Amabhethri e-lithium-ion abe yingxenye ebalulekile yokuphila kwethu kwansuku zonke njengoba esetshenziswa ezinhlobonhlobo zezinto zikagesi, okuhlanganisa amakhompyutha aphathekayo, omakhalekhukhwini, namakhamera. Ngakho-ke akumangazi ukuthi isidingo lalawa mabhethri asethuthukisiwe kulindeleke ukuthi sikhuphuke ngokuphindwe kashumi nanye phakathi kuka-2020 no-2030, sifinyelele ngaphezulu. amahora amabili we-terawatt ngo-2030. Zingasindi futhi zine- amandla aphezulu amandla, okusho ukuthi bangagcina amandla amaningi kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri endabuko. Kodwa ayini ngempela lawa mabhethri e-lithium angu-18650? Zisebenza kanjani? Futhi abathengi bebhizinisi bangasho kanjani ukuthi ibhethri elithile le-18650 libafanele? Ibhulogi yanamuhla izophendula yonke le mibuzo neminye!
Okuqukethwe
Liyini ibhethri le-18650?
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amabhethri angu-18650?
Ungalithola kanjani ibhethri elilungile le-18650?
Imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokugcina amabhethri angu-18650
Zitholele ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri
Liyini ibhethri le-18650?
Ibhethri engu-18650 iyiseli elishajwayo i-lithium-ion eliqanjwe ngobukhulu balo: 18mm ububanzi no-65mm ubude. Amandla kagesi ajwayelekile wamabhethri angu-18650 angama-volts angu-3.7, futhi avame ukusetshenziswa kumaphakethe ebhethri, amalambu, ama-laptops, i-vaping, ngisho nezimoto ezithile zikagesi.
Lawa mabhethri anomthamo omkhulu futhi akhiwe izingxenye ezinhlanu eziyinhloko: i-electrode eqondile, i-electrode engeyinhle, isihlukanisi, i-electrolyte, nekesi leseli. Izinhlobo ezine zamakhemikhali ezihlukene zingatholakala ku-electrode engalungile:
- I-Lithium cobalt oxides (LiCoO2)
- I-Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn2O4)
- I-Nickel-cobalt-manganese lithium (LiNiMnCoO2)
- I-Nickel-cobalt lithium aluminate (LiNiCoAIO2)
Amabhethri angu-18650 angakwazi ukumelana nezinga lokushisa eliphezulu futhi abe nezikhathi ezinde uma kuqhathaniswa namaseli e-alkaline njengamabhethri e-AA alahlwayo. I-18650 ithathwa njengohlobo lwebhethri elikhipha amanzi amaningi, njengoba ingadonsa kufikela ku-0% wokushajwa kwayo. Kodwa lo mkhuba awunconyiwe, njengoba ungaba nomthelela omubi ekusebenzeni kwesikhathi eside kwebhethri.
Yiziphi izinzuzo zokusebenzisa amabhethri angu-18650?
Yini eyenza amabhethri angu-18650 ahluke kwezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri e-lithium aphinde ashajwe? Ukuze siphendule lo mbuzo, sizohlola izici eziyinhloko zalawa maseli ngokuya ngomthamo, izinga lokuzikhulula, kanye nemijikelezo yokushaja.
Umthamo ophezulu
Uma uqhathanisa amabhethri angu-18650 namanye amabhethri aphinde ashajwe, umuntu kufanele acabangele kuqala ukuthi ibhethri elingu-18650 lingaba namandla angakanani. Umthamo inani lamandla aqukethwe ebhethrini futhi ulinganiswa nge-mAh (ihora-milliampere).
Abanye 18650 amaphakethe ebhethri e-Li-ion zinamandla afinyelela ku-6,000 mAh, okungaphezu kokuphindwe kabili umthamo webhethri le-AA eyinhloko (cishe 400-900 mAh). Lokhu kusho ukuthi ngebhethri elilodwa le-Li-ion 18650, abasebenzisi bangathola umsebenzi omningi wenziwe kunezinye izinhlobo ezimbalwa zamabhethri angashajwa ehlangene.
Izinga lokuzikhulula eliphansi
Inzuzo yesibili yamaseli angu-18650 yiqiniso lokuthi lawa mabhethri e-lithium anezinga eliphansi lokuzikhipha, okwenza ahlale isikhathi eside kunezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri amasha. Ngokwesibonelo, i I-2,600mAh ibhetri ye-lithium ine-curve yokusebenza yomjikelezo wokukhipha omuhle kakhulu futhi ingagcina ngaphezu kuka-80% womthamo wayo ngemva kwemijikelezo engu-500 ejulile yokukhipha.
Ibhethri lizikhiphela ngokwalo umcimbi wemvelo esenzeka lapho ibhethri lingasetshenziswa, njengoba lizozikhipha ngokwalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lesi senzo sokuzikhipha ngokwakho sidalwa ukusabela kwe-electrochemical okwenzeka ngaphakathi kwebhethri noma lihlezi lingenzi lutho.
Inombolo enkulu yemijikelezo yokushaja
Enye yezinto ezinhle kakhulu ngamabhethri angu-18650 ukuthi ayakwazi ukuqina ngendlela emangalisayo. Lokhu kusho ukuthi angashajwa futhi ashajwe izikhathi ezingamakhulu, okuhlinzeka abasebenzisi ngebhethri elihlala isikhathi eside elingadingi ukushintshwa njalo. Eqinisweni, amabhethri afana amandla aphezulu reamaseli e-lithium akhokhiswayo ingashajwa izikhathi ezingafika ku-500 ngaphambi kokuthi iqale ukulahlekelwa ikhono layo lokubamba amandla.
Kodwa kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukushaja ibhethri le-18650? Okujwayelekile 18650 ishaja yebhethri inomphumela ongu-1000mAh, okusho ukuthi ukushaja ibhethri elingu-2000mAh 18650 kuzothatha amahora amabili. Lokhu kushesha kakhulu kunesikhathi sokushaja samahora amane samabhethri e-AA.
Ungalithola kanjani ibhethri elilungile le-18650?
Ngaphambi kokuthenga ibhethri le-18650 ledivayisi ye-elekthronikhi enikeziwe, abathengi kufanele bazi imininingwane yayo eyisisekelo ukuze baqinisekise ukuthi ibhethri elifanele likhethiwe. Ngenhlanhla, lesi sigaba siveza izici ezithile ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke lapho uthenga amabhethri e-lithium-ion 18650 amasha.
Amandla kanye nokukhishwa okuqhubekayo kwamandla
Amapharamitha amabili abaluleke kakhulu okufanele acatshangelwe lapho uthenga amabhethri angu-18650 umthamo kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokuphuma eliphephile eliqhubekayo (eyaziwa nangokuthi C isilinganiso). Lawa manani amabili ahlobene ngokuphambene, okusho ukuthi njengoba umthamo ukhula, ukukhishwa okuphezulu kwamanje kuyehla.
Isilinganiso esiphezulu esiqhubekayo sokukhipha amandla yi-amperage ephezulu kakhulu okufanele ibhethri ye-lithium-ion isebenze ngayo. Ngokwesibonelo, i- 3.6v 18650h iyibhethri elikhipha amanzi amaningi elinamandla okuzisholo angu-2600mAh, kodwa linokukhishwa okuphezulu kwamanje okungu-30A, okuyenza ibe yinhle kumathoshi, amathuluzi kagesi, namanye amadivaysi adinga ukusebenza ngamandla amakhulu kuyo yonke impilo yawo yesevisi.
Amabhethri aphansi phezulu vs amabhethri enkinobho
Amabhethri angu-18650 anezinguqulo ezimbili zezigxobo ezinhle: ingaphezulu eliyisicaba kanye nenkinobho ephezulu. Amadivayisi amaningi asekela ukusetshenziswa kwazo zombili izinhlobo, kodwa amabhethri enkinobho ephezulu njenge Amaseli ebhethri e-Li-ion zivumelana nezinto eziningi zikagesi, njengoba zilingana kahle zingashiyi isikhala sokunyakaza noma ukuduka.
Amabhethri avikelwe uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri angavikelekile
Akekho ofuna ukubanjiswa ibhethri elifile lapho elidinga kakhulu. Kungakho kubalulekile ukuthatha isikhathi sokuhlukanisa phakathi kwamabhethri avikelwe nangavikelekile ngaphambi kokwenza isinqumo sokuthenga.
Amabhethri avikelwe anesekhethi ye-elekthronikhi eshumekiwe kumakesi awo. Lo mjikelezo uvikela ekushajeni ngokweqile/ukukhishwa kanye namasekhethi amafushane. Ngokwesibonelo, i 4,000mAh 18650 ibhethri iqukethe ibhodi elivikelayo futhi izosebenza ngokuphepha ezingeni lokushisa elifinyelela ku-60°C. Leli iseli lebhethri eliphelele lamadivayisi anamandla afana nezibani ze-LED, imisakazo ephathekayo, namakhamera.
Ngakolunye uhlangothi, amabhethri angavikelekile awanalo lolu hlobo lokuvikela olwakhelwe kuwo, kodwa ngokuvamile abiza kancane futhi abe nomthamo omkhulu kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kufanele zisetshenziswe kuphela ngokuhambisana nedivaysi yokuqapha yangaphandle, njenge amabhodi okuvikela ibhethri or amasistimu okuphatha ibhethri ukuqapha isimo sabo sempilo nokuvimbela noma yimuphi umonakalo noma ukungasebenzi kahle.
Imikhuba engcono kakhulu yokugcina amabhethri angu-18650
Amabhethri e-lithium azwela kakhulu ezimeni zangaphandle futhi angaqhuma amalangabi uma ephathwa ngendlela engafanele. Ngakho-ke, ukugcinwa okufanele kubalulekile ukuze kugcinwe ikhwalithi yazo kanye nokugcina impilo yeshalofu isikhathi eside ngangokunokwenzeka. Nazi izinto ezimbalwa okufanele uzikhumbule lapho ugcina amabhethri angu-18650.
Temperature
Amabhethri e-lithium-ion azwela emazingeni okushisa aphezulu futhi angonakala uma echayeka ekushiseni okuphezulu isikhathi eside. Indlela engcono kakhulu yokugcina amabhethri e-lithium angu-18650 isezingeni lokushisa elivamile, elingama-20-25 degrees Celsius.
Umswakama
Amabhethri angu-18650 nawo kufanele agcinwe endaweni eyomile. Umswakama ungabangela ukugqwala kuma-electrode, okungaholela ekungasebenzini kwebhethri noma ukulimala unomphela. Labo abahlala ezindaweni ezinomswakama kungase kudingeke bagcine amabhethri abo esikhwameni sepulasitiki esivalekile, okufakwe ubuhlalu bejeli ye-silica ukusiza ukumunca umswakama.
Isimo sokubusa
Ngenxa yemvelo yawo yokuzikhipha, kunconywa kakhulu ukuthi ugcine amabhethri e-lithium-ion angu-18650 esimweni sokushajwa kancane—cishe u-40-60% womthamo wawo wokushaja. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ukugwema ukuwagcina egcwele; ngaphandle kwalokho, zingaba izingozi zomlilo eziyingozi.
Gcina kude nezinto zensimbi
Okokugcina, amabhethri angu-18650 kufanele agcinwe kude nezinto zensimbi, njengezinhlamvu zemali noma okhiye, njengoba lezi zinto zisengozini yokuwalimaza noma ukuwabangela ukuba asebenze isikhathi esifushane.
Zitholele ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri
Lo mhlahlandlela uyisiqalo nje samabhizinisi afuna ukungena ajule emhlabeni wobuchwepheshe bebhethri. Ukuze uthole ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izinhlobo zamabhethri ezikhona, bheka lokhu iposi blog futhi ufunde ukuthi ungakhetha kanjani amabhethri angcono kakhulu azosetshenziswa ekhaya nakwezentengiso.
