Kuyini ukuhlaziya ubungozi futhi kungani kubalulekile?
Ingozi nokungaqiniseki kuvame ukusho ingozi noma umvuzo; yingxenye engenakugwemeka yanoma yiluphi uhlelo lwebhizinisi. Nakuba kungenakwenzeka ukuqeda, kungahlaziywa kahle futhi kulawulwe ngamathuluzi afanele.
Ukuhlaziya ubungozi kuhlonza, kuhlukanise futhi kuhlaziye imithelela engaba khona nelindelekile esihlokweni esithakaselwayo, kugxilwe ngokukhethekile emithelela engemihle.
Igxile ekungaqinisekini kanye nokwenzeka kwezehlakalo, ngenhloso yokukhawulela imiphumela eyingozi yemiphumela engaba khona.
Ukuhlaziya ubungozi kubalulekile lapho wenza izinqumo zebhizinisi ezandisa imivuzo futhi zikala ubungozi obungalindelekile.
Lapho uhlaziya ubungozi ebhizinisini, kubalulekile ukuhlukanisa phakathi ikhwalithi nobungako ingozi. Ukulinganisa ubungozi ngokwezinombolo kwakha umgogodla wenqubo yokuhlaziya ubungozi.
Ukuchaza ubungozi ngendlela efanele kuyindawo ekahle yokuqala futhi kuveza ulwazi olubalulekile futhi kufake uhlaka lokuhlola ubungozi mayelana nemibuzo oyithakaselayo.
Ukuhlaziya ubungozi obusezingeni eliphezulu kanye ne-SWOT
Enye indlela yokuqala inqubo yokuhlaziya ubungozi iwukuhlaziya okulula kwe-SWOT (amandla, ubuthakathaka, amathuba, izinsongo). Ukuze uqonde isihloko esithakaselwayo, qala ngokuhlonza izici zayo ezinhle nezingezinhle.
Cabanga ngengxoxo nomuntu obambe iqhaza kakhulu esihlokweni esithakaselayo futhi wenze imibuzo esekelwe olwazini lwakho jikelele.
Inkampani iqhathaniswa kanjani nomncintiswano? Ingathuthuka kuphi? Ingabe ilungiselelwe isimo esibi kakhulu?
Ukuhlukanisa izimpendulo zakho nge-SWOT kusiza ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwemiklomelo engaba khona nobungozi. Imibuzo enamagama, kokubili eqondile nevamile, inikeza ukuqonda ngezingozi ezingaba khona kanye nama-metrics okufanele aphenywe.
Ukusebenzisa ukuhlaziywa kwe-SWOT ku-Amazon, qaphela ukuthi abasebenzi abaningi benkampani benza amandla okusebenza aphezulu uma kuqhathaniswa nezimbangi.
Ngenxa yalokho, amazinga esabelo semakethe enkampani ayakhuphuka, aveza ithuba. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ungathola ukuthi ubungozi bezezimali obuphakathi kwe-Amazon bungase busongela ukusebenza.
Ukuhlaziywa kwe-SWOT kunikeza uhlaka oluqinile nendawo yokuqala yokuhlonza imiklomelo nezingozi. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlela okutholakele kwakho kokuhlaziywa kwangemva kobungozi ukuze kuqhathaniswe ngqo nemivuzo nezingozi.
Ukuqala ngezilinganiso zobungozi
Ukuze wenze umqondo obambekayo wezingozi, kungcono ukuzichaza ngezinombolo. Izilinganiso zobungozi zinikeza imethrikhi elula ukuyiqonda ukwenza lokhu. Izilinganiso zihlanganisa idatha ehlukahlukene ukuchaza umqondo ojwayelekile. Isibonelo, i-IBISWorld inikeza izilinganiso zengcuphe zesakhiwo ezimbonini.
Leli phuzu ngokwezinombolo lichaza izinto eziyisisekelo zemboni, njengokuncintisana, ukuntengantenga kanye nezithiyo zokungena. Isikolo, esikalini sika-1 kuya ku-5, sinikeza inkomba elula yamazinga obungozi aphansi, aphakathi nendawo noma aphezulu.
Ngokusebenzisa isikali esifanayo, izilinganiso zokukhula zihlanganisa iminyaka yakamuva yokukhula nokukhula kwesibikezelo ukuze kunqunywe amandla emboni eya phambili. Amaphuzu ezingozi zokuzwela abangela izici zangaphandle ezithinta ukusebenza komkhakha.
Isibonelo, iphesenti labantu baseMelika abanomshwalense wezempilo ozimele kanye noxhaso lwenhlangano lwe-Medicare factor ukukala ukuzwela kwemboni yeZibhedlela, enikeza umbono wokuba sengozini izinguquko kulezi zici zangaphandle.
Isikolo ngasinye sinomthelela ku- isilinganiso sobungozi esiphelele embonini. Uma ubheka lezi zilinganiso, uthola umbono oyisisekelo wokuthi imboni iyingozi kangakanani.
Ukuxazulula ingozi ngezilinganiso
Izilinganiso zinika amandla ukuhlolwa kwengozi okusheshayo nokulula. Okubalulekile, nokho, ukuqonda izingxenye zesilinganiso nokuthi zihlobana kanjani.
Izilinganiso ngokuvamile ziphendula lo mbuzo olandelayo: ingakanani i-akhawunti ka-A ethi B? Noma: Angakhava kangaki u-B? Ngokwesibonelo, lapho uhlaziya imboni Yezibhedlela e-United States, zibuze, yimalini engenayo eya emholweni?
Ukuhlukanisa amaholo kalula ngenzuzo kubangela amaphesenti aphathekayo ongahlola kuwo ubungozi bokwenyusa amaholo.
Izilinganiso ze-Liquidity zikala ubungozi besikweletu njengokufakwa kwesikweletu kanye nengozi yokungakhokhi. Ngokwesibonelo, i isilinganiso esisheshayo ibalwa ngezimpahla zamanje kukhishwe uhlu lwamagama oluhlukaniswe izikweletu zamanje futhi ihlola ikhono lokumboza izikweletu ngesikhathi esifushane.
Buyisela ezimpahleni, elinganiswa njengemali engenayo ehlukaniswe ngempahla ephelele, ichaza ukusebenza kahle kanye nendlela izimpahla ezikhiqiza ngempumelelo ngayo ukuthengiswa.
Lezi zilinganiso zisiza ekunqumeni ukuthi yini ebeka engcupheni noma yini ekugcineni engadala ingozi.
Ukubeka engcupheni umbono ngezilinganiso zokuqhathanisa
Okubambekayo njengoba lezi zinombolo zingase zibe njalo, uma kuqhathaniswa namazinga athile, kubeka izilinganiso, izilinganiso kanye nezingozi endaweni efanele. Isibonelo, izimboni namabhizinisi kungabhekwa njengokusebenza ngokweqile noma okungaphansi kokulindelwe.
Isilinganiso somkhakha sisebenza njengesilinganiso esisodwa sokuqhathanisa ezimbonini. Isibonelo, imali engenayo ye umkhakha Wezokunakekelwa Kwezempilo kanye Nosizo Lwezenhlalakahle kulindeleke ukuthi yenyuke ngezinga lonyaka lika-1.9% phakathi neminyaka emihlanu kuya ku-2021 (idatha yakamuva etholakalayo). Imali engenayo ye- Imboni yezazi zokusebenza kwengqondo, osonhlalakahle kanye nabeluleki bemishado kulindeleke ukuthi ikhule ngesilinganiso sonyaka esingu-5.8% ngesikhathi esifanayo.
Uma kuqhathaniswa, imboni Yezazi Zengqondo, Osonhlalakahle kanye Nabeluleki Bomshado idlula umkhakha wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uwonke, noma ngamanye amazwi, ibhentshimark.
Ngaphakathi embonini yePsychologists, Osonhlalakahle kanye Nabeluleki Bomshado, inkampani I-IBH Integrated Behavioral Health Inc. (IBH) zingaqhathaniswa nezilinganiso zezimboni.
I-IBISWorld Ukuthengwa kwe-IQ inkundla inikeza idatha yezezimali kubaqhubi bezimboni ezizimele ezinobubanzi obuphansi kuya phezulu kanye nenkomba yokuzethemba ukuze ihlaziywe.
I-IBISWorld ilinganisela ububanzi obuphansi (izikhathi ezingu-1.1) ukuya phezulu (izikhathi ezingu-1.3) zesilinganiso esisheshayo se-IBH. Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-benchmark yezikhathi ze-1.7 zemboni Yezengqondo, Osonhlalakahle kanye Nabeluleki Bomshado, etholakala embonini. Izilinganiso Zezezimali Zemboni esigabeni, inkampani ibeka engcupheni ephezulu yesikweletu, nakuba ngezinga eliphansi lokuqiniseka.
Isikolo esilula kanambambili singaqoqa amamethrikhi emboni noma enkampani uma kuqhathaniswa namabhentshimakhi. Sebenzisa u-1 ukuze ubonise ukusebenza kahle kuno-0 ngokusebenza ngaphansi kunokulindelwe kumamethrikhi ahlukahlukene, bese uqhathanisa isamba nesamba esingaba khona, unikeze ukuqonda ngengozi iyonke.
- Ukwehluka kanye nokuhlaziywa kwezibalo zengozi
Izikolo namabhentshimakhi ahlola amazinga engcuphe ngokuqhathanisa. I-Volatility empeleni ukuthi into ishintsha kangakanani. Isilinganiso esisodwa sikala ukuguquguquka okuphelele.
Bukela i imboni yezibhedlela, imali engenayo ishintshe isilinganiso se $82.1 million ngonyaka phakathi kuka-2019 no-2021, noma isilinganiso esingu-7.4% ngonyaka, okubonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu phakathi naleso sikhathi. Zombili zithwebula ukuntengantenga kwemali engenayo ngesikhathi esithile.
Kaningi, ukwenza lolu shintsho lube ngokulinganisa, njengencazelo, kukhombisa ubungozi. Imethrikhi ewusizo yalokhu ukuhluka kwedatha.
Ukubala ukuhluka kuqala kudinga ukuthatha isilinganiso, noma isilinganiso, sesethi yedatha. Bese, thatha ukuqaphela ngakunye kusethi yedatha bese ususa incazelo kukho ukuze udale izinsalela. Sikwele ngakunye kwalezi zinsalela bese uzifingqa ukuze uthole ukwehluka kwedatha, futhi uthatha ukuthi idatha iyisampula, hlukanisa ngenani lokuphawuliwe ukhiphe okukodwa.
Ukuze uthole okubaluleke kakhulu ukuphambuka okujwayelekile, noma ibanga elimaphakathi ukusuka kuncazelo, thatha impande eyisikwele yokuhluka kwakho.
Kubalulekile ukukala ngokuthi ingakanani idatha evame ukuduka esilinganisweni. Khumbula, inani elimaphakathi ledatha enkulu livame ukucatshangwa njengenani elilindelekile.
Ngamanye amazwi, imali engenayo ngesibhedlela ngasinye embonini Yezibhedlela ngokuvamile iyimali engenayo elindelwe isibhedlela esihlaziywe ngokungahleliwe.
Uma isilinganiso sisetshenziselwa ukwenza izibikezelo, kodwa kunamazinga aphezulu okuchezuka kusukela esilinganisweni, izibikezelo ziba nzima kakhulu ngakho ingozi iyanda.
Njengoba kunikezwe isethi yedatha enkulu ngokwanele, singase sicabangele a ukusatshalaliswa okuvamile kwedatha, okubonisa idatha evame ukuqoqwa phakathi kwesilinganiso, noma sebenzisa i-histogram ukuze uphenye ukusatshalaliswa.
Kaningi, eyokuqala yanele ekuhlaziyweni kwebhizinisi, okusivumela ukuthi sisebenzise kangcono idatha ngokuphathelene nesilinganiso sayo. Lokhu kusabalalisa kwamathuba kubonisa ukuba nokwenzeka kwezenzakalo ezenzekayo.
Isethi yedatha enokuchezuka okujwayelekile okuphezulu kubonisa ukuguquguquka okukhulu nezinguquko, kanye namazinga aphezulu engcuphe. Ukuchezuka okujwayelekile kusiza ukuhlola ama-outliers kudatha.
Kumagrafu olayini ashadi phakathi nenkathi yesikhathi, kusetshenziswa ukuchezuka okujwayelekile kubonisa izinguquko eziphezulu zonyaka nonyaka emalini engenayo, okuhlukanisa ukwehla okukhulu kwamathuba noma ukukhuphuka kusukela emathubeni aphansi, futhi okungenzeka kube okungalindelekile nokuphathelene, nokuncipha noma ukwanda.
Mayelana nemali engenayo embonini Yezibhedlela phakathi kuka-2005 no-2021, siqale sinqume ukuchezuka okumaphakathi nokujwayelekile. Ngokungeza nokukhipha uhhafu wokuchezuka okujwayelekile kuncazelo, sithola imingcele yethu ephezulu nephansi ngokulandelanayo.
Isaziso ukuthi izinguquko eziningi zingaphakathi kokuchezuka okujwayelekile okukodwa okuphelele, ngaphandle kwabakhiqizi abaphawulekayo okuhlanganisa u-2009, 2015 kanye no-2020, yonke iminyaka eguquguqukayo ikakhulukazi embonini.
Ukwengamela ukuchezuka kusukela kuncazelo nakho kubeka izilinganiso, amaphuzu kanye nezilinganiso ngendlela efanele. Ngedatha eyanele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ukuqhathanisa isilinganiso sengozi sonyaka owodwa nesilinganiso kusiza ukuchaza ubungozi balowo nyaka.
Sisebenzisa ukuchezuka okujwayelekile, singakwazi ukunquma ukuthi yiliphi ibanga ukusuka kokushiwo okungase lifaneleke njengengcuphe ephansi, ingcuphe emaphakathi, noma ingcuphe ephezulu.
The ukubusa kwamandla ithi, uma kubhekwa idatha evame ukusatshalaliswa, cishe u-70.0% wedatha kufanele iwele phakathi kwebanga lesilinganiso kanye nokukodwa futhi kusho ukususa ukuchezuka okukodwa okujwayelekile. Ngaphezu kwalokho, u-90.0% kufanele wehlele phakathi kwencazelo hlanganisa nokubili futhi usho susa ukuchezuka okubili okujwayelekile.
Ngokombono, idatha emayelana nokuchezuka okujwayelekile okukodwa ngenhla noma ngaphansi kwesilinganiso akufanele ngempela kubhekwe njengengcuphe ephezulu noma ephansi.
Isegimenti eqinisekisiwe: Isistimu yesixwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi kanye ne-matrix yengozi
Ukuhlaziywa okwengeziwe kwedatha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvumela ukuhlukaniswa okuqondile, okuqinisekisiwe kwamazinga engozi. I-IBISWorld ihlinzeka ngesegimenti eqinisekisiwe, ebalwa kusukela eminyakeni yedatha nokuhlaziywa, amaphuzu aphelele ezingozi kanye nezimo zawo zesibikezelo ngokusebenzisa Isistimu Yesexwayiso Yangaphambi kwesikhathi.
Lolu hlelo lubeka inani lenani lebhizinisi eliphelele, okuxoxwe ngalo esigabeni sokulinganisa ngenhla, esigabeni esinobungozi obuphansi, obuphakathi noma obuphezulu.
Ukwengeza, uhlelo lunquma amazinga engcuphe yesikhathi esizayo kanye nesiqondiso (enyukayo, esinciphayo, esizinzile) sengozi kusetshenziswa izibikezelo. Kubandakanya ubungozi besimo sezulu ukuze kuqhathaniswe nezamanje nakho kuthuthukisa ukuhlaziywa kwenzuzo yengcuphe.
Leli thuluzi eliwusizo livumela ukwakhiwa kwe-matrix yengozi ukuhlela ulwazi ukuze luhlaziywe. I-matrix yobungozi ihlukanisa ubungozi bamanje nobulindelekile ngaphansi kwemigqa namakholomu.
I-Early Warning System ibeka imboni ku-matrix ngokusekelwe kuleveli yamanje yobungozi kanye nesiqondiso sesihloko sayo.
Lokhu kuvumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bahlele kalula umkhakha, iqembu lezimboni ezikhethiwe noma zonke izimboni ndawonye ngokusekelwe esilinganisweni sobungozi esicwaningwe kahle, esigayeka kalula.
Izinqumo zebhizinisi kufanele zicabangele inani lobungozi, ubungozi besikhathi esizayo, uhlobo lobungozi kanye nokubekezelela ubungozi kwebhizinisi.
Ngokuhlukanisa ubungozi kusetshenziswa amasu okuxoxwe ngawo kulesi sihloko, izimboni namabhizinisi kungahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe ezinhlotsheni ezihlukene zobungozi futhi kuhlelwe ku-matrix yobungozi ukuze kuqhathaniswe.
Isibonelo, ukuchayeka kungcuphe ezicini zangaphandle (ukuzwela) kuqhathaniswa nengozi yangaphakathi (izilinganiso), ukusebenza kwamanje ngokumelene nebhentshimakhi uma kuqhathaniswa nokusebenza kwesibikezelo kanye nezinye izinhlanganisela zakha i-matrix egayeka kalula ukuze ihlaziywe.
Ngezingozi zamanje nezibikezelo esandleni, izigaba zobuthakathaka nezinsongo ze-matrix yokuhlaziya i-SWOT zingaqondwa kangcono.
Okubalulekile okudlayo
Lawa mathuluzi okuhlaziya ubungozi, njengamanye okuxoxwe ngawo, achaza futhi ahlukanise amazinga obungozi ukuze kuthuthukiswe inqubo yokwenza izinqumo.
Banikeza ukuqonda ezicini ezisekela ubungozi, ukuqhathanisa phakathi kwezimboni ezahlukene, namazinga okuqiniseka.
Uma ubungozi buhlonziwe futhi buhlolisiswa, noma yiziphi izinyathelo ezilandelayo ezithathwayo zingenziwa ngendlela enengqondo futhi enembile.
Umthombo ovela I-IBISWorld
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