Konke Odinga Ukukwazi Nge-Laser Cladding

I-laser cladding, ebizwa nangokuthi i-laser overlay welding, isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni ukugqoka izinto ezahlukahlukene. Ubuchwepheshe obuthole ukuduma eminyakeni edlule bufika nezinzuzo ezihlukahlukene. Kuyasiza ukuvikela izinto ezivela ku-oxidation kanye nokugqwala. Ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding kuthuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezulu. 

Lesi sihloko sizosebenza kukho konke odinga ukukwazi mayelana ne-laser cladding. 

Okuqukethwe
Iyini i-laser cladding?
Inqubo yokuvala i-Laser
Izinzuzo ze-laser cladding
Izimpawu ze-laser cladding
Ingabe ukuvala nge-laser kuyabiza?
Izindlela ezintsha zakamuva zokuvala i-laser
Isiphetho

Iyini i-laser cladding? 

Ukufakwa kwe-laser kuyinqubo eyengeziwe ekukhiqizeni enikeza ukunamathela ezinhlotsheni ezihlukahlukene zezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngokuvamile, ithuthukisa izakhiwo ezingaphezulu, ezivikela izinto ezivela ku-oxidation kanye nokugqwala. Inqubo ibandakanya ichibi elincibilikayo elinqanyulwa endaweni yonke yezinto eziyisisekelo. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, i-powder noma i-wire feedstock isetshenziswa, okwenza ungqimba oluncane lwe-coating.

I-laser-induced cladding ihlinzeka ngezingubo ezisatshalaliswa ngokulinganayo. Ngokuphindaphinda okuphezulu, izendlalelo azikho ukuqhekeka kanye ne-porosity. Ziphinde zibonise ukunamathela okuhle, ukuhwalala okuphansi kwendawo, ukuhlanzwa okuphansi, kanye nokumoshakala okuncane kwezinto ezihilelekile. Inqubo ingathuthukiswa ngokulungisa ukuminyana, isivinini sohambo, kanye nobubanzi bemishayo ye-laser endaweni yento.

Inqubo yokuvala i-Laser

Inqubo i-directed energy deposition (DED), futhi ibizwa nangokuthi i-laser overlay welding. Uma isetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni okungeziwe, ibizwa ngokuthi i-laser metal deposition (LMD) noma i-directed laser metal deposition (DLMD). 

I-laser beam iyancibilika futhi ibophe ama-alloys ensimbi endaweni engaphansi noma isendlalelo esifakwe ngaphambilini. Ungqimba oluminyene lwe-laser cladding luboshwe nge-metallurgically ngaphansi kokuhlanjululwa okuncane okuvela ezintweni zensimbi. Okokufaka kokushisa kufanele kube ngokwanele ukukhiqiza imbondela yekhwalithi ephezulu.

Ngezansi kunezinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuvala i-laser:

Ukufakwa kwe-laser enesinyathelo esisodwa 

Enqubweni yesinyathelo esisodwa, izinto zokumboza zethulwa echibini lokuncibilika lapho lishintsha libe yifomu elincibilikisiwe phezu kwendawo engaphansi. Lapho ugongolo lwe-laser olunyakazayo lushiya isikhala, into encibilikisiwe enamathelayo iyaqina. Ngenxa yalokho, ukunamathela okuhle kwenziwa ngamathrekhi agqagqene okunyakaza kwe-laser. 

Izinyathelo ezimbili ze-laser cladding

Ukucutshungulwa kwezinyathelo ezimbili kuhilela ukubekwa kokuqala kwezinto zokumboza phezu kwe-substrate. Ngemuva kwalokho, ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kuthatha ugongolo lwe-laser olunyakazayo ukuze luncibilikise izinto zokumboza kanye ne-substrate ndawonye. I-coating iqina ngokuzenzakalelayo ngokushesha nje lapho ugongolo lwe-laser lushiya ukumbozwa kwesikhala. 

Ukuvala ucingo

Ngesikhathi senqubo yokuhlanganisa ucingo, i- Ucingo idliswa ngqo kusuka ku-spool kuya kwithoshi yezembe. Kube sekushisisa ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa elincibilikayo lapho ukuvala kwenzeka khona ngohlelo oluqondisayo lwezintambo. 

Le nqubo inenzuzo ngenxa yokusebenza kahle okungu-100% ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto zokugcwalisa. Futhi kuyinqubo ehlanzekile enezinketho ezihlukahlukene zezinto zocingo. Nokho, ukumuncwa kwemisebe ezintanjeni kunikeza okukhiphayo okungahambisani. 

I-powder cladding

Ku-powder cladding, i- powder idluliselwa kusuka ku-disc ejikelezayo kuya ku-nozzle feed. Idluliswa ngamagesi enkampani yenethiwekhi, isibonelo, i-Argon noma i-Helium, lapho kusetshenziswa isimiso sokumuncwa. Izinhlayiya zempushana zibe seziphoqwa amagesi othwala ngesivinini esikhulu. 

Lokhu kubangela ukugqoka okuphezulu okulinganayo futhi okuphindaphindekayo. Inqubo inezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokudla nezinto zokwakha. Futhi kuyindlela engcono yokusethwa kwe-3D.

Izinzuzo ze-laser cladding

Ama-Lasers ayinketho ekhethwayo ye-micromachining kanye nokucutshungulwa kwezinto ezibonakalayo. Ngaphansi kwe-laser cladding, usebenzisa amapharamitha afana nemvamisa yokuphindaphinda ukushaya kwenhliziyo, amandla e-laser, ubude beza, nezinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zamaphrofayili e-beam. 

Okulandelayo yizinzuzo ezishiwo ku-laser cladding:

• Iqinisekisa ukuhlangana kwe-metallurgical kwezindawo nezinto eziyisisekelo
• Inqubo idinga isikhathi esiphansi sokuchayeka nokujula kwe-laser beam
• I-Laser cladding ikhiqiza ukumbondelana okungazweli uma kuqhathaniswa nezingubo zokufafaza ezishisayo
• Ikhwalithi ephezulu ezuziwe kanye ne-warpage ephansi inciphisa isidingo sokucubungula ngemuva
• Isebenza kahle kakhulu ngenxa yezindleko ezincishisiwe, isikhathi esifushane sokuvala i-laser, kanye nokumoshakala okuncane

Izimpawu ze-laser cladding

Ukufakwa kwe-laser ikakhulukazi isebenzisa umthelela wokushisa ophansi kanye nezici ezinhle zokunemba. Iphinde ibe nezinye izici, ezihlanganisa:

• Izinga lokupholisa okusheshayo ngenxa yenqubo yokuqinisa ngokushesha; izinga likhuphukela cishe ku-106 K/s. Kulula ukuthola ama-crystalline ama-coatings asakazwa ngokulinganayo. 
• Idinga okokufaka okuncane kokushisa kanye nokuhlanekezela lapho kusetshenziswa ukuhlanganisa ngokushesha okukhulu kokuqina kwamandla. Ukuhlanekezela kungancishiswa kube ngaphakathi kokubekezelelana komhlangano. 
• Izinga lokuhlanjululwa kwentonga ephansi ngokuvamile elingaphansi kuka-5%. Ngokulungiswa kwepharamitha ye-laser, i-substrate iboshelwa ngokuqinile nge-metallurgically noma ngokuhlanganisa ubuso. 
• Isendlalelo se-laser cladding sinohlu olukhulu logqinsi olunomshini wokuphakelayo oyimpushana wesiteshi esisodwa esingaba ngu-0.2 kuya ku-2.0 mm. 
• Ayikho imingcele ekukhetheni impushana lapho ufaka izinto ezisezingeni eliphezulu zokuncibilika ebusweni bezinto ezincibilika eziphansi. 
• Inqubo yokuvala i-laser kulula ukuzenzela.
• Inqubo ithuthukisa ukubekwa okukhethiwe okunokusetshenziswa kwempahla ephansi ngesilinganiso esihle kakhulu sokusebenza kuya kwentengo.
• Izendlalelo ze-beam ezihlose ukugqagqana futhi ngaleyo ndlela zingahlanganisa izindawo ezingafinyeleleki.

Ingabe ukuvala nge-laser kuyabiza?

Kwathuthukiswa eminyakeni engama-30 edlule, ukuvala nge-laser bekulokhu kuthathwa njengobuchwepheshe benketho yokugcina. Lokhu kungenxa yokutshalwa kwezimali okuphezulu kokuqala kanye nezindleko zokusebenza zemishini ye-laser. Kodwa-ke, kube nentuthuko enkulu kuma-laser wesimo esiqinile samanje. 

Ukuhlanganiswa kwamarobhothi ngokulethwa kwe-fiber-coupled beam kwenze inqubo yasebenza kahle futhi yangabizi kakhulu. Uma kucatshangelwa ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko zenzuzo, ukuvala nge-laser kuyawina futhi kukhula kakhulu emikhakheni eyahlukene yezimboni. 

Izindlela ezintsha zakamuva zokuvala i-laser

Izinto ezintsha zakamuva zokuvala i-laser zigxile kakhulu ekwandiseni umkhiqizo. Intuthuko isagcina izici eziyinhloko ze-laser cladding. 

Okulandelayo yizibonelo zokuqanjwa okusha:

• Ukufakwa kwe-laser enesivinini esikhulu kuncibilikisa ngokuphelele impushana engezayo kugongolo lwe-laser ngaphambi kokufinyelela kusisekelo. Isisekelo esiqinile sihlanganiswa nempushana encibilikisiwe ngokudluliswa kokushisa.
• I-hot-wire laser cladding ihlinzeka ngocingo olushisiwe ngaphambili kunqubo; lokhu kuthola amandla e-laser engeziwe ukuze kuncibilike izinto eziyisisekelo ngezinga lokuphakela elikhuphukile.
• I-Laser cladding isebenzisa i-co-axial laser beam ephakela okungeziwe okuhambisana nendawo yokusebenza. I-laser i-coaxially iphrojekthi eduze kocingo. Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukucutshungulwa okungaguquki okuzimele ekuqondeni kohambo lwe-3D laser deposition deposition.
• Inqubo yokuvala i-laser yendawo enkulu inyusa usayizi wendawo ye-laser endaweni yokusebenza. Lokhu kuvumela ukusetshenziswa kwamandla e-laser engeziwe ngaphandle kokuncibilika ngokweqile kwesisekelo kanye nokwandisa ukuhlanjululwa.

Isiphetho  

Ubuchwepheshe be-laser cladding muva nje buye benza intuthuko enkulu ekukhiqizeni kwesimanje. Izinkampani eziningi ezikhiqizayo zicabangela ubuchwepheshe be-laser ukulungisa kabusha imikhiqizo ye-OEM. Inqubo iphinde yathuthukisa ukugqwala kanye nezici zokugqoka zezinto. 

Umhlahlandlela ongenhla uchaza inqubo ye-laser cladding kanye nezinzuzo zayo. Abathengi kufanele baqinisekise ukuthi ikhwalithi igcinwa ngesikhathi sokumbozwa kwe-laser. Ukuze uthole okokusebenza kwe-laser cladding ozikhethele yona, vakashela Chovm.com.