Izilungisi ziguqula i-AC ibe yi-DC, izisetshenziswa ezinamandla namabhethri ashajayo. Baphinde badlale indima ebalulekile ekutholweni kwesignali yomsakazo ngobuchwepheshe obufana namashubhu e-vacuum, ama-silicon diode, nama-mercury arcs.

Lesi sihloko sizocubungula ukwabelana kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke kanye nezitayela zokuthuthukiswa kwezilungisi, kanye nokuhlukanisa amapharamitha ayisisekelo nokuqhathanisa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokulungisa. Lokhu kuzokunikeza imininingwane yamasu ezokusiza ukuthi ukhethe izilungisi ezingcono kakhulu zabathengi bakho ngo-2025.

Okuqukethwe
Uyini umbono wamanje wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yabalungisayo?
Imaphi amapharamitha angukhiye we-rectifiers okufanele uyazi?
Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokulungisa futhi zihluke kanjani?
Amathrendi emakethe yokulungisa akamuva okudingeka ukwazi
Ungasikhetha kanjani isilungisi esifanele izidingo zakho?
Efingqa

Uyini umbono wamanje wemakethe yomhlaba wonke yabalungisayo?

Imboni yokulungisa yenze inqubekelaphambili ebalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwezobuchwepheshe. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwezinto zokwakha ze-semiconductor kanye nobuchwepheshe bengxenye kune izilungisi ezithuthuke kakhulu mayelana nokusebenza kahle, ukuminyana kwamandla, usayizi, nesisindo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula okukhaliphile nakho kwenza ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezilungisayo kube lula futhi kuphephe.

Imakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-electromagnetic relays kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele US $ 2177.8 wezigidi ngo-2029, lenyuka lisuka ku-US$ 1623 million ngo-2022, ngenani lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka (CAGR) lika-4.2% ngesikhathi sika-2023 kuya ku-2029.

Isidingo semakethe semboni yokulungisa sikhula njalo. Ngokuthuthuka okusheshayo kwe imboni yamandla amasha, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa kwamandla amakhulu asakazwayoy, njengamandla elanga namandla omoya, isidingo sezihlungi njengezingxenye eziyinhloko siyakhula. Ngasikhathi sinye, isidingo sokulungisa izinto ezishintshayo ezimbonini, ezokuthutha, ezempilo, neminye imikhakha siyanda unyaka nonyaka.

Imaphi amapharamitha angukhiye we-rectifiers okufanele uyazi?

Izimiso eziyisisekelo zokulungisa zibalulekile, zisebenza njengemibandela yokukhetha eyinhloko ezinqumweni zokuthenga. Kule ngxenye, sizozihlola ngokujulile.

• Amandla okuphuma: Amandla okukhiphayo e-DC esilungisisi abonisa ikhono lesilungisi sokuguqula amandla ashintshayo abe awamanje aqondile, okuyinkomba ebalulekile yokuhlola ukusebenza kwesilungisi.
• I-voltage yokufaka: I-voltage yokufaka inquma ububanzi bamandla ashintshayo isilungisi esingasingatha futhi iwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile lapho kukhethwa isilungisi.
• Umthamo wokuphuma: I-DC voltage okukhiphayo ngesilungisi sinquma i-voltage yokusebenza engatholwa umthwalo we-DC.
• Certification: Iphase izinga le-CE
• Usayizi: Ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezingxenye zangaphakathi kanye nezidingo ezinkulu zokulahla ukushisa, usayizi womzimba wesilungisi samandla aphezulu uzoba mkhulu uma kuqhathaniswa. Ngokuphambene, izinto zokulungisa amandla aphansi, njengalezo ezikumashaja omakhalekhukhwini, zincane ngosayizi womzimba.
• Ukuphumelela: Isilinganiso sokukhiphayo samanje nokokufaka kwamanje kwesilungisi sibonisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwesilungisi. Ukusebenza kahle kungenye yezinkomba ezibalulekile ezisetshenziselwa ukuhlola ukusebenza komlungisi. Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kusho ukulahlekelwa amandla amancane.

Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokulungisa futhi zihluke kanjani?

Izilungisi zihluka kakhulu ekwakhiweni nasekusetshenzisweni—kusuka ezinhlotsheni ezilawulwayo nezingalawuleki kuya kumamodeli akhethekile anemvamisa ephezulu kanye namamodeli anamandla kagesi. Ngezansi, uzobheka izinhlobo zezilungisi kanye nokuguqulwa kwamandla okuhlukaniswa ngezigaba ezahlukene ngokuningiliziwe.

1. Ukuhlukaniswa ngokulawula

Isilungisi esilawulwayo

Ukukhishwa kwayo kwamanje kanye ne-voltage kungalungiswa, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa i-thyristor, ishubhu lomphumela wensimu, i-capacitor diode, nezinye izingxenye. Isilungisi esilungisekayo sinezici zokunemba kokukhishwayo okuphezulu, ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, nokuzinza okuhle.

Ekusebenzeni, isilungisi esilungisekayo sidinga ukulawulwa yisekethe yokulawula, ngesekhethi yokulawula, ukuze kulungiswe i-trigger pulse yengxenye ethile bese ilawula ukuphuma kwamanje kanye ne-voltage yesekethe. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni we-induction cookers, ukulawulwa kwezimoto, ukunikezwa kwamandla kwemishini yokuxhumana, amashaja emoto kagesi, nokunye.

Isilungisi esingalawuleki (esiphinde sibizwe ngokuthi isilungisi esingaguquki esiqondile)

Okukhiphayo okwamanje kanye ne-voltage kulungisiwe futhi akukwazi ukulungiswa. Ivamise ukwakhiwa ngama-diode, ama-transistors, nezinye izakhi, lapho indima eyinhloko ye-diode ingukulungiswa okuzimele, ukushintshana kwamanje kube indlela eyodwa yokuphehla amandla aqondile, futhi i-transistor isetshenziselwa ikakhulukazi ukuguqulwa kwamandla kanye nesekethe yokuqinisa i-voltage.

Isilungisi esilungisiwe esiqondile sinezici zesakhiwo esilula, izindleko eziphansi, nokuthembeka okuphezulu. Isetshenziswa kabanzi kumasekethe amancane (njengamalambu e-LED, imikhiqizo yedijithali, izinsiza zamandla aphansi, njll.) kanye nemishini yokuxhumana ye-high-frequency.

2. Ukuhlukaniswa ngesakhiwo sesifunda

Isilungisi sesigaba esisodwa

Ifanele ukunikezwa kwamandla we-AC yesigaba esisodwa, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa isethi yama-diode. Okuvame kakhulu isilungisisi sebhuloho sesigaba esisodwa, esiqukethe ama-diode amane futhi esikwazi ukuguqula uhhafu womjikelezo ongemuhle wesignali yokufaka ube okukhiphayo komjikelezo oyingxenye ephozithivu.

Isilungisi sezigaba ezintathu

Ifanele ukunikezwa kwamandla we-AC wezigaba ezintathu, ngokuvamile okuhlanganisa ama-diode ayisithupha noma ama-thyristors amathathu. Baguqula isiginali ye-AC yezigaba ezintathu okokufaka ibe isignali ye-DC.

Esilungisisweni sezigaba ezintathu uma kuqhathaniswa nesilungisisi sesigaba esisodwa, esimweni sevoltheji yokufakwayo efanayo, i-voltage ye-DC ephumayo iphezulu, futhi ukushintshashintsha kwamanje kuncane, kulungele isidingo sezikhathi ezinkulu zamanje, zikagesi ophezulu.

3. Ukuhlelwa ngokwesimo sohlelo lokusebenza

I-Universal rectifier (eyaziwa nangokuthi i-hybrid rectifier)

Lokhu kuhlanganisa isilungisi esingaguquki esiqondile kanye nesilungisi esilungisekayo. Izilungisi zenhloso evamile ngokuvamile zamukela ukwakheka okuyingxube, zisebenzisa ama-diode, ama-transistors, ama-thyristors, nezinye izakhi.

Isilungisi senhloso ejwayelekile sinezici zesakhiwo esilula, ukwethembeka okuphezulu, nezindleko eziphansi. Isetshenziswa kabanzi emkhakheni wokunikezwa kwamandla kagesi, imishini yokushisela, amathuluzi kagesi, nokunye.

4. Ezinye izinhlobo ezikhethekile zokulungisa kabusha

Isilungisi se-high-frequency

I-doping yegolide, ehlangabezana nezidingo zomsebenzi we-high-frequency, ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuzilungisi ze-silicon ukuze kufinyezwe impilo yabathwali abambalwa abajovwe futhi kuncishiswe isikhathi sokutakula. Lesi silungisisi senza kahle kumasekhethi anemvamisa ephezulu.

High-voltage rectifier

Idivayisi yokulungisa i-high-voltage ivamise ukusetshenziswa kuzitaki ze-silicon ezinamandla kakhulu. Yakhiwe ngobuningi bamakhora wedivayisi olungisa kabusha ochungechungeni. I-voltage ehlehlayo inqunywa ukumelana nokucindezela kwe-tube core kanye nenani lamashubhu ochungechunge, futhi i-voltage ephezulu ingafinyelela kumakhulu we-kV.

Isilungisi se-avalanche

Uma i-voltage ehlehlayo idlula inani eliphakeme elivumelekile, ukuphuka kwe-avalanche efanayo kwenzeka kuwo wonke ama-avalanche e-PN, futhi idivayisi ingasebenza ku-voltage ephezulu kanye namandla amakhulu ukuze ikwazi ukumelana namandla amakhulu okuhlehla. Lesi silungisisi silungele izinhlelo zokusebenza lapho i-voltage ephezulu ehlehlayo namandla okwanda okudingekayo.

Amathrendi emakethe yokulungisa akamuva okudingeka ukwazi

Ukuqonda amathrendi akamuva embonini yokulungisa kubalulekile ukuze uhlale uphambili emakethe ethuthukayo, uqinisekisa ukuthi wenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngaphambi kokutshala imali.

1. Ukuthuthukiswa okusheshayo kwemboni yamandla entsha

Ukuhlaziywa kombono womkhakha wokulungisa kuveze ukuthi ngokwenyuka kwesidingo samandla avuselelekayo emhlabeni jikelele, ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kwamandla amasha njengamandla elanga nawomoya, isidingo sezilungisizi kuma-inverter nokushajwa kwebhethri nakho kuyakhula. Ama-rectifiers, njengenye yezinsiza ezibalulekile, anamandla amakhulu emakethe emkhakheni omusha wamandla.

2. Ukunwetshwa kwemakethe yezimoto zikagesi

Ngokukhula okusheshayo kwemakethe yezimoto zikagesi, izilungisa kabusha zidlala indima ebalulekile ezimotweni zikagesi, ziguqula ukushintshana kwamanje kube okwamanje okuqondile ukuze kuphakelwe amabhethri emoto kagesi. Ngokukhula kokuthengiswa kwezimoto zikagesi, imakethe yokulungisa kabusha izophinde inwetshwe.

3. Shayela ezishintshayo zezimboni

 Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-automation yezimboni kunikeza isidingo esiqhubekayo semakethe yokulungisa kabusha. Izilungisi zisetshenziswa kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokulawula izimboni ukushayela izinjini, amandla kagesi okulawula kanye nezamanje, njll. Ngokukhula kokushintshashintsha kwezimboni kanye nokusheshisa kobuhlakani befekthri, isidingo sabalungisa kabusha sizoqhubeka sikhula.

4. Ukuthandwa kobuchwepheshe bezokuxhumana be-5G

Ngokudayiswa kobuchwepheshe bokuxhumana be-5G, isidingo sezilungisi eziteshini eziyisisekelo ze-5G sizokhula ngokushesha. Izilungisi zingakwazi ukuguqula i-alternating current ibe eyamanje eqondile ukuze zinikeze ukuhlinzekwa kwamandla okuzinzile eziteshini eziyisisekelo ze-5G. Ngokuduma kwamanethiwekhi e-5G, imakethe yokulungisa izonwetshwa futhi.

5. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezintsha kanye nobuchwepheshe obusha

Ukuthuthukiswa okuqhubekayo kwe izinto ezintsha ze-semiconductor kanye nobuchwepheshe bezingxenye inikeza indawo enkulu yokwenza ngcono ukusebenza kahle nokusebenza kwezilungisi. Isibonelo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo ze-wide band gap semiconductor kungathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka kwezilungisi. Ukwengeza, ukusetshenziswa kobuchwepheshe bokulawula okuhlakaniphile kuzothuthukisa ukusebenza nokusebenza komlungisi.

Kunezinselelo ezithile ekuthuthukisweni kwemboni yokulungisa izinto. Ukuncintisana embonini yokulungisa kushubile, futhi isabelo semakethe siyahlakazeka. Izilungisi zinezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, kodwa izidingo zezinkambu ezihlukene ziyahlukahluka kakhulu, ezidinga ukuklama okuqondisiwe kanye nokukhiqiza. Kusenezinkinga zobuchwepheshe ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni kwezilungisi ekusetshenzisweni kwamandla aphezulu kanye nemvamisa ephezulu.

Ungasikhetha kanjani isilungisi esifanele izidingo zakho?

Izigaba ezingenhla zinikeze ulwazi olubalulekile mayelana nezilungisi ukuze wenze izinqumo zokuthenga unolwazi. Ukuze ukhethe isilungisi esifanele kakhulu ngokuya ngezidingo zakho zokusebenza, bheka inqubo elandelayo.

Okokuqala, qonda ukuthi isici sikagesi sibalulekile:

• Izidingo zamandla: Amadivayisi ahlukene anezidingo ezihlukile zamandla esilungisi. Qinisekisa ukuthi amandla esilungisi ahlangabezana nezidingo zedivayisi.
• I-voltage nezidingo zamanje: Qonda i-voltage ye-DC kanye nobubanzi bamanje obufunwa idivayisi futhi uqiniseke ukuthi i-voltage ephumayo kanye ne-current kungaphakathi kwebanga elidingwa idivayisi.

Okwesibili, yazi izimo zangaphandle:

•  Indawo yokusebenza: Cabangela izimo zemvelo lapho isilungisi sisebenza khona, njengezinga lokushisa, umswakama, ukudlidliza, njll.

Okokugcina, naka ukusebenza:

• Ukuphumelela: Khetha izilungisi ezisebenza kahle kakhulu ukuze unciphise ukulahlekelwa.

Ukufingqa

Imakethe yokulungisa kabusha ithuthuka ngokushesha ngobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nesidingo esikhulayo. Ukuhlala unolwazi mayelana namathrendi nezici ezibalulekile kubalulekile ekwenzeni izinqumo zokuthenga ngobuhlakani. Ngokukhetha izilungisi ezifanele, ungaqinisekisa ukusebenza kahle nokuthembeka, usize ibhizinisi lakho liphumelele.