Kubanikazi bamakhaya abaningi, ukuphela konyaka kuvame ukuba yisikhathi somunye umzuliswano “wokuphuma nezinto ezindala, ungene nentsha” yokuhlanza nokuthuthukisa izinto zasendlini. Kubathengisi, lokhu kuphinda kufane nesizini yamathuba, ikakhulukazi kunoma yiziphi izinto zobuchwepheshe obuthuthukisiwe obuthembisa ukuthuthukiswa okungcono kanye nokwenza lula okuthuthukisiwe empilweni. Isibonelo, noma iyiphi idivayisi noma insiza ethuthukisa ikhwalithi yokubuka ku-TV, ukuze wonke umndeni ukwazi ukujabulela lezo zikhathi ezikhethekile ndawonye phakathi nenkathi yamaholide.
Hlangana neshuna ye-ATSC 3.0, idivayisi eshintsha umdlalo engashintsha ngokuphawulekayo ukuguquguquka kokubuka i-TV yasekhaya. Funda ukuze uthole ukuthi iyini ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0, futhi uhlole amandla ayo emakethe, kanye nezinhlobo ezibalulekile abathengisi abangazinikeza nokuthi bangazikhetha kanjani.
Okuqukethwe
Uhlolojikelele lwamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 nokumbozwa kwemakethe
Iyini ingoma ye-ATSC 3.0
Ukufakwa kwemakethe kwe-ATSC 3.0
Amathuba omthengisi emakethe yeshuna ye-ATSC 3.0
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Izinto ezihlukile zefomu
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Anezici ezithuthukile
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Izinketho ezihlanganisiwe nezinwebekayo
Ungayikhetha kanjani ishuna efanele ye-ATSC 3.0
Izithameli eziqondiwe nezimakethe
Ihambisana nama-TV namadivayisi
Amakhono okuvuselela isofthiwe
Ukushuna phambili
Uhlolojikelele lwamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 nokumbozwa kwemakethe
Iyini ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0
Ukuthola isithombe esigcwele sokuthi iyini ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0, ake siqale sifunde ngokuthi i-ATSC imele ini. Ngokuphelele, kubhekiselwa ku-Advanced Television Systems Committee, Inc., okuyiNPO yomhlaba wonke (inhlangano engenzi nzuzo) ebilokhu ithuthukisa izinga le-ATSC 1.0 kusukela ngaleso sikhathi. 1996. Indima yayo eyinhloko ukuthuthukisa amazinga kamabonakude wedijithali anika amandla ukuchazwa okuphezulu (i-HD) nomsindo ozungezile.
Ngokungafani ne-ATSC 1.0, esekela ukusakazwa kwe-HD okunokulungiswa okuphezulu okungu-1080 (1920×1080) kanye ne-aspect ratio engu-16:9, i-ATSC 3.0 eyethulwe ngo-2020 inikeza ikhwalithi ephezulu kakhulu kuzo zonke izici zevidiyo, umsindo, nokusebenzisana. Ikhwalithi yevidiyo ngokuyisisekelo yeqa isuka ku-Full HD eyandulelayo iye ku-4K Ultra HD ekulungisweni kwayo nge-HDR namafomethi omsindo agxilile asekelwayo, isibonelo, i-Dolby Atmos kanye Umsindo we-MPEG-H.
Kodwa-ke, zonke lezi ntuthuko ekubukeni nasekulaleleni azisona isici esiyinhloko esiqinisekisa ukuthi i-ATSC 3.0 ibhalwe ngokuthi “NextGen” TV, okubonisa izinga lokusakaza lesizukulwane esilandelayo. Ukuhlanganiswa nokusatshalaliswa kwe-Internet Protocol (IP) kuleli zinga elisha elichaza isimo sayo soguquko. Ingqalasizinda enikwe amandla i-IP, enikwa amandla uxhumo lwe-inthanethi, ivumela ukusakazwa kwe-TV okujwayelekile ukuthi kuhlanganiswe nezici ezisekelwe ku-inthanethi, njengevidiyo lapho kudingeka khona, izikhangiso ezihlosiwe, nokuqukethwe komuntu siqu.
Ukudluliswa kwesignali okuthuthukisiwe ngokwamukelwa kwezinga elisha lokushintshwa kwe-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) ukuze kuguqulwe idatha yedijithali ibe amasignali amafrikhwensi omsakazo afanele ukuze adluliselwe kungenye into evelele ye-ATSC 3.0. Uma kuqhathaniswa nokuguquguquka okudala kwe-8VSB ku-ATSC 1.0, i-OFDM isebenzisa amagagasi enkampani yenethiwekhi amaningi asakazwa ngesikhathi esisodwa ngezingxenyana zedatha emincane, iwathumela ngaphezu kwezinkampani zenethiwekhi ezimbalwa ze-orthogonal (ezingagqagqani). Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi aziphazamisi zodwa, okwenza isistimu imelane kakhulu nokuhlanekezelwa kwezindlela eziningi futhi ifanele amadivaysi eselula naphathwayo.
Ukwamukela okuthuthukisiwe nokusebenziseka okubanzi kuwo womabili amadivayisi alungisiwe kanye neselula kuthola ukuthuthuka okwengeziwe kokwamukelwa komsebenzisi ngokuhambisana okusemuva kwamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 njengoba ngokuvamile ahlanganisa amashuna akabili ukuphatha womabili amazinga e-ATSC 1.0 kanye ne-3.0. Ngakho-ke, ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0, ingathola futhi idlale amasiginali okusakaza emoyeni we-ATSC 1.0 kanye ne-ATSC 3.0, iwaguqule abe ifomu elingabukwa ngamafomethi omsindo athuthukisiwe kunoma yisiphi isikrini se-TV. Ishintsha isethi ye-TV ejwayelekile ibe idivayisi ehlakaniphe kakhulu, eguquguqukayo, futhi esebenzisanayo enganikezeli nje kuphela ukubukwa okuphezulu nokwenza ngendlela oyifisayo kodwa nokusebenzisana kanye nokwenza kube ngokwakho okwengeziwe.
Ukufakwa kwemakethe kwe-ATSC 3.0
Ngokufana nobunye ubuchwepheshe bokuboniswa kwemidiya obuningi obuhlobene, kunezimfuneko ezithile okufanele zigcwaliseke ngaphambi kokuthi ubuchwepheshe bokubonisa bukwazi ukubonisa amakhono abo ngokugcwele. Kumashuni e-ATSC 3.0, esinye sezici ezisobala kakhulu zezidingo ezinjalo ukulungela kokusakaza nemithombo yokuqukethwe ekwazi ukudlulisa amasiginali we-ATSC 3.0.
Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngasekupheleni kuka-2024, kusukela eNyakatho Melika kuya eNingizimu Melika ngisho nase-Asia, ezingaphezu kuka 80% yabasakazi emazweni afana ne-United States, iSouth Korea, ne-Jamaica sebevele sebemi ngomumo ngo-ATSC 3.0. Amanye amazwe, anjengeBrazil, Canada, India, kanye neMexico, kulindeleke ukuthi abambe iqhaza kugagasi lokutholwa kwe-ATSC 3.0.
Amathuba omthengisi emakethe yeshuna ye-ATSC 3.0
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Izinto ezihlukile zefomu
Imakethe yamashuna angaphandle e-ATSC 3.0 inikezela ngezinto eziningi ezahlukahlukene, ezisebenza njengethuba elinenzuzo enkulu kubathengisi njengoba ngayinye yalezi zici zefomu imele izinzuzo ezihlukene nezethameli eziqondiwe. Enye yezinketho ezivame kakhulu nezingabizi kakhulu ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0, eza ngefomethi ye-USB dongle. Lezi I-ATSC 3.0 izishuni ze-USB zingasindi futhi kulula ukuzithwala uma kubhekwa osayizi bazo abahlangene nabaphathekayo. Zivamise ukuba yi-plug-and-play futhi zingaxhunywa kalula ngaphandle kwenqubo yokufaka eyinkimbinkimbi. Eqinisweni, lezi I-ATSC 3.0 izinti ze-USB zinikeza ubulula nezimo ezisebenziseka kalula ezifaneleke kokubili ukusetha okuphathekayo nokunganyakazi, abathengisi abangazuza kuzo ukuze baqonde kokubili izimakethe zokufakwa kweselula nezigxilile.
Ngaphandle kwenguqulo elula nengenazinkinga ye-ATSC 3.0 USB TV tuner, ezimele ATSC 3.0 amabhokisi e-TV or ATSC 3.0 set-top amabhokisi akha ithuba lokuthengisa eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, elithuthukisiwe labalandeli beshuna abanomdlandla noma abanolwazi kakhulu lwe-ATSC 3.0. Lawa mashuna afika ngamabhokisi aphezulu avame ukubizwa ngokushintshana Iziguquli ze-ATSC 3.0.
Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi igama elithi “isiguquli” lingase lidukise ngoba, ngokungafani namabhokisi amadala okuguqula i-analog kuya kwedijithali kusukela esikhathini se-ATSC 1.0, iziguquli ze-ATSC 3.0 azikhiphi isignali ye-analog. Kunalokho, baphinde bakhiphe isignali yedijithali (imvamisa nge-HDMI) elungele ama-TV esimanje. Ngakho-ke, ibhokisi lokuguqulela le-ATSC 3.0 liyafana nje neshuna, ngaphandle kokuthi liyishuna yangaphandle eyenza ukwamukela kwe-ATSC 3.0 ku-TV engayihlanganisanga.
Igumbuqela ngokuphelele umbono ongokwesiko wokusetshenziswa kwamashuna we-TV, enye indlela yokwakheka kweshuna ye-ATSC 3.0 iyathakazelisa njengoba naphezu kokuba ishuna ye-TV, isebenza kahle ngaphandle kwama-TV. Indima ye-TV, esikhundleni salokho, ithathelwa indawo i-motherboard yekhompiyutha nge-PCIe Slots, evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babukele futhi baqophe ithelevishini esemoyeni ye-ATSC 3.0 ngqo kuma-PC abo uma sebefake Amakhadi we-ATSC 3.0 PCIe Tuner. Ngamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 atholakala kuzinto zekhadi le-PCIe, amakhompyutha angakwazi ukuthola futhi anqume ukusakazwa kwe-NextGen TV, aqede isidingo sama-TV, futhi abonise ithuba elihle lokuthi abathengisi bangene emakethe esekelwe kwi-PC.
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Anezici ezithuthukile
Ezweni lapho ukuhlangana kubonakala kungekona nje okujwayelekile kodwa kuyinkambiso ebalulekile, kuyasiza ngempela ukuheha abathengi abaningi ngokunikeza amashuna e-ATSC 3.0 nezinye izici ezengeziwe. An Ishuna ye-ATSC 3.0 enerekhoda yevidiyo yedijithali (DVR) ukusebenza, isibonelo, kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi baqophe intandokazi yabo ngokuqukethwe kwe-OTA (emoyeni), okwengeza inani elibonakalayo elibonakalayo kubasebenzisi abafuna ukuguquguquka nokulawula okuqukethwe kwabo kokubuka.
Khonamanjalo, kukhona nezinye izishuni ezithuthukisiwe ze-ATSC 3.0 eza nezinsiza ezengeziwe zokuxhuma, okuhlanganisa izici ezifana ne-Bluetooth, i-Ethernet, ne-Wi-Fi. Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0 anoxhumo lwe-Wi-Fi ziwusizo kakhulu ekunikeni amandla izici ezihlukahlukene ze-inthanethi, kusukela kuvidiyo efunwayo (i-VOD), izinsizakalo zokusakaza, nezibuyekezo ze-firmware kuya kuzinhlelo zokusebenza ze-TV ezisebenzisanayo kanye nokusakaza-bukhoma okunamagumbi amaningi kumadivayisi asekelwe kunethiwekhi.
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0 ane-Bluetooth ukuhlanganiswa, ngakolunye uhlangothi, kubalulekile ekuhlanganisweni kwe-peripheral kanye neselula. Lawa mashuna enza ukubhanqa nokuphathwa kwamadivayisi anikwe amandla i-Bluetooth njengama-headphone, izipikha, nanoma imaphi ama-smartphone noma amathebulethi kube lula kakhulu. Baphinde basekele ukuhlanganiswa nezinhlelo zasekhaya ezihlakaniphile zokulawula izwi nokuzenzakalelayo.
Wonke lawa mashuna e-ATSC 3.0 anokurekhoda okwengeziwe nokuxhumana okuthuthukile angathuthukisa ulwazi lomsebenzisi, futhi asize ukuthuthukisa ukuncintisana phakathi kweminikelo ekhona yeshuna ye-ATSC njengoba esebenza njengento efakazela isikhathi esizayo futhi eguquguqukayo. Abathengisi bangakwazi ukusebenzisa lezi zici ezintsha ukuze baqhubeke bahlukanise futhi bamakethe imikhiqizo yabo.
Amashuni e-ATSC 3.0: Izinketho ezihlanganisiwe nezinwebekayo
Ngaphandle kwezinto ezihlukene zamafomu kanye nokuhlonyiswa ngezici ezengeziwe ezengeziwe, abathengisi bangabheka ukunonga amadili ngokunikeza izixazululo ezihlanganisiwe ezifana nama-TV anamamodeli akhelwe ngaphakathi eshuna ye-ATSC 3.0 noma amasethi we-TV amane anamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 afakwe ngokwehlukana. Zonke lezi zinketho ezihlanganisiwe nezinwebekayo ziwusizo kakhulu kubathengisi be-TV abakhona kanye nabathengisi abahlobene nezingxenyekazi zekhompyutha ze-TV abahlinzeka ngesisekelo samakhasimende ahlukahlukene, abanzi, futhi ahlukahlukene.
Iningi lemikhiqizo ye-TV emikhulu izwakalisa umdlandla nethemba ekuphenduleni ukwamukelwa kwezinga le-ATSC 3.0 ngokwethula ngenkuthalo amasethi e-TV akamuva anamashuna akhelwe ngaphakathi e-ATSC 3.0. Ngokwesibonelo, the I-Sony Bravia XR A80K OLED TV uchungechunge lwemibhalo yobuciko, I-LG QNED80A smart TV Amamodeli kuthiwa aphakathi kwamaphayona ekuhlanganiseni ubuchwepheshe be-ATSC 3.0 kusukela ekuqaleni kuka-2022 futhi asakhula kuze kube manje. Uchungechunge lwe-Sony Bravia ngokusobala amamodeli akhuthaza ngenkuthalo amazinga e-ATSC 3.0, njengenye imodeli yawo ephambili: I-Sony I-Sony Bravia XR A95L OLED Ama-TV ngo-2023, ayaqhubeka nokubonisa amakhono athuthukile aneshuna eyakhelwe ngaphakathi ye-ATSC 3.0.
Izisombululo zeshuna ze-ATSC 3.0 ezinwebekayo, noma ikakhulukazi, izinketho zokuhlanganisa zimelela okunye okunikezwayo okudayisekayo nokukhangayo okungakhuthazwa abathengisi. Isibonelo, ama-TV angathengiswa kanye namabhokisi okushuna we-ATSC 3.0 noma amabhokisi okusetha phezulu kweshuna ye-ATSC 3.0 ukuze kuthuthukiswe imisebenzi nekhwalithi yama-TV ajwayelekile. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, abathengisi bangase futhi bahlanganise i- ATSC 3.0 USB dongles noma amakhadi eshuna e-PCIe ATSC 3.0 anamakhompyutha noma amanye amadivaysi e-Android ahambisanayo ukuze anwebe ukusebenza.
Sekukonke, lezi zinketho ezakhelwe ngaphakathi nezihlanganisiwe zandisa kakhulu amathuba okuhlukahluka futhi zithuthukisa amathuba abathengisi.
Ungayikhetha kanjani ishuna efanele ye-ATSC 3.0
Izithameli eziqondiwe nezimakethe
Ukucatshangelwa okubaluleke kakhulu kubathengisi lapho bekhetha amashuna alungile e-ATSC 3.0 okufanele afakwe kuwo ukuhambisana nezidingo zezethameli eziqondiwe nezimakethe. Imakethe okuqondiswe kuyo ibalulekile njengoba abathengisi kufanele bagxile ezifundeni ezisakazwayo ze-ATSC 3.0 namazwe ngokuhambisana nezimfuno zemakethe. Ngokwemvelo, njengoba ingelinye lamazinga akamuva okusakaza esizukulwaneni esilandelayo emhlabeni, amashuni e-ATSC 3.0 athandeka kakhulu kubathengi be-tech-savvy kanye nabathengi be-premium abalandela isipiliyoni sokuzijabulisa sasekhaya esithuthukisiwe. Kungakho izishuni ze-ATSC 3.0 ezinezici ezithuthuke kakhulu nezinketho eziningi zokuxhumana zingaheha la maqembu abathengi abaqondisiwe.
Kuye ngezibukeli eziqondiwe kanye nemakethe futhi, abathengisi bangase bacabangele ukukhetha ohlwini lwezici zefomu lezinto ezikhethwa yikhasimende ezihlukene kanye nezindawo zokuzifaka. Izinketho eziphathekayo nezihlangene njengama-dongle e-USB kanye nezinketho ezihlanganiswe ngaphakathi ezisekelwe ekhadini, njengamakhadi e-PCIe, isibonelo, zisebenzela ukubhekana nemakethe ye-niche uma kuqhathaniswa nezishuna ezivame ukutholakala, ezizimele zodwa.
Ihambisana nama-TV namadivayisi
Ngokufanayo nazo zonke ezinye izinhlobo zemishini kagesi yabathengi, ukusetshenziswa kwamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 kuhilela ukucatshangelwa kokuhambisana okuthile. Lapho ihlanganisa kuma-TV, izici eziyinhloko zincike ezimbobeni zokufaka ze-TV nokusekelwa kwesofthiwe. Isibonelo, amashuna e-ATSC 3.0 ngokuvamile angaxhunywa kalula kuma-TV anamuhla, ahlakaniphile ngokufakwa kwe-HDMI, kanti kumamodeli amadala we-TV anezimbobo eziyinhlanganisela ye-RCA, ama-adaptha engeziwe angase adingeke ukuze kusekelwe uxhumo lwe-RCA.
Okwamanje, abathengisi abahlose ukuhlinzeka ngamashuna e-ATSC 3.0 USB stick kufanele futhi baqaphele ukuhambisana kwawo namakhompuyutha kanye namadivayisi we-Android eza nezimbobo ze-USB. Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi noma ama-TV amaningi esimanje namuhla eza nezimbobo ze-USB, angase angawasekeli amashuna e-ATSC 3.0 USB ngenxa yokuntuleka kwabashayeli abadingekayo.
Amakhono okuvuselela isofthiwe
Okokugcina, lapho kukhethwa amashuna afanelekayo e-ATSC 3.0, abathengisi kufanele babheke ukuhambisana kwesikhathi eside nokuvumelana nezimo, okuboniswa ngokuyinhloko ngezibuyekezo zesofthiwe, izithuthukisi ezingaba khona, nokwandiswa kwesikhathi esizayo.
Ngokuphathelene nesofthiwe nokutholakala kwabashayeli, abathengisi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi abashayeli abadingekayo kanye nesofthiwe kuyatholakala futhi bangabuyekezwa njalo ukuze bahlale bencintisana. Sekukonke, ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nokusebenza okuthuthukisiwe, okuhambisana namazinga okusakaza athuthukayo kanye nezethulo zesici esisha kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi izishuni ziyavumelana nobuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokusakaza.
Ukushuna phambili
I-ATSC 3.0 iyindinganiso entsha yokusakaza eyakhiwe yi-ATSC NPO, ethatha indawo yezinga langaphambilini le-ATSC 1.0 ukuze lingenise inkathi ye-NextGen TV. Leli zinga elisha kakhulu liletha ukuthuthuka okuningi mayelana nokudluliswa kwesignali kuzici ezisekelwe ku-IP, ukwamukela okuthuthukisiwe, nokusebenzisana. Amashuni amaningi e-ATSC 3.0 eza nokucushwa okuxubile noma okukabili, okukwazi ukusekela womabili amazinga okusakaza e-ATSC 1.0 kanye ne-3.0. Ngakho-ke bangasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukusakazwa kungatholwa kunoma iyiphi i-TV ngekhwalithi yomsindo nevidiyo ethuthukisiwe, kanye nazo zonke ezinye izici ezisebenzayo zamazinga e-ATSC 3.0. Ngaphezu kwe-80% ye-United States neSouth Korea asevele embozwe nge-ATSC 3.0 deployments.
Abathengisi banganikela ngezishuni ze-ATSC 3.0 eziza ngezindlela ezihlukene, ezinezici ezithuthukile, nezishuna ezakhelwe ngaphakathi ze-ATSC 3.0 noma izinketho zokuzihlanganisa nama-TV, amakhompyutha, noma amadivayisi ngokufanele. Lapho kucutshungulwa izinhlu zamashuni e-ATSC 3.0 azonikezwa, abathengisi bangabonisa izethameli eziqondiwe nezimakethe, ukusebenzisana kwamashuna akhethiwe nama-TV namadivayisi, kanye nekhono labo lokubuyekeza isofthiwe.
Bamba leli thuba, ulungiselele kusengaphambili ngokunikeza amashuna e-ATSC 3.0, futhi uhlole amanye Imininingwane ehlobene ne-TV lapha I-Chovm.com Iyafunda. Ukuvakasha okuvamile kuqinisekisa ukufinyelela kumasu amasha kanye nemibono yokukhula ekusebenzeni kahle kwempahla futhi kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwebhizinisi lezitolo ezinkulu.
