Okuqukethwe
● Isingeniso
● Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe
● Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhande okuphepha emotweni nezici zawo
● Izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha amabhande okuphepha emotweni
● Isiphetho
Isingeniso
Amabhande okuphepha ezimotweni adlala indima ebalulekile ekugcineni abantu bephephile ezimotweni nasekuvimbeleni ukulimala ngokunciphisa ingozi yokulimala kubagibeli bemoto ngesikhathi ishayisa noma ima kungazelelwe. Intuthuko ikwenze kwabaluleka ukuthi amabhizinisi kanye nabathengi bahlale benolwazi lwakamuva ngamathrendi nezinhlobo zamabhande ezihlalo atholakalayo. Ukuqonda lezi ntuthuko kubalulekile ekukhetheni izixazululo ezingcono kakhulu zokuphepha zezinhlobo ezahlukene zezimoto. Ukubambelela ekushintsheni kwemithetho yezokuphepha kuyisibopho nesinyathelo esibalulekile ekuvikeleni izimpilo zabantu ngenkathi ushayela. Emkhakheni wokuthuthukiswa kwezimoto, ukuhlala wazi ngalezi ntuthuko kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuphepha nokuphepha kwezinyathelo ezisezingeni eliphezulu.
Ukubukwa kwemakethe
Imakethe kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule isuka ku- $15.37 billion ngo-2024 iye ku- $22.56 billion ngo-2032, ngesilinganiso sokukhula sonyaka esihlanganisiwe esingu-4.9%. Lokhu kukhula kugqugquzelwa intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, njengokusebenzisa amasistimu ebhande lezihlalo njengamabhande nama-pretensioner athuthukisa ukuphepha futhi ehlise amathuba okulimala ezingozini. Ukwengeza, ohulumeni bomhlaba basebenzisa imithetho yezokuphepha ethuthukisa imakethe njengoba izinkampani zisebenza kanzima ukunamathela kulawa mazinga aguqukayo. Ukugxila okwandayo kwezokuphepha emgwaqeni kanye nezimfuneko zokusebenzisa ibhande lezimoto kuqhuba lo mkhuba.
Idatha evela ku-Fortune Business Insights ngo-2023 iphakamisa ukuthi isifunda sase-Asia Pacific sikulungele ukuhola indlela ngenani elirekhodiwe lesabelo semakethe esingu-$5.64 billion. Lo mkhuba wokukhula udalwe ukwanda kwemisebenzi yokukhiqiza izimoto nokudayiswa emazweni afana neChina, India, neJapan. Kuyaphawuleka ukuthi iShayina yabona ukwanda kokubhaliswa kwezimoto, okukhuphuke kusuka ezigidini ezingama-24 ngo-2003 kuya ezigidini ezingama-319 ngo-2022. INyakatho Melika ne-Europe nazo zinezabelo zemakethe; INorth America kulindeleke ukuthi ifake isandla ngenxa yemithetho eqinile yokuphepha kanye nezindlela ezithuthukile zokukhiqiza izimoto. Ngokuphathelene nendlela imikhiqizo edayiswa ngayo kubathengi, imakethe ihlukaniswe yaba i-Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEM) kanye nemikhakha ye-aftermarket. Umkhakha we-OEM uphethe ingxenye yemakethe ngoba amabhande ezihlalo anikezwa ngokuqondile kumkhiqizi ngamunye ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nokuhambisana nemithetho yezokuphepha. Umkhakha we-aftermarket unenani eliphansi. Isadlala indima ngokunikeza izinketho zokwenza ngokwezifiso zezimoto ezindala, okuholela ekukhuleni okuzinzile.
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zamabhande okuphepha emotweni nezici zazo
Amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-2:
Amabhande emilenzeni noma amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-2 ayizinhlobo zebhande lesihlalo ezivame ukubonakala ezimotweni nasezindizeni ezivikela ogqokile okhalweni ngokuwela indawo ethangeni. Banikeza ukuphepha ngokuvimbela umzimba. Noma kunjalo, zingase zingasebenzi kahle ekuvikeleni ezingozini ngenxa yomkhawulo wazo. Uma kuqhathaniswa nezinketho zebhande lesihlalo namuhla, ezisabalalisa amandla okuphahlazeka kahle kakhulu kuwo wonke umzimba ngezinyathelo zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe. Amabhande okuphepha e-Orion aveze ukuthi la mabhande ashintshwa kancane kancane kumamodeli ezimoto ngoba anikeza isivikelo uma kuqhathaniswa nezinhlelo zebhande lezihlalo ezithuthuke kakhulu ezisetshenziswa namuhla.
Amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-3:
Ibhande lesihlalo elinamaphuzu amathathu manje seliyisici sokuphepha esitholakala ezimotweni namuhla; iqukethe ibhande ethangeni kanye nebhande ehlombe ukuze ubambe umhlali ngokuphepha ngaphesheya kwe-pelvis nezindawo zesifuba kanyekanye. Lo mklamo usiza ukusabalalisa noma yimaphi amandla okushayisana phakathi nezifunda zomzimba futhi wehlise kakhulu amathuba okulimala kanzima. Ngokwemiphumela ye-HDFC ERGO, ibhande lesihlalo elinamaphuzu angu-3 libhekwa kabanzi njengohlobo lwebhande lesihlalo elisetshenziswayo njengamanje njengoba linikeza ukulingana okuhle phakathi kokunethezeka nokuvikela. Ukuthi isetshenziswa kubagibeli nasezimotweni kukhombisa ukuthi ikuthuthukisa kanjani ukuphepha kwabantu abangaphakathi kuzo.
Amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-4:
Izimoto ezigijimayo nezisebenza kahle zivame ukusebenzisa amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphuzu angu-4 ukuze zinikeze ukwesekwa nokuphepha, zinemichilo emibili yamahlombe kanye nebhande lamathangeni elifakwe ekwakhiweni kwazo. Bahlose ukugcina umshayeli emile lapho ejika ngokushesha kanye nezingozi ukugwema ukunyakaza okungadingekile okungase kubangele ukulimala. Njengokwemininingwane ye-Orion Safety Belts, amabhande enamaphuzu angu-4 azuza amandla ezimotweni zezemidlalo ngenxa yekhono lawo eliphakeme lokuvikela abangaphakathi uma kuqhathaniswa namabhande ezihlalo ezihlalo angu-3. Ezimeni eziyinselele lapho izimoto kufanele zisebenze ngokusemandleni azo, usizo lwazo oluthuthukisiwe lubaluleke kakhulu ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izinyathelo zokuphepha zikhona.
Amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-5:
Amabhande ezihlalo, anamaphoyinti amahlanu okunamathiselwe, avame ukubonakala kwezezimoto nasezihlalweni zokuphepha zezingane ukuze avikeleke, njengoba egxilisa umuntu ngamunye emaphoyintini amahlanu. Amabili phezu kwamahlombe nezinqulu ngayinye futhi eyodwa phakathi kwemilenze. Ukusabalalisa amandla okuthinta endaweni ebanzi yomzimba kunciphisa ithuba lokulimala kanzima. Ngokwencazelo ye-HDFC ERGO, inhloso yalawa mabhande ukuvimba abantu ukuthi bangakhishwa ezihlalweni zabo lapho beshayisana. Lokhu kubenza bafaneleke kakhulu ezimweni lapho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuzibamba, njengokugijima noma kwabancane ezihlalweni zemoto.
Amabhande athuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe:
Amabhande ezihlalo esimanje athuthuke kakhulu kwezobuchwepheshe anezele izici zokuphepha, njengama-airbag akhelwe ngaphakathi nokuzenzisa, ukuze kuvikelwe abangaphakathi lapho beshayisana noma esimweni sengozi. Ama-airbag ahlanganisiwe kula mabhande ezihlalo asebenza ukuze avikele ikhanda nentamo yomuntu ongaphakathi ngesikhathi sengozi. Umbiko weFortune Business Insights ugqamisa ukwanda kokuduma kwala mabhande phakathi kwabathengi ababeka ukuphepha eqhulwini ezimotweni zikanokusho nezesimanje. Ama-pretensioner azihambelayo alungisa ibhande lesihlalo engozini ukuze asuse noma yikuphi ukuxega futhi abambe ngokuvikelekile ohleziyo endaweni; Okwamanje, imikhawulo yomthwalo inikeza ukuguquguquka okuthile kwebhande ukugwema ukucindezela endaweni yesifuba. Le ntuthuko ibonisa ukuhamba phambili kwezinyathelo zokuphepha njengoba abenzi bezimoto belwela ukuhlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha futhi bahlangabezane nesidingo esikhulayo sabathengi sokuvikelwa okuthuthukisiwe.
Izici ezibalulekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha amabhande okuphepha emotweni
Uhlobo lwemoto kanye nokusetshenziswa:
Ukukhethwa kwamabhande ezihlalo kuthinteka kakhulu uhlobo lwemoto olucatshangelwayo. Okujwayelekile kwalokhu izimoto zabagibeli ezivamise ukufika zihlomekele amabhande ezihlalo ezinamaphoyinti angu-3 aziwa ngokuhlinzeka ngengxube yokunethezeka nokuphepha okufanelekile kumzila wokushayela. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ezinye izimoto zezentengiselwano ezisetshenziselwa ukuthutha impahla noma abantu amabanga amade zingase zidinge amabhande ezihlalo ahlanganisa izici ezifana nama-pretensioners kanye nezikhawuli zokulayisha ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabo bobabili abashayeli nabagibeli ohambweni olude. Ulwazi lwamabhande okuphepha e-PerOrion, izimoto zokusebenza, nezimoto ezinesivinini esikhulu ezifanayo ngokuvamile zisebenzisa amahhanisi angamaphoyinti angu-4 noma angu-5 ukuze zinikeze ukuzithiba nokunciphisa ukunyakaza ezimeni zokuphenduka okungazelelwe noma izingozi. Uma ukhetha amabhande emoto, kubalulekile ukucabangela amaphethini okushayela axhunywe nemoto, njengokuthi uhambo olude lwenziwa noma amathuba okushayela ngesivinini esiphezulu, njengoba lezi zici zinganquma imfuneko yezinyathelo zokuphepha ezengeziwe.
Amazinga okuphepha nokuhambisana:
Ukukhetha amabhande ezihlalo ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha kubaluleke kakhulu ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha kwabagibeli ngaphakathi emotweni. Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi amabhande ezihlalo athobela imithetho efana naleyo esungulwe i-National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (e-United States) noma i-European New Car Assessment Program (e-Europe) kubalulekile. Ngokusekelwe olwazini olusuka emithonjeni ye-Fortune Business Insights, amasistimu okuvimbela enziwe i-Original Equipment Manufacturers (OEMs) edizayinelwe amamodeli ezimoto ayahlolwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ayahlangabezana nale mihlahlandlela eqinile futhi anikeze izici zokuphepha ezisezingeni eliphezulu. Uma kukhulunywa ngamabhande ezihlalo angemuva kwemakethe nezinketho zokuwenza ngendlela oyifisayo, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ahlangabezana nezindinganiso zokuphepha ngaphambi kokuwafaka emotweni yakho. Ukunquma phakathi kwe-OEM namabhande e-aftermarket kufanele kusekelwe ekuthobeleni imithetho kanye nokucabangela izidingo zokuphepha zemoto yakho ngokuqondile.
Izici zobuchwepheshe:
Izici zokuphepha ezithuthukisiwe kumabhande ezihlalo, njengama-pre-tensioners nezikhawuli zokulayisha, zithuthukisa ukuvikela ngokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhande esimweni sokuphahlazeka. Ama-Pretensioners acinca ibhande ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze asuse ukuxega futhi avikele umhlali ngokuqinile. Izikhawuli zokulayisha zinikeza ukuguquguquka okuthile ebhandeni ukuze kuncishiswe ingcindezi esifubeni somhlali uma kwenzeka kungqubuzana. Ngokombiko we-Fortune Business Insights, lezi zici zivame ukubonakala ezimotweni zamamodeli asezingeni eliphezulu abeka phambili izinyathelo zokuphepha. Lapho ukhetha amabhande ezihlalo, kubalulekile ukukhetha ukubumbana, izimoto zokuphepha zemoto yakho zisethelwe ukuqinisekisa ukuthi zonke izingxenye zisebenza ngokuvumelana ukuze zikunikeze ukuvikeleka. Isibonelo, imoto enobuchwepheshe besimanje be-airbag ingazuza ngamabhande ezihlalo ahlanganisa ukusebenza kwama-airbag, anikeze ukuphepha lapho kushayisana.
Ukuqina nokugcinwa:
Ukuqina nokugcinwa kwamabhande ezihlalo kuqinisekisa ukuthi izinyathelo zokuphepha zikhona kubagibeli bezimoto. Ukuhlola amabhande ezihlalo ukuze abone ukuguga nokukhala, njengokufadalala noma ukusikeka, okungase kuphazamise ukusebenza kwawo kubalulekile. I-Orion Safety Belts incoma ukuthi kushintshwe noma yimaphi amabhande ezihlalo abonisa izimpawu zokuguga ukuze kugcinwe izinga eliphezulu lokuphepha ezimotweni lapho amabhande ezihlalo asetshenziswe khona isikhathi eside. Ukugcina ama-retractors namabhande esesimweni esihle kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ibhande lingabotshwa futhi likhululwe kahle uma kudingeka. Ukuhlolisisa nokushintsha amabhande ezihlalo lapho kudingeka kubalulekile ukuze ulandele imithetho yokuphepha nokugcina labo abangaphakathi emotweni bephephile.
Isiphetho
Ukukhetha ibhande lesihlalo esifanele kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuphepha nokubambelela. Kuthinta ngqo izinga lokuvikela elinikezwa abagibeli esimweni sokushayisana kwemoto. Inqubekelaphambili eqhubekayo kubuchwepheshe bezokuphepha igcizelela isidingo sokuhlala unolwazi mayelana nentuthuko kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwemiklamo yebhande lesihlalo ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi ezikhuthaza ukuphepha. Ngokukhetha amabhande athobela imithetho yezokuphepha futhi afaka phakathi ukusebenza okuthuthukile, ungakwazi ngokuphawulekayo ukunciphisa amathuba okulimala futhi uqinisekise ukuthi imoto yakho ifakwe izici zokuphepha eziphezulu.
