Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamamodemu e-inthanethi ikhula ngokushesha, iqhutshwa intuthuko kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokuxhuma ngesivinini esikhulu. Ngo-2030, imakethe yemodemu yekhebula iyodwa kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ku-USD 11.8 billion, okubonisa i-CAGR ka-5.5%. Kubathengi bebhizinisi, ukuqonda amathrendi akamuva kanye nezici ezibalulekile ekukhethweni kwemodemu kubalulekile ukuze uhlale uncintisana.
Okuqukethwe:
– Ukuhlaziywa Okuningiliziwe Kwemakethe Yemodemu Ye-inthanethi
- Izinto Ezibalulekile Lapho Ukhetha Amamodemu e-inthanethi
- Izici Zobuchwepheshe Bamuva Kumamodemu e-inthanethi
- Ibanga lentengo kanye nokucatshangelwa kwesabelomali
- Ukuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa kwekusasa
- Isiphetho
Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe lwamamodemu e-inthanethi
Imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamamodemu e-inthanethi ibone ukukhula okuphawulekayo eminyakeni yamuva. Amasegimenti ahlukahlukene, njenge-ISDN, umsakazo, ikhebuli, namamodemu eselula, abe negalelo kulokhu kwandiswa. Imakethe yemodemu ye-ISDN yalinganiselwa ku-USD 65.096 wezigidi ngonyaka ka-2021 futhi kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngenxa yentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo sokuxhumana okungcono. Imakethe yemodemu yekhebula kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule isuka ku-USD 8.1 billion ngo-2023 iye ku-USD 11.8 billion ngo-2030, nge-CAGR ka-5.5%.
Imakethe yemodemu yamaselula nayo isendleleni yokukhula eqinile, okulindeleke ukuthi ikhuphuke isuka ku-USD 10.88 billion ngo-2023 iye ku-USD 27.41 billion ngo-2030, iqhutshwa ukwamukelwa kobuchwepheshe be-5G. Imakethe yemodemu yomsakazo ibikezelwa ukuthi izokhula ku-CAGR ka-9.79%, ifinyelele ku-USD 1,273.279 million ngo-2028. Lezi zibalo zigqamisa ukuthembela okwandayo ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi okuqinile emikhakheni eyahlukene.
Ukuhlaziywa Okuningiliziwe Kwemakethe Yemodemu Ye-inthanethi
Amabhentshimakhi Okusebenza Okubalulekile kanye Nezimakethe Zokwabelana Ngezimakethe
Amamodemu e-inthanethi ayahlolwa ngokusekelwe kusivinini sokudluliswa kwedatha, ikhwalithi yesiginali, nokubambezeleka. Isibonelo, amamodemu e-ISDN anikezela ngezilinganiso zokudluliswa kwedatha ezifika ku-128 kbps, okushesha kakhulu kunolayini befoni be-analog bendabuko. Amamodemu ekhebula, afakelwe ubuchwepheshe be-DOCSIS 3.1, angaletha isivinini se-gigabit, ahlangabezane nezidingo eziphezulu zokusakaza nokudlala ku-inthanethi.
Amandla okwabelana ngemakethe akhombisa ukuthi iNyakatho Melika ibamba ingxenye enkulu yemakethe yemodemu ye-ISDN, eqhutshwa ukufunwa okuvela emikhakheni yebhizinisi neyemidlalo. Ngokufanayo, izifunda ezinengqalasizinda ethuthukisiwe ye-broadband, njenge-United States ne-China, ziphethe imakethe yemodemu yamakhebula. Ukwamukelwa ngokushesha kobuchwepheshe be-5G, ikakhulukazi ezifundeni zaseMelika nase-Asia-Pacific, kukhuthaza ukukhula kwemakethe yemodemu yamaselula.
Imithelela Yezomnotho kanye Nokushintsha Kokuziphatha Kwabathengi
Ukwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali kwingqalasizinda yezokuxhumana kanye nokwanda kwamadivayisi ahlakaniphile kuqhuba isidingo samamodemu e-inthanethi. Ushintsho olubheke emsebenzini okude kanye nemfundo ye-inthanethi buye lwasheshisa isidingo se-inthanethi ethembekile, enesivinini esikhulu. Lo mkhuba ubonakala ekwandeni okukhulayo kwamamodemu ekhebula ezindlini kanye nokusetshenziswa okukhulayo kwamamodemu e-ISDN emabhizinisini amancane.
Abathengi manje bancamela amamodemu athuthukile asekela amadivayisi amaningi axhunyiwe ngesikhathi esisodwa. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-Wi-Fi 6 kumamodemu ekhebula kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwamamodemu eselula anikwe amandla i-5G kubhekana nalezi zidingo eziguqukayo. Ukwengeza, isidingo sokuxhunywa kokubambezeleka okuphansi kwemidlalo ye-inthanethi nezingcingo ze-VoIP sikhuphula imakethe ye-ISDN namamodemu omsakazo.
Izintandokazi Zesiteshi Sokusabalalisa kanye Nezinto Ezintsha Zakamuva
Iziteshi zokusabalalisa zamamodemu e-inthanethi zihlanganisa kokubili izinkundla eziku-inthanethi nezingaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi. Kunokuthandwa okukhulayo kweziteshi eziku-inthanethi ngenxa yokusebenziseka kwazo kanye nohlu olubanzi lwezinketho. Izinto ezintsha zakamuva zifaka i-Sonim USB 4G LTE + Wi-Fi Modem W100, enikezela ngoxhumano oluphephile nolungabizi kakhulu kumabhizinisi nakubathengi.
Ukuthuthukiswa kwemodemu ye-Black ICE Software Defined Radio (SDR) yi-Viasat Inc. ibonisa intuthuko ekudlulisweni kwedatha okuphephile kwemisebenzi ebalulekile yenjongo. Ukuhlanganiswa kwe-DOCSIS 3.1 ne-Wi-Fi 6 kumamodemu ekhebula, kanye nokukhishwa kobuchwepheshe be-5G, izinto ezintsha ezibalulekile eziqhubekisela phambili imakethe.
Imakethe yemodemu ye-inthanethi ihlelelwe ukukhula okukhulu, iqhutshwa ukuthuthuka kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nesidingo esikhulayo sokuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okunesivinini esikhulu, okuthembekile. Izigaba ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi i-ISDN, umsakazo, ikhebula, namamodemu eselula, abhekelela izidingo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezahlukahlukene zabathengi. Njengoba isimo sedijithali sithuthuka, ukwamukelwa kwamamodemu athuthukile kuzodlala indima ebalulekile ekuhlangabezaneni nezidingo zokuxhumana zabo bobabili abasebenzisi bezindawo zokuhlala nabathengisayo.
Izinto Ezibalulekile Lapho Ukhetha Amamodemu e-Inthanethi
Ukukhetha imodemu ye-inthanethi efanele kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni uxhumano lwe-inthanethi oluthembekile nolushesha kakhulu. Kudingeka kubhekwe izici eziningana ukuze wenze isinqumo unolwazi. Ngezansi izinto ezibalulekile okufanele uzikhumbule lapho ukhetha imodemu ye-inthanethi, ngayinye kuxoxwa ngayo ngokuningiliziwe.
Izinhlobo zamamodemu e-inthanethi
Amamodemu e-inthanethi eza ngezinhlobo ezahlukene, ngayinye ifanele izinhlobo ezahlukene zokuxhuma ku-inthanethi. Izinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa amamodemu e-DSL, amamodemu ekhebula, namamodemu e-fiber optic.
Amamodemu e-DSL: Lawa mamodemu adizayinelwe ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi kwe-Digital Subscriber Line (DSL), esebenzisa izintambo zocingo ezikhona ukudlulisa idatha. Ngokuvamile awabizi futhi afanele abasebenzisi abanezidingo eziyisisekelo ze-inthanethi. Nokho, banikeza isivinini esinensayo uma kuqhathaniswa nekhebula ne-fiber optic modem, ngokuvamile esukela ku-1 Mbps kuya ku-100 Mbps.
Amamodemu ekhebula: Amamodemu ekhebula asetshenziswa namasevisi e-inthanethi ekhebula, asebenzisa izintambo ezifanayo ezihambisa umabonakude wekhebula. Lawa mamodemu ahlinzeka ngesivinini esiphezulu kunamamodemu e-DSL, ngokuvamile afinyelela ku-1 Gbps. Zidumile ezindlini ezinamadivaysi amaningi kanye nemisebenzi edinga umkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, njengokusakaza-bukhoma nokudlala ku-inthanethi.
Amamodemu eFiber Optic: Eyaziwa nangokuthi Izikhumulo zenethiwekhi ye-Optical (ONTs), lawa mamodemu asetshenziswa ngoxhumo lwe-inthanethi lwe-fiber optic. Banikeza isivinini se-inthanethi esisheshayo esitholakalayo, ngokuvamile esidlula i-1 Gbps. Alungele abasebenzisi abadinga i-inthanethi enesivinini esiphezulu kakhulu ngemisebenzi efana nokusakaza kwe-4K, ukulayishwa kwamafayela amakhulu, nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezisekelwe emafini.
Ukusebenza nesivinini
Ukusebenza nesivinini semodemu ye-inthanethi yizinto ezibalulekile ezithinta ukuzizwisa kwakho kwe-inthanethi. Lapho uhlola amamodemu, cabanga ngokucaciswa okulandelayo:
Landa futhi Ulayishe Isivinini: Lezi yizivinini eziphezulu lapho idatha ingalandwa futhi ilayishwe kusetshenziswa imodemu. Kubalulekile ukukhetha imodemu esekela isivinini esiphezulu kunohlelo lwakho lwe-inthanethi ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza kahle. Isibonelo, uma unohlelo lwe-inthanethi lwe-gigabit, udinga imodemu ekwazi ukuphatha isivinini esingafika ku-1 Gbps noma ngaphezulu.
I-Channel Bonding: Lobu buchwepheshe buvumela amamodemu ukuthi asebenzise iziteshi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa ukukhulisa amanani okudlulisa idatha. Amamodemu anekhono eliphakeme lokubopha iziteshi (isb., 32×8 yamamodemu ekhebula) angaphatha ithrafikhi eyengeziwe futhi anikeze ukuxhumana okusheshayo, okuthembeke kakhulu.
Ukubambezeleka: Ukubambezeleka okuphansi kubalulekile emisebenzini edinga ukusebenzisana kwesikhathi sangempela, njengokudlala ku-inthanethi kanye nenkomfa ngevidiyo. Amamodemu e-Fiber optic ngokuvamile anikezela ngokubambezeleka okuphansi kakhulu, okulandelwa amamodemu ekhebula namamodemu e-DSL.
Ukuhambisana Nabahlinzeki Besevisi Ye-inthanethi (ISPs)
Akuwona wonke amamodemu ahambisana nayo yonke i-ISP. Ngaphambi kokuthenga imodemu, qinisekisa ukuthi ivunywe yi-ISP yakho. Ama-ISP amaningi ahlinzeka ngohlu lwamamodemu ahambisanayo kumawebhusayithi awo. Ukusebenzisa imodemu engagunyazwanga kungase kubangele ukusebenza okuphansi noma ngisho nokungakwazi ukuxhuma ku-inthanethi.
Uhlu Oluhambisanayo lwe-ISP: Hlola iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ye-ISP noma uthinte ukwesekwa kwamakhasimende abo ukuze uthole uhlu lwamamodemu ahambisanayo. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi imodemu oyikhethayo izosebenza ngaphandle komthungo nesevisi yakho ye-inthanethi.
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Firmware: Qinisekisa ukuthi imodemu ingathola izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezivela ku-ISP. Izibuyekezo ze-Firmware zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuphepha, ukusebenza, nokuhambisana nobuchwepheshe obusha.
Yakha Ikhwalithi Nokuqina
Ikhwalithi yokwakha nokuqina kwemodemu kunquma ubude bayo bempilo nokwethembeka. Ukutshala imali kumodemu eyakhiwe kahle kungakusindisa ekushintsheni okuvamile kanye nezinkinga ezingaba khona zokuxhuma.
Izinto zokwakha: Bheka amamodemu enziwe ngezinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu ezingamelana nokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke kanye nezici zemvelo. Ama-casings ensimbi ngokuvamile ahlala isikhathi eside kunepulasitiki.
Ukukhipha Ukushisa: Ukungena komoya ngendlela efanele kanye nokukhishwa kokushisa kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukushisa ngokweqile, okungaholela ekonakaleni kokusebenza kanye nokwehluleka kwehardware. Khetha imodemu enezikhala zokungenisa umoya ezanele futhi, uma kungenzeka, izindlela zokupholisa ezakhelwe ngaphakathi.
Izici Zokuphepha
Ukuphepha kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile lapho ukhetha imodemu ye-inthanethi. Amamodemu anezici zokuphepha eziqinile angavikela inethiwekhi yakho ekufinyeleleni okungagunyaziwe nasezinsongweni ze-inthanethi.
Ukubethela: Qinisekisa ukuthi imodemu isekela izindinganiso ezithuthukisiwe zokubethela, njenge-WPA3, ukuze uvikele uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi ngokumelene nokuphulwa okungenzeka.
I-Firewall: I-firewall eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ingeza isendlalelo esengeziwe sokuvikela ngokuqapha nokulawula ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi engenayo nephumayo ngokusekelwe emithethweni yokuphepha enqunywe kusengaphambili.
Izibuyekezo ze-Firmware ezizenzakalelayo: Amamodemu athola izibuyekezo ze-firmware ezizenzakalelayo akuhlomele kangcono ukubhekana nezinsongo zokuphepha ezivelayo. Izibuyekezo ezivamile ziqinisekisa ukuthi isofthiwe yemodemu ihambisana nezindaba zakamuva zokuvikeleka.
Izici Zobuchwepheshe Bamuva Kumamodemu E-inthanethi
Imboni yemodemu ye-inthanethi ithuthuka ngokuqhubekayo, nezici ezintsha zobuchwepheshe ezethulwa ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza nolwazi lomsebenzisi. Nazi ezinye izici zobuchwepheshe zakamuva ongazibheka kumamodemu e-inthanethi.
I-DOCSIS 3.1
I-Data Over Cable Service Interface Specification (DOCSIS) 3.1 iyindinganiso yakamuva yamamodemu ekhebula, enikeza ukuthuthukiswa okuphawulekayo kuneyandulelayo, i-DOCSIS 3.0. Amamodemu e-DOCSIS 3.1 ahlinzeka ngesivinini esisheshayo, ukusebenza kahle kwenethiwekhi okungcono, nokuthembeka okuthuthukisiwe.
Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesivinini: Amamodemu e-DOCSIS 3.1 angakwazi ukusekela isivinini esifika ku-10 Gbps ezansi nomfula kanye ne-1 Gbps phezulu nomfula, okuwenza alungele izinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu kanye nokuqinisekisa esikhathini esizayo uxhumano lwakho lwe-inthanethi.
Ubuchwepheshe be-OFDMA: I-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) ivumela ukusetshenziswa ngokuphumelelayo komkhawulokudonsa otholakalayo, ukunciphisa ukubambezeleka nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kumanethiwekhi aminyene.
I-Wi-Fi 6 ne-Wi-Fi 6E
I-Wi-Fi 6 (802.11ax) ne-Wi-Fi 6E ingamazinga akamuva angenantambo, anikeza isivinini esisheshayo, ukubambezeleka okuphansi, nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe ezindaweni eziminyene. Amamodemu anamarutha akhelwe ngaphakathi e-Wi-Fi 6 noma e-Wi-Fi 6E ahlinzeka ngezinzuzo ezimbalwa:
Isivinini Esikhulisiwe kanye Nomthamo: I-Wi-Fi 6 ne-Wi-Fi 6E ingaletha isivinini esifika ku-9.6 Gbps, ithwale amadivayisi amaningi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezinomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu ngaphandle kokuphazamisa ukusebenza.
Ukusebenza Okuthuthukisiwe: Ubuchwepheshe obufana ne-MU-MIMO ne-OFDMA buthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwenethiwekhi ngokuvumela amadivaysi amaningi ukuthi axhumane ngesikhathi esisodwa, ehlisa ukubambezeleka nokuminyana.
Ibanga Elandisiwe: I-Wi-Fi 6E isebenza kubhendi ye-6 GHz, ihlinzeka ngamashaneli engeziwe futhi inciphisa ukuphazamiseka kwamanye amadivaysi, okuholela ekumbozweni nasekuxhumekeni okungcono.
I-Mesh Networking
Ubuchwepheshe benethiwekhi ye-Mesh buvumela amadivayisi amaningi ukuthi asebenze ndawonye ukuze akhe inethiwekhi ye-Wi-Fi engenamthungo nebanzi. Amamodemu anekhono lenethiwekhi yemeshi angasusa izindawo ezifile futhi anikeze ukumbozwa okungaguquki kulo lonke ikhaya lakho noma ihhovisi.
Ukuzulazula Okungenazihibe: Amanethiwekhi e-Mesh avumela amadivayisi ukuthi ashintshe ngaphandle komthungo phakathi kwamanodi ngaphandle kokuyeka ukuxhumana, aqinisekise ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi okungaphazamiseki njengoba uhambahamba.
Ukungafinyeleli: Amanethiwekhi e-Mesh anganwetshwa kalula ngokungeza ama-node amaningi, okukuvumela ukuthi wenze ngokwezifiso ukumbozwa ngokwezidingo zakho.
Ikhwalithi esezingeni eliphakeme yesevisi (QoS)
Izici zekhwalithi Yesevisi (i-QoS) zibeka phambili ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi izinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi zithola umkhawulokudonsa odingekayo ukuze usebenze kahle. Izilungiselelo ezithuthukile ze-QoS kumamodemu esimanje zivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi:
Beka Amadivayisi Abalulekile: Nikeza umkhawulokudonsa owengeziwe kumadivayisi athile, njengamakhonsoli amageyimu noma amadivaysi okusakaza-bukhoma, ukuze uqinisekise ukuzizwisa okubushelelezi nokungabambezeli.
I-QoS Esekelwe kuhlelo lokusebenza: Beka kuqala ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi ngokusekelwe kuhlobo lohlelo lokusebenza, olufana nenkomfa ngevidiyo, amageyimu aku-inthanethi, noma amakholi we-VoIP, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza nokunciphisa ukubambezeleka.
Ibanga Lamanani Nokucatshangelwa Kwesabelomali
Lapho ukhetha imodemu ye-inthanethi, kubalulekile ukucabangela ibhajethi yakho kanye nebanga lentengo lezinketho ezitholakalayo. Amamodemu ayahlukahluka ngentengo ngokusekelwe kuzici zawo, ukusebenza, nokuhambisana.
Amamodemu Wezinga Lokungena: Lawa mamodemu ngokuvamile anenani eliphakathi kuka-$50 no-$100 futhi afanele izidingo ze-inthanethi eziyisisekelo, njengokuphequlula, i-imeyili, nokusakaza-bukhoma ngencazelo evamile. Amamodemu ezinga lokungena avame ukusekela isivinini esiphansi nezici ezimbalwa ezithuthukile.
Amamodemu Ebanga Eliphakathi: Anentengo ephakathi kuka-$100 no-$200, amamodemu ebanga eliphakathi anikeza ukusebenza okungcono nezici ezengeziwe, njengamakhono esivinini esiphezulu, ukuphepha okuthuthukisiwe, nekhwalithi engcono yokwakha. Zilungele imindeni enamadivayisi amaningi kanye nokusetshenziswa okusesilinganisweni kuya kokuphezulu kwe-inthanethi.
Amamodemu aphezulu: Amamodemu asezingeni eliphezulu, anenani elingaphezu kuka-$200, ahlinzeka ngokusebenza kwezinga eliphezulu, izici ezithuthukisiwe, namandla okuqinisekisa esikhathini esizayo. Lawa mamodemu asekela izindinganiso zakamuva, njenge-DOCSIS 3.1 ne-Wi-Fi 6, futhi afanele abasebenzisi abanezidingo zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu, njengokusakaza-bukhoma kwe-4K, amageyimu aku-inthanethi, nokuhlanganiswa kwekhaya okuhlakaniphile.
Ukuhambisana Nokuthuthukiswa Kwekusasa
Ubufakazi besikhathi esizayo imodemu yakho ye-inthanethi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ihlala ihambisana nobuchwepheshe obuzayo nezinhlelo ze-inthanethi, kukusindisa ekuthuthukisweni okuvamile.
Ukusekela Amazinga Amasha: Khetha imodemu esekela izindinganiso zakamuva, njenge-DOCSIS 3.1 ne-Wi-Fi 6, ukuze uqinisekise ukuhambisana namasevisi e-inthanethi esikhathi esizayo namadivayisi.
Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Firmware: Qinisekisa ukuthi imodemu ithola izibuyekezo ezijwayelekile ze-firmware kumkhiqizi ukuze uhlale unolwazi olusha nezici ezintsha nezithuthukisi zokuphepha.
Ukunwetshwa: Cabangela amamodemu anamadizayini amamojula noma lawo angahlanganiswa kalula kumanethiwekhi anezikhala ukuze anwetshwe esikhathini esizayo kanye nokufakwa okuthuthukisiwe.
Isiphetho
Kafushane, ukukhetha imodemu ye-inthanethi efanele kuhilela ukucabangela izici ezihlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa uhlobo lwemodemu, ukusebenza nesivinini, ukuhambisana kwe-ISP, ikhwalithi yokwakha, izici zokuphepha, izici zobuchwepheshe bamuva, ububanzi bentengo, nokuhambisana nokuthuthukiswa okuzayo. Ngokuhlola lezi zici, ungenza isinqumo unolwazi futhi ukhethe imodemu ehlangabezana nezidingo zakho ze-inthanethi zamanje nezesikhathi esizayo.
