Ngejubane labo lokucubungula elihlaba umxhwele, ukunethezeka, nezimpendulo ezihlakaniphile abaziletha empilweni yansuku zonke, i ukukhula okusheshayo kwe-ChatGPT mhlawumbe into eseduze kakhulu ekufakazeleni ukuthi ukuthuthuka kwe-AI nokufunda ngomshini kubashanela kanjani abantu abaningi ezinyaweni zabo. Ochungechungeni lokunikezela, ukusetshenziswa kwabo okubanzi ezinqubweni eziqhutshwa idatha ezifana nezinkundla zamafu nokuhlelela isimo Ukuphatha ukuhlinzeka nazo ziya ngokuya ziba bucayi.
Umthelela omubi osheshayo nongenakugwenywa phakathi kwalezi ntuthuko ezithokozisayo kubuchwepheshe be-AI, nokho, ukuthi ukwamukelwa okusabalele okunjalo kobuchwepheshe obusekelwe ku-inthanethi obuthuthukisiwe nakho kukhombisa ubungozi obukhulu bokuchayeka ku-inthanethi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka. Funda kabanzi mayelana nezingozi ze-cyber ku-supply chain, umthelela wazo, kanye nezindlela zokunciphisa lezi zingozi ze-cyber echungechungeni lokunikezela ezigabeni ezilandelayo.
Okuqukethwe
1. Yiziphi izingozi ze-cyber echungechungeni lokunikezela
2. Umthelela wezingcuphe ze-inthanethi ochungechungeni lokunikezela
3. Ungazinciphisa kanjani ubungozi be-inthanethi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka
4. Iketango lokuhlinzeka nge-cyber-safe
Yiziphi izingozi ze-cyber ku-supply chain
Ngaphambi kokuhlonza ubungozi be-inthanethi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi nakuba zonke lezi zingozi zingena ngaphansi kobubanzi obubanzi be-Cyber Supply Chain Risk Management (C-SCRM), i-C-SCRM ihilela indlela ehlangene enezinqubomgomo, izinqubo, kanye nobuchwepheshe bokulawula lezi zingozi. Esigxile kukho lapha, nokho, kusezinhlotsheni ezithile zobungozi be-inthanethi, ubungozi obukhulu obungaba khona, izinsongo, kanye nezinyathelo zokunciphisa ngokushesha. Izingozi ze-cyber ohlelweni lwe-global supply chain zingahlukaniswa zibe izinhlobo zangaphakathi nezangaphandle:
Izingozi ze-cyber zangaphakathi echungechungeni lokunikezela
Uhlobo lokuqala nolujwayeleke kakhulu lwengozi yohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi lubandakanya izinhlobo ezehlukene zezehlakalo zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ezihlobene namaphutha omuntu ochungechungeni lokunikezela. Njengoba kufakazelwa izifundo eziningi, ikakhulukazi zombili ezika-Verizon 2023 futhi 2024 Umbiko Wokuphenya Ukuphulwa Kwedatha, okugqamise ukuthi u-74% kanye no-68% wezigameko zokwephulwa kwe-inthanethi zibandakanya isici esithile somuntu. Ukwengamela komuntu kuphakathi kwezinkinga ezivame kakhulu, kusukela kuzilungiselelo zemvume yokwabelana okungalungile kanye nokuba yisisulu sezixhumanisi zobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi ukuya ekulethweni kabi kwedatha ebucayi kanye nokuxhuma kumanethiwekhi angavikelekile asengozini yokuhlaselwa izigebengu. Ngisho namagama ayimfihlo abuthakathaka, ukubambezeleka kuzibuyekezo zesofthiwe, kanye nokufinyelela ngokomzimba okungagunyaziwe ezindaweni ezivikelekile kungaholela ekwebiweni noma ekubukweni kolwazi olubucayi.
Uma wonke amaphutha omuntu angenhla engamaphutha engozi noma angenandaba, uhlobo olulandelayo lwezingozi ze-inthanethi oluvame kakhulu e-supply chain, ngenkathi lusabandakanya abantu, luhlose kakhulu ngezenzo ezinonya zamabomu ezithathwe yinoma yimuphi umuntu ongaphakathi—noma yibaphi abantu abathenjwayo bebhizinisi abanokufinyelela kumasistimu nedatha ebucayi. Izinsongo zangaphakathi ezinjengokwebiwa kwedatha, ukucekelwa phansi kwedatha ngokususwa noma ukuguqulwa kwedatha, ukufakwa kohlelo olungayilungele ikhompuyutha, kanye nolwazi oluvuza ngezinjongo zobunhloli, kanye nokufinyelela okungagunyaziwe kumasistimu noma ukuxhashazwa kolwazi ukuze kuzuze wena, ngeshwa kuphakathi kwezibonelo ezivamile zobungozi ku-inthanethi.
Okokugcina, kodwa okubaluleke ngokufanayo, ingqalasizinda noma ukuthambekela kwesistimu kumele olunye uhlobo lwengcuphe ye-inthanethi evelele ochungechungeni lokunikezela ngoba luthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okuthi amasistimu abhekane nokugetshengwa okungaba khona noma ukwephulwa kwezindaba. Isofthiwe esiphelelwe yisikhathi noma amasistimu okuvikela angalungiswanga kahle nawo anomthelela ebungozini be-supply chain, njengoba angonakalisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle okuphelele uma kushiywe kungabhekwanga.
Izingozi ze-inthanethi zangaphandle echungechungeni lokunikezela
Izingozi zohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi zangaphandle ku-supply chain, ngokwemvelo, zibandakanya izici zabantu futhi, ngokufanayo nezinsongo zangaphakathi, zivame kakhulu phakathi kwabathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle enkampanini, njengabahlinzeki, ozakwethu, osonkontileka, nabahlinzeki bezinsizakalo. Bangase badalule ngephutha noma ngenhloso imininingwane ebucayi kwabaqhudelana nabo, badalule amasistimu enkampani ngonya, noma bazibandakanye nobunhloli be-inthanethi. Lokhu kusongela kuphathelene kakhulu neqiniso lokuthi izinhlelo eziningi zokuhlela noma izinkundla ze-inthanethi zinikeza izinkampani zangaphandle ukufinyelela okuthile ukuze zinikeze ulwazi oluhlanganyelwe lokulethwa kwezimpahla noma ukuthunyelwa kokulandelela ngesikhathi sangempela.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, abathumeli bangase futhi badinge ukungena ezinkundleni zezinkampani zangaphandle ukuze basebenzise noma baphathe izinqubo zokuthutha ngezikhathi ezithile. Izibonelo ezivame kakhulu zamaplathifomu anjalo noma ukufinyelela zihlanganisa izinhlelo ze-enterprise resource planning (ERP) kanye ukuphathwa kwamakhasimende kwamakhasimende (CRM) izinkundla.
Ngaleso sikhathi, ukuhlasela kwe-cyber kungenye ingozi ebalulekile yangaphandle echungechungeni lokunikezela nge ubunjiniyela bezenhlalakahle ukuhlaselwa okufana nobugebengu bokweba imininingwane ebucayi kanye nokuyenga kuyikona okusakazeke kakhulu, kodwa izisulu ngokuvamile ziwela kalula kulezi zinhlobo zokuhlaselwa. Yize kunokuhlaselwa okungenani okuhlanu okujwayelekile konjiniyela bezenhlalo, akuzona ukuphela kwendlela yokuletha isoftware enonya njenge-malware ne-ransomware. Ukulanda kwe-Drive-by, lapho abasebenzisi belanda okuthile bengazi nokuqaphela, kungenye yezingozi ezivame kakhulu ze-cyber, kuyilapho okunamathiselwe kwe-imeyili, imidiya ekhiphekayo, njengamadrayivu e-USB/izimbobo ze-USB, kanye nesofthiwe ehlanganisiwe iphakathi kwezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu ze-cyber zangaphandle echungechungeni lokuhlinzeka futhi.
Umthelela wezingcuphe ze-cyber echungechungeni lokunikezela
Ukuthembela kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bamafu nezinkundla zedijithali kumaketanga okunikezwayo esimanje kukhulisa ubukhulu bemithelela yezingozi ezihlukahlukene zohleloxhumano ngesiqoqelalwazi. Noma ngabe ziyizinhlobo zangaphakathi noma zangaphandle zezingozi ze-inthanethi, umthelela emkhakheni we-supply chain ubonakala kakhulu ezicini ezi-3 eziyinhloko: ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza, imiphumela yezezimali, nokulimala kwesithunzi.
Ukuphazamiseka kokusebenza okufana nesikhathi sokuphumula, ukubambezeleka, kanye nokulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza okulandelayo cishe ngokuqinisekile kuwumphumela ongenakugwemeka ngenxa yakho kokubili ubungozi bangaphakathi nabangaphandle, obudala ukwehluleka kwesistimu nokuphazamiseka kwenethiwekhi. Ngenxa yalokho, imiphumela yezezimali ihlanganisa kokubili izindleko eziqondile nezingaqondile ezifana nokuphulwa kwedatha nezindleko zokuthola kabusha, eziya ziba umthwalo okhulayo, okuholela ezindlekweni eziphakeme, ezinkulu eziphelele ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka. Okokugcina, umphumela wokugcina walezi zinkinga uwukulimala kwesithunzi, nokulahlekelwa ukwethembana phakathi kwamakhasimende, abahlinzeki, nababambiqhaza, okuthinta kakhulu ukulinganiswa komkhiqizo futhi kube nomthelela ekukhuleni kwebhizinisi kwesikhathi eside.
Ungazinciphisa kanjani ubungozi be-cyber ku-supply chain
Izinqubomgomo zeCybersecurity
Njengoba amaphutha omuntu eholela ezingozini ezivame kakhulu nezilimazayo ku-inthanethi, kungaba ezokuphatha kwangaphakathi noma ukugada kwangaphandle izinsongo zamakhompuyutha, kubalulekile ukuqala ngokusungula amazinga amancane okuphepha ku-inthanethi kubo bobabili abasebenzi nabahlinzeki. Umgomo ophelele wokuphepha ku-inthanethi kufanele futhi uhlanganise impendulo kanye namasu okunciphisa uma kwenzeka ukwephulwa kwe-cybersecurity, noma yikuphi ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi, kanye nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, isistimu, noma ukwehluleka kwengqalasizinda. Ukuzivivinya okujwayelekile kokuphepha ku-inthanethi kungenziwa njengengxenye yokuqeqeshwa kwabasebenzi kwangaphakathi ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuqiniswe ukuqonda kwabo okuphelele nokuhambisana nezinqubomgomo.
Kungakhathaleki ukuthi eyabahlinzeki, abathengisi, abanye abantu besithathu, noma abasebenzi bangaphakathi, izinkampani zingasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke zigcina amazinga aphezulu okuqapha kanye nokulungela izinqubomgomo zenkampani zokuphepha ku-inthanethi ngokunikeza ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo, okujwayelekile kwenqubomgomo yokuphepha ku-inthanethi, nezinhlelo zokuqwashisa.
Ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi
Ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi kuyisixazululo esisebenza ngokusobala ekwehliseni ubungozi be-inthanethi obungase bube khona noma obuseduze ochungechungeni lokuhlinzekwa kwempahla, nakuba ngokuvamile kunganakwa ngenxa yokunganaki noma izingqinamba zesabelomali. Ukuthuthukiswa kokuphepha kwenethiwekhi kungasondezwa kusuka kubukhulu obubili obuyinhloko: isofthiwe nehadiwe. Ngokombono wesofthiwe, kuhilela ukuthunyelwa kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zezinhlelo zesofthiwe, njengezinhlelo zokulwa namagciwane kanye ne-anti-spyware, isofthiwe yokuqapha ukuphepha, isofthiwe yokuvimbela ukulahleka kwedatha, nesofthiwe yohlelo lokuvikela, kanye nezibuyekezo ezivamile kanye nokunamathisela ukuze kuvikelwe ubungozi. Izithuthukisi zesofthiwe futhi zihlanganisa nezinqubo eziqinile zokungena kumasistimu azwelayo ngokusebenzisa izimfuneko eziqinile zephasiwedi kanye nokuqinisekiswa kwezinto eziningi, ezihlose ukuqinisa ukuphepha ezingeni lesicelo.
Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngokombono wezingxenyekazi zekhompiyutha, ukusebenzisa izindlela zokuvikela ezithuthukisiwe ezifana nezinqamuleli eziqinile, amasistimu okuvikela aphelele, kanye nezinhlelo zokutholwa kokungena kubalulekile. Lezi zixazululo zezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha ziqapha futhi zivikele ithrafikhi yenethiwekhi emisebenzini enonya kanye nezixazululo zesofthiwe. Ukuthuthuka kwezokuphepha kwenethiwekhi ekugcineni kufaka isandla ekwakhiweni kokuvikela okuvikelekile, okunezendlalelo eziningi ezindaweni ezihlukene kanye namanethiwekhi, okudala uhlelo lokuvikela oluqinile kuzo zonke izinsongo ze-inthanethi zabo bonke abasebenzisi.
Abaphathi bezinkampani zangaphandle
Ihlukile kumbono wokuqala wokunciphisa ohlobene nezinqubomgomo ze-cybersecurity, lokhu kunikezelwe ngokukhethekile ekuphatheni bonke abantu besithathu abahlobene abafinyelela kumasistimu abalulekile. Ngamanye amazwi, ngaphandle kokuba nezinqubomgomo eziphelele nezibuyekeziwe ze-cybersecurity ezihlanganisa lezi zinkampani zangaphandle, amabhizinisi kufanele futhi enze ukuhlaziya nokuhlola ubungozi okuphelele nokujwayelekile kubo bonke abathengisi bezinkampani zangaphandle abathintekayo ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka ukuze kuthuthukiswe izindlela zokuphepha ezikhona. Ukwenza njalo nokuhlola kubalulekile futhi ekuhlonzeni izinkampani zangaphandle ezisengozini enkulu, okwenza kube lula ukulawula usayizi waleli qembu elisengozini, noma ngisho nokukhawulela izinombolo zabo ukuze ziphathwe kahle futhi zigadwe.
Umgomo wokugcina walelisu uwukusungula uhlelo oluphelele, oludidiyelwe kakhulu lokuhlenga izinhlekelele olusebenza kuzo zonke izinhlangothi ezihlukene futhi luvumele umlingani ngamunye we-supply chain ukusebenzisana ngempumelelo, ukuqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kwebhizinisi kwazo zonke izinhlangothi ndawonye. Le ndlela yokuhlanganisa iqinisekisa ukuzivikela okuqinile, okusebenzisanayo ezinsongweni ezingase zibe khona ku-inthanethi.
Ukuqina okuqhubekayo
Ngokufana nanoma yimuphi omunye umzamo obalulekile ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka, i-cybersecurity iyinqubo eqhubekayo edinga umzamo oqhubekayo wokubuyekeza njalo nokubuyekeza okuhlobene. ukulawulwa kwezinhlekelele kanye nezimo eziphuthumayo zihlela ukuhlala zamanje nentuthuko emkhakheni we-cybersecurity. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba ukuhlaselwa ku-inthanethi kanye nokuphulwa kwedatha kuya ngokuya kuba yinkimbinkimbi ukuze kuxhashazwe izisulu futhi kuzuzwe izisusa zabo ezimbi.
Ngakho-ke kubalulekile ukuthi amabhizinisi afunde kunoma yiziphi izigameko zesikhathi esidlule, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kokuhlangenwe nakho kwawo kwangaphambilini noma lezo ezenzeke embonini, ukuze aqale ukuqeqeshwa okuqhubekayo okuqhubekayo okulola ngokwengeziwe ulwazi namakhono ekuthuthukiseni ukuzivikela kwesikhathi esizayo futhi kuqinisekise ukuqina okuqhubekayo. Ngaphandle kokuqapha nokuhlola okuqhubekayo, ukusebenzisa izindlela ezisebenzayo ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezifana nezinqamuleli ezithuthukisiwe, amasistimu okuthola ukungena, nokuvikelwa kwezindawo zokugcina kuhlala phakathi kwezinqubo ezingcono kakhulu zokunciphisa nokuvimbela ubungozi be-inthanethi ochungechungeni lokuhlinzeka.
Uchungechunge lokuhlinzeka ngokuphepha nge-cyber
Njengoba amasistimu nezinqubo eziningi zokuhlinzeka zingena ku-inthanethi noma zisekelwe emafini, ubungozi be-inthanethi njengokuhlasela kwe-inthanethi kanye nezigameko ezibangelwa amaphutha, okuhlanganisa izinsongo zangaphakathi kanye nokuba sengozini kwezinkampani zangaphandle, ziya ngokuya zisabalala namuhla. Lezi zinsongo ze-Cyber umthelela emkhakheni we-supply chain ekusebenzeni, kwezezimali, kanye nesithunzi, kubangela ukuphazamiseka okukhulu nomonakalo.
Ukuze kuncishiswe ngempumelelo lezi zingozi, amabhizinisi kufanele asungule inqubomgomo ephelele yokuphepha ku-inthanethi ehlanganisa izindlela zokuphendula ezihambisanayo uma kwenzeka kuba nesigameko ku-inthanethi. Ukuthuthukisa ukuphepha kwenethiwekhi, okuhlanganisa kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwesofthiwe nezingxenyekazi zekhompuyutha, nokusebenzisa ukuphathwa okuqinile okuvela eceleni ukuze kulawulwe kangcono usayizi, amalungelo okufinyelela, namalungelo abathengisi nabahlinzeki ngezinye izindlela ezimbili ezinconyiwe zokunciphisa ubungozi be-inthanethi. Ukwengeza, ukuze kwakhiwe indawo ye-cyber-safe supply chain, zonke izinhlangano kufanele zihlale ziqaphile futhi zizibophezele ekugcineni ukuqina okuqhubekayo ekulawuleni ubungozi be-cybersecurity.
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