Umthamo wempahla ongenayo nyanga zonke emachwebeni amakhulu wesitsha sase-US ubikezelwa ukuthi uzofinyelela izinga eliphezulu kakhulu kusukela ngo-2022 kuleli hlobo, uqhutshwa ukusetshenziswa okuqinile kwabathengi kanye nabathengisi abagcina isizini ephezulu.
Embikweni wakamuva we-Global Port Tracker okhishwe yi-National Retail Federation (NRF) kanye ne-Hackett Associates, u-Jonathan Gold, iphini likamongameli we-NRF wenqubomgomo yezokuthengwa kwempahla kanye nentela yempahla, uthe ukukhuphuka okulindelekile ekuthengisweni kwempahla yase-US ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwemali okuqhubekayo kwabathengi kanye nabathengisi abagcwalisa kabusha uhlu lwamagama ngaphambi kwenkathi ephezulu yokuthunyelwa kwemikhumbi.
“Izinga eliphezulu lokungeniswa kwamanye amazwe elilindeleke ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezizayo liwuphawu olukhuthazayo lokuthi abathengisi bayazethemba ekuthengisweni okuqinile phakathi nonyaka osele,” kusho uGold. “Ngeshwa, abathengisi nabo baphinde babhekane nezinselelo ze-supply chain, kulokhu njengoba kunesiminyaminya emachwebeni aphesheya okuthinta ukusebenza kanye namanani okuthumela ngemikhumbi.”
U-Ben Hackett, umsunguli we-Hackett Associates ubikezela isilinganiso sezinyanga eziyisikhombisa samazinga okungenisa impahla aseMelika angaphezu kwezigidi ezi-2 zamayunithi angama-Twenty-Foot Equivalent Units (TEU) - okuyingqopha-mlando efinyelelwe kabili kuphela kusukela ngo-Okthoba 2022 - ngokwengxenye ngenxa yamashifu "inkathi ephezulu" yonyaka yokuthutha.
"Ukungeniswa kwezimpahla ezifakwe emabhokisini emachwebeni aseMelika kuyadlondlobala, nokukhula okuqinile ogwini oluseNtshonalanga," kuchaza uHackett. "Eminyakeni embalwa edlule, sibone isizini ephakeme enwebekile eye yandisa umthamo wokuthengwa kwempahla kwamanye amazwe phakathi nezinyanga ezengeziwe uma kuqhathaniswa nokwanda okuqinile, okuhlanganisiwe okubonwe esikhathini esidlule."
Ubalule izinto ezinjengokubuyisela kabusha abathengisi ngemuva kokuthengiswa okuqinile kwangemva kobhubhane, imizamo yokunciphisa ukukhuphuka kwentela obekulindelwe ezimpahleni zaseChina ngo-Agasti, nokuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlu lwamagama lwanele ukuhlangabezana nesidingo sabathengi esiqinile ngesikhathi samaholide.
Amachweba ase-US ambozwe yi-Global Port Tracker aphathe i-TEU eyizigidi ezingu-2.02 - isitsha esisodwa esingamamitha angu-20 noma okufana naso - ngo-April, inyanga yakamuva okutholakala ngayo izinombolo zokugcina. Lokho bekukhuphuke ngo-4.6% kusukela ngoMashi futhi kwakhuphuka ngo-13.2% unyaka nonyaka futhi kwakuyinani eliphakeme kakhulu kusukela ezigidini ezingu-2.06 ze-TEU ngo-Okthoba odlule.
Nakuba izinombolo zikaMeyi zisazobikwa, ukuqagela kubonisa ukukhuphuka okufika ezigidini ezingu-2.09 ze-TEU, okukhuphuke ngo-8.3% unyaka nonyaka nezinga eliphezulu kakhulu kusukela ngo-August 2022.
UJuni ubikezelwa ukuthi uzodlula izigidi ezingu-2.11 ze-TEU, okuwukunyuka ngo-15.2% unyaka nonyaka, njengoba uJulayi, u-August, no-September nakho kulindeleke ukuthi kugcinwe amanani aphakeme avela kwamanye amazwe.
I-NRF ilindele ukuthi ingxenye yokuqala ka-2024 ibe yinani eliphelele le-TEU eyizigidi ezingu-12.1, inyuke ngo-15% kusukela esikhathini esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, njengoba inhlangano ibikezela ukukhula kokuthengisa okuyinhloko ngo-2.5% kuya ku-3.5% emazingeni ka-2023.
Ngokwezibalo zakamuva ze-United States Office of Textile and Apparel (OTEXA) ukuthengwa kwezimpahla zase-US ezivela e-Ethiopia kwehle kakhulu cishe ngama-40% phakathi kuka-April 2023 no-April 2024.
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