1. Isimo jikelele sokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle
Imishini enyakazisa umhlaba inemisebenzi yokuphula ungqimba lwegeja, ukubuyisela uhlaka lwe-tillage layer, ukuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi enhlabathini kanye namandla okugcina umswakama, ukuqeda ukhula oluthile, ukunciphisa ukulimala kwezinambuzane, ukubeka indawo ephansi, nokwenza ngcono izinga lemisebenzi yemishini yezolimo.
I-China iyizwe elikhulu lokukhiqiza. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, inani lokuthekelisa lemishini yokugreda evela e-China belilokhu likhula ngokuqhubekayo, lisuka kumayunithi angama-643,000 ngo-2018 laya kumayunithi ayizigidi eziyi-1.57 ngo-2021. Inani lokuthekelisa liphinde lenyuka lisuka ku-83.245 million USD ngo-2018 laya ku-128.256 million USD ngo-2021 kanye nenani elivela kwamanye amazwe. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, inani elithunyelwa ngaphandle lemishini yokugreda lisuka e-China lalingamayunithi angu-631,000, anenani lokuthekelisa eliyizigidi ezingu-95.693 USD. Inani lokungenisa lalingamayunithi angu-600 anenani lokungenisa eliyizigidi ezingu-3.571 USD.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kokungenisa nokuthekelisa
Mayelana nenani lokuthekelisa, ukuthunyelwa kwemishini yokugreda yaseShayina yakhiwa ikakhulukazi ezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokugreda. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, inani elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe lamarola emigwaqo esuka e-China lalingamayunithi angu-117,000, anenani lokuthekelisa eliyizigidi ezingu-3.673 USD. Ngaleso sikhathi, inani lokuthekelisa lezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokugreda lalingamayunithi angama-514,000, okwakungamayunithi angama-397,000 ngaphezulu kunenani elithunyelwa ngaphandle lamarola omgwaqo. Inani lokuthekelisa lezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokugreda laliyizigidi ezingama-92.02 USD, elaliphezulu kakhulu kunevelu yokuthekelisa yamarola omgwaqo.
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, i-China yangenisa kuphela amarola omgwaqo angu-7, anenani lokungenisa elingu-13,000 USD. Khonamanjalo, inani elivela kwamanye amazwe lezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokugreda lalingamayunithi angama-596, okwakungamayunithi angama-589 ngaphezu kwenani lamarola omgwaqo elivela kwamanye amazwe. Inani lokungenisa lezinye izinhlobo zemishini yokugreda lalingu-3.558 wezigidi ze-USD, elaliphezulu kakhulu kunenani lokungenisa kwamanye amazwe lamarola omgwaqo.
Ngokwesilinganiso senani lentengo yeyunithi yokungenisa nokuthekelisa, isilinganiso senani leyunithi yokungenisa yemishini yokugreda yaseShayina iphakeme kakhulu kunesilinganiso senani leyunithi yokuthekelisa. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, isilinganiso senani leyunithi yokuthekelisa yomshini wokugreda wase-China sasingu-151.7 USD ngeyunithi ngayinye, kuyilapho isilinganiso senani leyunithi yokungenisa sasingu-5,951.7 USD ngeyunithi ngayinye, ephakeme kakhulu kunentengo yayo yokuthekelisa.
3. Ukuhlaziywa kwamaphethini okungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle
Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, izifunda ezinhlanu eziphezulu zokuthunyelwa kwemishini esezingeni lase-China ngenani kwakuyi-United States, South Korea, Germany, Russian Federation, kanye ne-Netherlands, ngamavelu okuthunyelwa kwezigidi ezingu-21.677 USD, 21.089 million USD, 5.937 million USD, 5.925 million USD, kanye $4.713 million ngokulandelanayo.
I-Shandong, i-Zhejiang, ne-Jiangsu yizifundazwe ezinkulu e-China zokuthumela imishini yokuhlela kwamanye amazwe. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, iSifundazwe saseShandong sibe nenani eliphakeme kakhulu lokuthekelisa lemishini yokukala ezweni, enenani lokuthekelisa elingu-41.591 million USD, kuyilapho iSifundazwe saseZhejiang sikleliswe endaweni yesibili ngenani lokuthekelisa lezigidi ezingu-21.619 USD. Lezi zifundazwe ezimbili ziyizifunda ezihamba phambili ezithumela kwamanye amazwe imishini yokugreda e-China.
Ngokwevelu yokungenisa, iNetherlands ingumthengisi omkhulu kunayo yonke wemishini yokugreda eChina. Kusukela ngoJanuwari kuya ku-Okthoba 2022, i-China yangenisa ngaphandle imishini yokukala ebiza isigidi esingu-1.201 USD isuka e-Netherlands, ebalwa u-34% yenani eliphelele lokungenisa. I-China ingenise imishini yokukala ebiza izigidi ezingu-0.945 USD isuka eJalimane, ibalwa u-26% yenani eliphelele lokungenisa.
Umthombo ovela I-Intelligence Research Group (chyxx.com)
