Kubantu okufanele bagcine izandla zabo benolwazi lwakamuva kwezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhumana kwe-inthanethi okushesha kakhulu kubalulekile. Namuhla, ama-smartphone, amaphilisi namakhompyutha anenethiwekhi konke kuxhumeka ngaphandle kwentambo. Ubuchwepheshe bakamuva kulo mkhakha amarutha e-WiFi 6, anikeza isivinini esingcono sokuxhumeka, ububanzi obukhulu nokuthembeka. Kulesi sihloko, sizochaza ukuthi i-WiFi 6 isebenza kanjani, kungani ungayifuna nokuthi ungayikhethela kanjani ekufanele.
Okuqukethwe:
- Iyini irutha ye-WiFi 6?
- Isebenza kanjani irutha yeWiFi 6?
- Izinzuzo kanye nezinkinga zerutha ye-WiFi 6
- Ungayikhetha kanjani irutha yeWiFi 6
- Isetshenziswa kanjani irutha yeWiFi 6
Iyini irutha ye-WiFi 6?
Lungela i-WiFi 6. Lobu buchwepheshe obusha obutholakalayo bokuxhumana okungenazintambo, obubizwa ngokusemthethweni i-802.11ax, buyimpinda elandelayo ekuqhubekeleni phambili koxhumo lwedatha olungenantambo olunamandla kakhulu, olushesha futhi ngokuvamile olungcono. Kulindeleke ukuthi isheshe, isebenze kahle, futhi iphendule kakhudlwana kumadivayisi akho kunokwakheka komuntu okwedlule, okuyi-WiFi 5, eyaziwa nangokuthi 802.11ac. Irutha ye-WiFi 6 iyihabhu yenethiwekhi entsha engenantambo eletha i-Intanethi engenantambo yakamuva kunqwaba yamadivayisi ekhaya noma ehhovisi lakho futhi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bamuva nje ukuze ikwenze.
Ngokungafani nezizukulwane ze-WiFi zakudala, irutha ye-WiFi 6 yakhelwe ukusekela amadivayisi amaningi futhi iyisekele kangcono. Ngobuchwepheshe obufana ne-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) kanye Nabasebenzisi abaningi, Okokufaka Okuningi, Okuphumayo Okuningi (MU-MIMO), umzila ungaxhumana namadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi, uthuthukise ukubambezeleka nokusebenza kahle komkhawulokudonsa. Lokhu kusho ukuthi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi usakaza amavidiyo e-4K, udlala ku-inthanethi, noma usebenza usekhaya phakathi nobhubhane, umzila we-WiFi 6 wakhelwe ukusekela indlela yakho yokuphila yesimanje ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, amarutha e-WiFi 6 anezimiso zokuphepha eziqine kakhulu kunezizukulwane ezedlule, esebenzisa, isibonelo, i-WPA3 esiza ukuvikela ekugetshengeni futhi igcine isikhathi sakho ku-inthanethi sisobala. Lokhu kuthuthukiswa kukhomba kumarutha e-WiFi 6 njengekusasa lenethiwekhi engenantambo, futhi iqinisekisa ukuthi i-inthanethi engenantambo emhlabeni wanamuhla osetshenziswa kakhulu ithembekile futhi isesikhathini samanje.
Isebenza kanjani irutha ye-WiFi 6?
Esisekelweni sayo, irutha ye-WiFi 6 izothumela futhi yamukele amasiginali omsakazo iye noma isuke kumadivayisi axhunyiwe ngamabhendi angu-2.4 GHz kanye no-5 GHz. Umehluko phakathi kwerutha ye-WiFi 6 nezinye ukuthi isebenzisa ubuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe ukuze kuthuthukiswe kangcono ukuhanjiswa ngala mabhendi amabili. Ngenxa yalokho, idatha eningi ingahamba ngesiteshi sokuxhumana ngesikhathi esincane futhi inamaphutha amancane. Okubaluleke kakhulu ekuthuthukisweni kwe-WiFi 6 routers athembele kukho kubizwa nge-OFDMA. I-OFDMA imele 'i-orthogonal frequency-division multiple access'. Kubandakanya ukuthatha isiteshi esingenantambo bese usihlukanisa sibe izikhala eziningi ezincane ezizosebenza kumadivayisi amaningi ngesikhathi. Ngokwenza lokhu, amadivayisi amaningi angaxhunywa kunethiwekhi futhi wonke angazuza ekusebenzeni okungcono komuntu ngamunye, ngenxa yesikhathi esiphansi esidingekayo ukuze alinde ngaphambi kokuthi akwazi ukuthumela noma ukwamukela idatha.
Elinye iphuzu elibalulekile i-MU-MIMO, noma Umsebenzisi Omuningi - Okokufaka Okuningi Okuphumayo Okuningi, okusho ukuthi irutha ye-WiFi 6 ingakwazi ukuxhumana namadivayisi amaningana ngesikhathi esisodwa, kunokuba kube eyodwa kuphela ngesikhathi. Lokhu kuyasiza endlini noma ehhovisi elinamadivayisi amaningi ukuze ngalinye likwazi ukuthola ukuxhumana okusheshayo ngaphandle kokunciphisa amanye. Amarutha e-WiFi 6 aphinde asebenzise Isikhathi Sokuvuka Esiqondiwe (TWT) ukuhlela ukuxhumana namadivayisi akho. Lokhu kusho ukuthi bangakhuluma kuphela ne-smartphone yakho, ikhompuyutha ephathekayo noma ithebulethi ngezikhathi ezithile, okusiza ukonga amandla ebhethri kumadivayisi akho eselula.
Phezu kwalokhu, amarutha e-WiFi 6 afaka i-Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) ephakeme kakhulu, ekhiqiza isignali yedatha eyinkimbinkimbi futhi enemininingwane; lokhu kuvumela inani elikhulu lamabhithi ukuthi lipakishwe esikhaleni esifanayo, okuholela kuzivinini ezingase zisheshe zikonke. Amarutha e-WiFi 6 awasheshi nje, ngamanye amazwi; bangcono futhi ekuthatheni umthwalo wesifiso esikhulayo somuntu sokuxhumana ekhaya noma emsebenzini.
Izinzuzo nezinkinga zerutha ye-WiFi 6
Amarutha e-WiFi 6 anikeza isivinini esithe xaxa namandla, afika ku-9.6 Gbps uma kuqhathaniswa no-3.5 Gbps we-WiFi 5. Isivinini esiphezulu sinikeza i-headroom eyengeziwe ngenani elikhulayo lezinhlelo zokusebenza zomkhawulokudonsa ophezulu namadivayisi. Umthamo ophezulu uphinda unike amandla ukuxhumeka kwedivayisi okwengeziwe ngesikhathi esisodwa, isici esizohlomula imizi eminingi noma amahhovisi agxile ezobuchwepheshe.
Futhi, amarutha avumelana ne-WiFi 6 asebenzisa amabhendi efrikhwensi ngempumelelo kakhudlwana, anciphisa ukubambezeleka (ukubambezeleka ekuxhumekeni kwenye ikhompuyutha ku-inthanethi) futhi enze umsebenzi waku-inthanethi ube okuhlangenwe nakho okushelelayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi uyadlala, ukhuluma ngevidiyo noma usebenzisa olunye uhlelo lokusebenza 'lwesikhathi sangempela'. Izici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe ze-WPA3 kufanele futhi zikhuthaze ukukhululeka okuthile, ikakhulukazi uma kubhekwa inombolo ekhuphukayo nobunkimbinkimbi bezinsongo ze-cybersecurity.
Kodwa ukushintshela ku-WiFi 6 akuyona into engenamthungo futhi kukhona okungahambi kahle. Ukuze uthole izinzuzo zokusebenza ezigcwele zerutha ye-WiFi 6, udinga ukuba nedivayisi esekela izinga le-WiFi 6. Amanye ama-smartphones amasha, ama-laptops namanye amagajethi axhunyiwe aseqala ukufaka ukuhambisana kwe-Wi-Fi 6, kodwa amaningi namanje awakwenzi, futhi amadivayisi amaningi akhona awasekeli i-WiFi 6. Ngaphezu kwalokho, amarutha e-WiFi 6 abiza kakhulu kunamarutha amadala e-WiFi ngaphambi kwawo.
Ungayikhetha kanjani irutha ye-WiFi 6
Kunedlanzana lezici ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke. Okokuqala, cabanga ngosayizi wendawo ohlanganisa kuyo, kanye nezinto ezisendlini yakho noma ehhovisi ezingavimbela noma zehlise amandla amasignali akho angenantambo. Hlola i-beamforming, okuwubuchwepheshe obusetshenziswa amarutha e-WiFi 6 obusebenzisa izinti eziningi ukuze inwebe ukumbozwa kanye nedatha yomzila ngezindonga ezimbalwa.
Okwesibili, cabanga ukuthi mangaki amadivayisi azoxhumeka ku-router. Uma unamafoni amaningi e-WiFi 6, ama-PC, amaphilisi noma amanye amadivaysi asebenzisa i-inthanethi, noma ungathanda ukwengeza okwengeziwe ngokuzayo, bheka umzila ongakwazi ukuzisingatha zonke nge-Advanced MU-MIMO kanye ne-OFDMA (uma ikhona).
Okokugcina, cabanga ukuthi uzoyisebenzisela ini i-inthanethi. Uma uthanda amageyimu aku-inthanethi noma ukusakaza ividiyo ye-4K, qiniseka ukuthi umzila wakho unokubambezeleka okuphansi kanye nokusebenza okuphezulu ukuze okuhlangenwe nakho kwakho kushelele njengebhotela. Okufanayo kuya ezicini zokuphepha. Uma usebenza ekhaya noma uphatha ulwazi olubucayi, khetha irutha enamazinga aphezulu okuphepha.
Ungayisebenzisa kanjani irutha yeWiFi 6
Njengakuma-Routers 1 kuya ku-5, ukusetha nokusebenzisa irutha ye-WiFi 6 akuhlukile ngokuphawulekayo. Kusebenza izixwayiso ezifanayo: yibeke phakathi nendawo yendlu yakho - hhayi odongeni noma eduze kwefriji enkulu yensimbi egoqiwe; gwema ukuyibeka eduze kwengilazi ekhanyayo; futhi uqiniseke ukuthi akukho okunye phakathi kwayo nezindawo ohlose ukuzisebenzisa amadivayisi akho. Qinisekisa ukuthi usebenzisa i-firmware yakamuva lapho ulungisa umzila - ama-kernel patches engeziwe kanye nezishayeli ezifakwe ekuthuthukisweni zibalulekile ekuvikelekeni kanye nokusebenza.
Emakhaya noma amahhovisi anabantu abaningi abaxubile be-WiFi 6 namadivayisi efa, cabanga ukusetha ama-SSID ahlukene ukuze amadivayisi we-WiFi 6 asetshenziselwe amandla awo agcwele ngaphandle kokuphazanyiswa kumadivayisi ayigugu. Futhi phenya izilungiselelo zerutha ngezici ze-firmware ezifana ne-QoS (Ikhwalithi Yesevisi) ekuvumela ukuthi ugcine umkhawulokudonsa wezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi noma amadivayisi.
Okokugcina, ngemva kokusetha lokhu, hlola njalo ukuze ugcine inethiwekhi yakho isebenza futhi ivikelekile. Shintsha amaphasiwedi nezilungiselelo njengoba kudingekile ukuze uhlale uvikelekile, futhi inethiwekhi yakho engenantambo izohlala isesimweni esihle sokusebenza. Uma isethwe kahle futhi inakekelwa, irutha ye-WiFi 6 inganikeza umgogodla oqinile, osebenza kahle kakhulu wempilo yakho yedijithali, okwazi ukuphatha noma iyiphi inombolo yamadivayisi noma izinhlelo zokusebenza zedijithali.
I-Takeaway: Irutha ye-WiFi 6 intuthuko enkulu kunethiwekhi engenantambo futhi imele umzila ongenazintambo oshesha kakhulu, othuthuke kakhulu ngobuchwepheshe, oshuthekayo futhi osebenza kahle kakhulu kuze kube manje. Ukushintshela ku-WiFi 6 akuyona into encane, nokho izinzuzo zokwenza kanjalo zenza umnyakazo ube wusizo kulabo abafisa ukuthuthukisa ukuxhumeka kwe-inthanethi okushesha, okuvikeleke kakhulu okunamandla akhulisiwe avikela ukuxhumana kwethu esikhathini esizayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi isebenza kanjani, izinzuzo zayo kanye nokubi, kanye nendlela yokukhetha nokusebenzisa eyodwa kungavula amandla aphelele okuxhumana kwakho kwe-inthanethi futhi kukunikeze uxhumano lwe-inthanethi olunamandla noluvikelekile ekhaya.
