2 i-electronic architecture. Ngomklamo omusha we-elekthronikhi we-E3 1.2, amakhasimende akwa-Audi athola izinzuzo zedijithali yezimoto ngokushesha kunangaphambili. I-E³ yenza kube nokwenzeka ukukhulisa inombolo, usayizi nokucaca kwezikrini ezimotweni. Iphinde yakhelwe ukubuyekezwa okungenantambo (emoyeni) kanye nokwengezwa kwezici ezintsha, ngokwesibonelo, ngokunikela nge-Functions on Demand.
Ochungechungeni lwe-e-tron lwe-Q6, i-Audi yethula inkundla ye-infotainment entsha ngokuphelele, esezingeni esekelwe ku-Android Automotive. Imisebenzi eminingi yezimoto ingalawulwa kusetshenziswa umsizi wedijithali we-Audi, umsizi wezwi ozifundelayo. I-digital assistant ihlanganiswe ngokujulile emotweni futhi ibonakala kusetshenziswa isithombe kudeshibhodi (Ideshibhodi Yomsizi we-Audi) kanye nesibonisi se-augmented-reality head-up ngokokuqala ngqa. Ngesitolo sezinhlelo zokusebenza zezinkampani zangaphandle, abasebenzisi bangaphinda basebenzise izinhlelo zabo zokusebenza abazintandokazi ku-ecosystem yabo yedijithali ngokuqondile kusibonisi semoto.
Isitolo sinikeza amakhasimende ukufinyelela ezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza, ezingafakwa ku-MMI ngokuqondile ngaphandle kokudinga ukusetshenziswa kwama-smartphones abo. Ekuqaleni, izicelo ezivela ezigabeni ezilandelayo zizotholakala: Umculo, Ividiyo, Amageyimu, Ukuzulazula, Ukupaka Nokushaja, Ukukhiqiza, Isimo Sezulu Nezindaba. Isigaba somculo, isibonelo, sihlanganisa izinhlelo zokusebenza ezifana ne-Amazon Music ne-Spotify. Isitolo sizonwetshwa ngokuzayo. Ingakhethwa ngethayela elihlukile ku-MMI. Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezengeziwe zizobe sezihlanganiswa ngaphandle komthungo ku-MMI futhi zizotholakala ukuze zisetshenziswe ngendlela evikelekile futhi enokwethenjelwa phakathi nohambo. Iphothifoliyo yohlelo lokusebenza enikezwayo iqondene nemakethe ngayinye. Isixhumi esibonakalayo se-smartphone ye-Audi esijwayelekile sokuhlanganisa i-Apple CarPlay ne-Android Auto siyatholakala ochungechungeni lwe-e-tron lwe-Q6.
Isakhiwo se-elekthronikhi esingabekezeleleka futhi esifakazela isikhathi esizayo sivumela i-Audi ukuthi inikeze amamodeli ezimoto ahlukahlukene kanye nokuphuma kokunye ngesisekelo se-elekthronikhi esimisiwe. Le ndlela inciphisa ubunkimbinkimbi kukho kokubili ukuthuthukiswa nokukhiqizwa futhi idale umnotho owengeziwe wesilinganiso. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-architecture entsha ye-elekthronikhi yakha isisekelo sezinto ezintsha ezizayo. Ukuvikeleka (ukuphepha ngedizayini) namandla okubuyekeza kusekelwe ekwakhiweni kwezakhiwo zisuka nje.
Ukudluliswa kwemisebenzi kusuka ezingeni le-sensor-actuator kuya ezingeni lekhompiyutha, okungukuthi, ukwanda kokuhlukaniswa kwehadiwe nesofthiwe, kuzokwenza kube nokwenzeka ukubhekana nobunzima obandayo eminyakeni ezayo ngokuphepha.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwakugxile ekusebenzeni okuphezulu nokuvikelekile kwamakhompiyutha wesizinda, amayunithi okulawula, izinzwa nama-actuator. Amakhompiyutha amahlanu asebenza kahle kakhulu, aziwa ngokuthi i-Audi high-performance computing platform (HCP) akha isimiso sezinzwa esimaphakathi se-E3 1.2. Yonke imisebenzi yezimoto yabelwe ama-HCP ahlukahlukene ngokwesizinda. I-Audi ixhumanisa amasistimu emoto ngayinye namaphrothokholi ajwayelekile ezimoto kanye ne-Gigabit Ethernet.
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